In Parkinson's disease (PD), the oscillatory activity recorded from basal ganglia shows dopamine-dependent changes. “off” parkinsonian motor state, there is prominent in beta band (12–30 Hz) that mostly attenuated after dopaminergic therapy (“on” medication state). The on state also characterized by gamma (60–80 and high-frequency (300 bands modulated movement. We local field potentials a group of 15 PD patients (three females) treated with bilateral deep brain stimulation subthalamic...

We study a Kuramoto model in which the oscillators are associated with nodes of complex network and interactions include phase frustration, thus preventing full synchronization. The system organizes into regime remote synchronization where pairs same symmetry fully synchronized, despite their distance on graph. provide analytical arguments to explain this result, we show how frustration parameter affects distribution phases. An application brain networks suggests that anatomical plays role...

Flicker stimuli of variable frequency (2-90 Hz) elicit a steady-state visual-evoked response (SSVER) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) with same as stimulus. In humans, amplitude this peaks at approximately 15 Hz, decreasing higher stimulation frequencies. It was not known whether peak corresponds to increased synaptic activity visual cortex or other mechanisms [for instance, temporal coherence (phase summation) evoked responses]. We studied SSVER 16 normal volunteers by means 14 different...

Summary Independent component analysis (ICA) is a novel technique that calculates independent components from mixed signals. A hypothetical clinical application to remove artifacts in EEG. The goal of this study was apply ICA standard EEG recordings eliminate well-known artifacts, thus quantifying its efficacy an objective way. Eighty samples with spikes and evident electrocardiogram (EKG), eye movements, 50-Hz interference, muscle, or electrode artifact were studied. calculated using the...

We analyze the connectivity structure of weighted brain networks extracted from spontaneous magnetoencephalographic signals healthy subjects and epileptic patients (suffering absence seizures) recorded at rest. find that, for activities in 5--14 Hz range, brains exhibit a sparse connectivity, whereas display rich with clear modular structure. Our results suggest that modularity plays key role functional organization areas during normal pathological neural

Behavioural abnormalities such as impulse control disorders may develop when patients with Parkinson's disease receive dopaminergic therapy, although they can be controlled by deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. We have recorded local field potentials in nucleus 28 surgically implanted electrodes. According to predominant clinical features each patient, their was associated (n = 10), dyskinesias 9) or no mediated motor behavioural complications 9). Recordings were obtained...

Abstract A voluntary movement is accompanied by a series of changes in neuronal oscillatory activity the subthalamic nucleus (STN). These can be recorded through electrodes implanted for deep brain stimulation to treat Parkinson's disease time interval between surgery and internalization connections batteries. Both baseline movement‐related are different ‘on’ ‘off’ medication motor states. In state low frequency alpha–beta range (8–25 Hz) that dominates spectrum interrupted during movement,...

There is growing interest in studying the role of connectivity patterns brain functions. In recent years, functional networks were found to exhibit small-world properties during different states. previous studies, time-independent recovered from long time periods activity. this paper, we propose an approach, event-related networks, that allows one characterize dynamical evolution time-frequency space. We illustrate approach by characterizing magnetoencephalographic signals recorded a visual...

Modular structure is ubiquitous among real-world networks from related proteins to social groups. Here we analyze the modular organization of brain at a large scale (voxel level) extracted functional magnetic resonance imaging signals. By using random-walk-based method, unveil modularity webs and show modules with spatial distribution that matches anatomical structures significance. The role each node in network studied by analyzing its patterns inter- intramodular connections. Results...

Abstract Dravet Syndrome (DS) is an encephalopathy with epilepsy associated multiple neuropsychiatric comorbidities. In up to 90% of cases, it caused by functional happloinsufficiency the SCN1A gene, which encodes alpha subunit a voltage-dependent sodium channel (Nav1.1). Preclinical development new targeted therapies requires accessible animal models recapitulate disease at genetic and clinical levels. Here we describe that C57BL/6 J knock-in mouse strain carrying heterozygous, clinically...

Abstract Assimilation of novel strategies into a consolidated action repertoire is crucial function for behavioral adaptation and cognitive flexibility. Acetylcholine in the striatum plays pivotal role such adaptation, its release has been causally associated with activity cholinergic interneurons. Here we show that midbrain, previously unknown source acetylcholine striatum, major contributor to transmission striatal complex. Neurons pedunculopontine laterodorsal tegmental nuclei synapse...

Summary: Purpose: Independent component analysis (ICA) is a novel algorithm able to separate independent components from complex signals. Studies in interictal EEG demonstrate its usefulness eliminate eye, muscle, 50‐Hz, electrocardiogram (ECG), and electrode artifacts. The goal of this study was evaluate the ICA removing artifacts ictal recordings with known onset. Methods: We studied 20 seizures nine patients focal epilepsy monitored our video‐EEG monitoring unit. applied remove obvious...

Oscillatory activity can be widely recorded in the cortex and basal ganglia. This may play a role not only physiology of movement, perception cognition, but also pathophysiology psychiatric neurological diseases like schizophrenia or Parkinson's disease. Ketamine administration has been shown to cause an increase gamma cortical subcortical structures, 150 Hz oscillations nucleus accumbens healthy rats, together with hyperlocomotion.We local field potentials from motor cortex, caudate-putamen...

Neuronal networks in vitro are prominent systems to study the development of connections living neuronal and interplay between connectivity, activity function. These cultured show a rich spontaneous that evolves concurrently with connectivity underlying network. In this work we monitor cultures, record their using calcium fluorescence imaging. We use spectral analysis characterize global dynamical structural traits cultures. first observe power spectrum can be used as signature state...

Abstract Background: Diphasic dyskinesias are a subtype of levodopa‐induced that appear typically at the onset and end levodopa antiparkinsonian action. The pathophysiology diphasic is not well understood. Methods: We analyzed local field potentials recorded from subthalamic nucleus in 7 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who showed typical during postoperative recordings through deep brain stimulation electrode. evolution different oscillatory activities related to was studied by windowed...

The integrated stress response (ISR) regulates translation in to diverse stresses. ISR activation has been documented amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and ALS experimental models. In models, both stimulation inhibition prevented neurodegeneration; however, which mode of regulation would work is still debated. We previously demonstrated that the modulator ISRIB (Integrated Stress Response InhiBitor, an eIF2B activator) enhances survival neurons expressing neurotoxic allele SOD1...

The brain's ability to integrate different behavioral and cognitive processes relies on its capacity generate neural oscillations in a cooperative coordinated manner. Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) has recently been proposed as one of the mechanisms involved organizing brain activity. Here we investigated phase-to-amplitude CFC (PA-CFC) patterns oscillatory activity cortico-basal ganglia network healthy, freely moving rats. Within-structure analysis detected consistent PA-CFC four regions...

Cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) are most active during waking state. Their activation is deemed to cause a switch in global brain activity from sleep wakefulness, while their sustained discharge may contribute upholding state and enhancing arousal. Similarly, non-cholinergic PPN responsive transitions influence some same targets cholinergic neurons, suggesting that they operate coordination. Yet, it not clear how distinct classes organize states. Here, we monitored...