A5054652468- Diet and metabolism studies
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
Oregon Health & Science University
2016-2025
Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences
2023
Oregon Medical Research Center
2018-2022
University of Portland
2011-2022
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
2021
George Washington University
2012-2018
University of Washington
1997-2014
Seattle University
1997-2014
Diabetes Australia
2014
Health Promotion Council
2013
The recently discovered orexigenic peptide ghrelin is produced primarily by the stomach and circulates in blood at levels that increase during prolonged fasting rats. When administered to rodents supraphysiological doses, activates hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/agouti gene–related protein neurons increases food intake body weight. These findings suggest may participate meal initiation. As a first step investigate this hypothesis, we sought determine whether circulating are elevated before...
More information is needed about the durability of weight loss and health improvements after bariatric surgical procedures.To examine long-term change status following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) laparoscopic adjustable banding (LAGB).The Longitudinal Assessment Bariatric Surgery (LABS) study a multicenter observational cohort at 10 US hospitals in 6 geographically diverse clinical centers. Adults undergoing procedures as part care between 2006 2009 were recruited followed up until...
Context.—Intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes results in greater weight gain than conventional treatment.Objective.—To determine the effect this on lipid levels and blood pressure.Design.—Randomized controlled trial; ancillary study Diabetes Control Complications Trial (DCCT).Setting.—Twenty-one clinical centers.Participants.—The 1168 subjects enrolled DCCT with who were aged 18 years or older at baseline.Intervention.—Randomized to receive either intensive (n=586) (n=582) a mean follow-up...
Background Intensive therapy of HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral (HAART) dramatically reduces viral loads and improves immune status. Abnormalities lipid levels, body fat distribution, insulin resistance have been commonly reported after starting HAART. Whether the abnormalities result from changes in metabolism an improvement status or are partly attributable to effects protease inhibitor use is unknown. Methods Twenty-one healthy volunteers participated a 2 week...
Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the GH secretagogue receptor, stimulates appetite and causes obesity in animal models humans when given pharmacologic doses. Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic syndrome characterized by deficiency onset voracious childhood. We, therefore, hypothesized that ghrelin levels may play role expression this syndrome. We measured fasting serum 13 PWS children with average age 9.5 yr (range, 5-15) body mass index (BMI) 31.3 kg/m2 22-46). The group was compared 4...
Background— Intensive diabetes mellitus therapy of type 1 reduces complications but can be associated with excess weight gain, central obesity, and dyslipidemia. The purpose this study was to determine whether excessive gain is prospectively atherosclerotic disease. Methods Results— Subjects (97% white, 45% female, mean age 35 years) randomly assigned intensive or conventional treatment during the Diabetes Control Complications Trial (DCCT) underwent intima-media thickness (n = 1015)...
Abstract Obesity and type 2 diabetes are prevalent chronic diseases effectively managed by semaglutide. Here we studied the effects of semaglutide on circulating proteome using baseline end-of-treatment serum samples from two phase 3 trials in participants with overweight or obesity, without diabetes: STEP 1 ( n = 1,311) 645). We identified evidence supporting broad semaglutide, implicating processes related to body weight regulation, glycemic control, lipid metabolism inflammatory pathways....
The gut peptide, ghrelin, may participate in the control of energy homeostasis and pituitary hormone secretion humans, stimulating both food intake and, at pharmacological doses, ACTH cortisol secretion. Meal consumption weight loss regulate ghrelin levels, but less is known about relationship to body composition, aging, menopausal status, lipid metabolism. Therefore, 60 adult men women widely varying ages weights were characterized terms composition levels glucose, insulin, lipids,...
Loss of body fat by caloric restriction is accompanied decreased circulating leptin levels, increased ghrelin and appetite. In contrast, dietary often decreases adiposity without increasing Substitution carbohydrate for has been shown to increase the area under plasma vs. time curve (AUC) over course 24 h. This effect, if sustained, could explain absence a compensatory in appetite on low diet. To clarify effect ghrelin, we measured AUC these hormones human subjects after each following...
The present study was designed to examine the hypothesis that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity as measured by 24-h cortisol production rate (CPR) and plasma levels of free is linked increased body fat in adults, with aging results from CPR. Fifty-four healthy men women volunteers a wide range mass indexes ages underwent measurement CPR isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, cortisol-binding globulin, pooled plasma, composition, leptin. Cortisol clearance rates...
CT is considered the gold standard imaging modality for measurement of visceral adipose tissue area. However, as exposes subjects to ionising radiation, a comparable technique without this exposure desirable, such MRI. Therefore, we compared agreement measures and subcutaneous area from single-slice images obtained at umbilicus using 3 T MRI scanner with via scan.64 were 27 who underwent scanning on same day, after 10-12 hours fasting. Visceral depots manually separated quantified...
OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were to determine baseline and postbariatric surgical characteristics associated with type 2 diabetes remission if, after controlling for differences in weight loss, was greater Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) than laparoscopic banding (LAGB). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An observational cohort obese participants studied using generalized linear mixed models examine the associations bariatric surgery rates up 3 years. Of 2,458 enrolled, 1,868 (76%) had...
Scope Xanthohumol ( XN ) is a bioactive prenylflavonoid from hops. A single‐dose pharmacokinetic PK study was conducted in men n = 24) and women to determine dose–concentration relationships. Methods results Subjects received single oral dose of 20, 60, or 180 mg . Blood collected at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h. Plasma levels its metabolites, isoxanthohumol IX ), 8‐prenylnaringenin (8 PN 6‐prenylnaringenin (6 were measured by LC ‐ MS / conjugates dominant circulating...
OBJECTIVE Intensive treatment (INT) of type 1 diabetes reduces the incidence cardiovascular disease (CVD) events compared with conventional (CONV), but it also results in more weight gain. Our objective was to examine whether excessive gain from INT is independently associated subsequent CVD events. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Quartiles (Q) 1,213 participants aged 18 years and older at enrollment Diabetes Control Complications Trial (DCCT) were determined within randomized groups (INT vs....
Obesity is linked to the development and progression of CKD, but whether bariatric surgery protects against CKD poorly understood. We, therefore, examined influences risk. The study included 2144 adults who underwent from March 2006 April 2009 participated in Longitudinal Assessment Bariatric Surgery-2 Study cohort. primary outcome was risk categories as assessed by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consortium criteria using a combination eGFR albuminuria. Patients were 79%...
Abstract Background Hypothalamic centres have been recognized to play a central role in body weight regulation for nearly 70 years. Aims In this review, we will explore the current undersanding of hypothalamus plays controlling food intake behaviours. Materials and Methods Review relevant literature from PubMed searches review article citations. Results Beginning with autopsy studies showing destructive hypothalamic lesions patients manifesting hyperphagia rapid gain, followed by animal...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects GH administration on pulmonary function, sleep, behavior, cognition, linear growth velocity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure (REE) in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. used a 12-month, balanced, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over experimental design. Twelve subjects were randomized (0.043 mg/kg·d) or placebo intervention for 6 months then crossed over alternate months. Differences outcome...
Abstract How weight loss improves lipid levels is poorly understood. Cross-sectional studies have suggested that accumulation of fat in intraabdominal stores (IAF) may lead to abnormal levels, increased hepatic lipase (HL) activity, and smaller low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size. To determine what effect IAF would on parameters, 21 healthy older men underwent diet-induced loss. During a period stability before after loss, subjects body composition, lipids, measurement postheparin HL...