Abstract A nickel/N‐heterocyclic carbene catalytic system has been established for decarbonylative borylation of amides with B 2 nep by C−N bond activation. This transformation shows good functional‐group compatibility and can serve as a powerful synthetic tool late‐stage amide groups in complex compounds. More importantly, key intermediate, the structure an acyl nickel was first confirmed X‐ray analysis. Furthermore, process also observed. These findings confirm mechanistic features...

Recently, a large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported in mammalian genomes and are evolutionarily conserved presumably function many biological events, especially the pathogenesis diverse human cancers. A lncRNA, named HOST2 (human ovarian cancer-specific transcript 2), was once to specifically be expressed at high level cancer. However, how acts regulate gene functions carcinogenesis has remained enigmatic. Here we report, for first time, that promotes tumor cell...

Previous studies have evidenced that the anticancer potential of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a main yellow bioactive compound from plant turmeric was mediated by interfering with PI3K/Akt signaling. However, underlying molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. This study experimentally revealed treatment reduced Akt protein expression in dose- and time-dependent manner MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, along an activation autophagy suppression ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)...

By developing a mild Ni-catalyzed system, method for direct borylation of sp(2) and sp(3) C-N bonds has been established. The key to this hightly efficient bond borylative cleavage depends on the appropriate choice nickel catalyst Ni(COD)2, ICy·HCl as ligand, use 2-ethoxyethanol cosolvent. This transformation shows good functional group compatibility can serve powerful synthetic tool gram-scale synthesis late-stage complex compounds.

Abstract A nickel/N‐heterocyclic carbene catalytic system has been established for decarbonylative borylation of amides with B 2 nep by C−N bond activation. This transformation shows good functional‐group compatibility and can serve as a powerful synthetic tool late‐stage amide groups in complex compounds. More importantly, key intermediate, the structure an acyl nickel was first confirmed X‐ray analysis. Furthermore, process also observed. These findings confirm mechanistic features...

Biofouling is of great concern in numerous applications ranging from ophthalmological implants to catheters, and bioseparation biosensors. In this report, a general facile strategy combat surface fouling developed by grafting amino acids onto polymer substrates form zwitterionic structure through groups induced epoxy ring opening click reaction. First all, library poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) hydrogels with surfaces were prepared, resulting the formation pairs...

Leptin has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, particularly obese patients. As a multifunctional adaptor protein, APPL1 (containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding leucine zipper motif 1) plays critical role regulating adiponectin insulin signaling pathways. Currently, high level suggested to be related metastases progression of some types cancer. However, the intercourse between leptin pathway remains poorly understood. Here, we show that protein...

To establish the mechanism responsible for stimulation of glucose uptake by Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), extracted from membranaceus Bunge, in L6 myotubes vitro. APS-stimulated was measured using 2-deoxy-[3H]-D-glucose method. The adenine nucleotide contents cells were HPLC. phosphorylation AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt substrate 160 kDa (AS160) examined Western blot analysis. transfected with 4P mutant AS160 (AS160-4P) constructed gene transfer approach. Treatment APS...

The bienzymatically crosslinked IPN hydrogels composed of gelatin/hyaluronic acid have excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties.

A Pd(<sc>ii</sc>)-catalyzed selective β-arylation of <italic>O</italic>-methyl ketoximes was developed using iodoarenes as the coupling partners.

For the better understanding of insulin resistance (IR), molecular biomarkers in IR white adipocytes and its potential mechanism, we downloaded two mRNA expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The adipocyte samples databases were collected human omental adipose tissue obese (IRO) subjects insulin-sensitive (ISO) subjects, respectively. We identified 86 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IRO ISO using limma package R software. Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) provided...

Both thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are implicated in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Icariin has been found to mimic action normal C2C12 cells display anti-diabetic properties diet-induced obese mice. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains be well-established. Herein, we tested hypothesis that protective effects of icariin on free fatty acid-induced resistance were attributed its regulation TXNIP levels ER cells. We mediated...

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are two conserved intracellular proteolytic pathways, responsible for degradation of most cellular proteins in living cells. Currently, both the UPS have been suggested to be associated with pathogenesis insulin resistance diabetes. However, underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. purpose present study is investigate impact on sensitivity serum-starved 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results show that serum depletion resulted activation...

We report a novel dual drug-tailed phospholipid which can form liposomes as combination of prodrug and drug carrier. An amphiphilic chlorambucil-tailed (DCTP) was synthesized by straightforward esterification. With two chlorambucil molecules hydrophobic tails one glycerophosphatidylcholine molecule hydrophilic head, the DCTP, prodrug, undergoes assembly to liposome without any additives thin lipid film technique. The DCTP liposomes, an effective carrier chlorambucil, exhibited very high...

Tiron functions as an effective antioxidant alleviating the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or acute toxic metal overload. Previous studies have shown that cardiac myocyte apoptosis can be effectively inhibited by tiron administration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRVMs), and H9c2 embryonic cardiomyocytes. However, underlying signalling mechanism is ill-defined. In present study, we found supplementation significantly of high...

ABSTRACT Enzymatic crosslinking was developed to prepare in situ forming poly(γ‐glutamic acid) (γ‐PGA) based hydrogel this study. First, the precursor of acid)–tyramine (γ‐PGA–Ty) synthesized through reaction carboxyl groups from a γ‐PGA backbone with tyramine. The structure grafted confirmed by 1 H‐NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After that, phenol‐containing γ‐PGA–Ty triggered horseradish peroxidase presence H 2 O ; resulted formation hydrogels. equilibrium water content,...

ABSTRACT Well-use histories were obtained and dermatological examinations conducted for 3,179 of the 3,228 (98.5%) residents 3 villages in Inner Mongolia with well water arsenic levels as high 2,000 ppb (ug/L). Eight persons found to have skin cancer, 172 had hyperkeratoses, 121 dyspigmentation, 94 both hyperkeratoses and, strikingly, none Blackfoot disease. All 8 subjects cancer also dyspigmentation. Arsenic measured 184 wells individual well-use obtained. exposure summarized highest...

Neuronal insulin resistance is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. Icariin has been reported to improve skeletal muscle cells and restore impaired hypothalamic signaling the rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress. In addition, icariin can exert neuroprotective effects mouse models of However, molecular mechanisms by which affects neuronal are poorly understood. present study, amyloid-β (Aβ) was used induce human neuroblastoma SK-N-MC cells. Insulin sensitivity evaluated measuring...