A5071585594- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2017-2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2022
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
2018-2020
Oak Ridge Associated Universities
2018
Georgia State University
2015-2016
Arizona State University
2015
Background. Rabies imposes a substantial burden to about half of the world population. The World Health Organization (WHO), for Animal Health, and Food Agriculture Organization, have set goal eliminating dog-mediated human rabies deaths by 2030. This could be achieved largely massive administration post-exposure prophylaxis –in perpetuity–, through elimination dog rabies, or combining both. Here we focused on resources needed virus Materials methods. Drawing from multiple datasets, including...
To describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2018 in the United States.All animals submitted for laboratory diagnosis of States 2018.State territorial public health departments provided data on testing 2018. Data were analyzed temporally geographically to assess trends domestic animal wildlife cases.During 2018, 54 jurisdictions reported 4,951 rabid CDC, representing an 11.2% increase from 4,454 2017. Texas (n = 695 [14.0%]), Virginia (382 [7.7%]), Pennsylvania (356 [7.2%]),...
Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2015 in the United States. DESIGN Observational study based on passive surveillance data. ANIMALS All animals submitted for testing States 2015. PROCEDURES State territorial public health programs provided data Data were analyzed temporally geographically to assess trends domestic sylvatic animal cases. RESULTS During 2015, 50 states Puerto Rico reported 5,508 rabid CDC, representing an 8.7% decrease from 6,033...
OBJECTIVE To describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2017 in the United States. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of passive surveillance data. ANIMALS All animals submitted for laboratory diagnosis States 2017. PROCEDURES State territorial public health departments provided data on testing Data were analyzed temporally geographically to assess trends domestic sylvatic animal cases. RESULTS During 2017, 52 jurisdictions reported 4,454 rabid CDC, representing a 9.3% decrease...
Detailed information on patient exposure, contact patterns, and discharge status is rarely available in real time from traditional surveillance systems the context of an emerging infectious disease outbreak. Here, we validate systematic collection Internet news reports to characterize epidemiological patterns Ebola virus (EVD) infections during West African 2014-2015 outbreak.Based 58 reports, analyzed 79 EVD clusters (286 cases) ranging size 1 33 cases between January 2014 February 2015...
Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2016 in the United States. DESIGN Observational study based on passive surveillance data. ANIMALS All animals submitted for testing States 2016. PROCEDURES State territorial public health programs provided data Data were analyzed temporally geographically to assess trends domestic sylvatic animal cases. RESULTS During 2016, 50 states Puerto Rico reported 4,910 rabid CDC, representing a 10.9% decrease from 5,508...
Dog-rabies elimination programs have typically relied upon parenteral vaccination at central-point locations; however, dog-ownership practices, accessibility to hard-to-reach sub-populations, resource limitations, and logistics may impact a country's ability reach the 70% coverage goal recommended by World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) (WHO). Here we report cost-effectiveness of different dog-vaccination strategies during dog-rabies outbreak in urban peri-urban sections...
Abstract Oral vaccines aid immunization of hard to reach animal populations but often contain live-attenuated viruses that pose risks reversion virulence or residual pathogenicity. Human risk assessment is crucial prior vaccine field distribution there currently no standardized approach. We mapped exposure pathways by which oral may result in inoculation into people and applied a Markov chain estimate the number severe adverse events. simulated three rabies vaccination (ORV) campaigns: (1)...
Background Once a canine rabies-free status has been achieved, there is little guidance available on vaccination standards to maintain that status. In areas with risk of reintroduction, it may be practical continue vaccinating portions susceptible dogs prevent re-establishment rabies. Methods We used modified version RabiesEcon, deterministic mathematical model, evaluate the potential impacts and cost-effectiveness preventing reintroduction rabies through proactive dog vaccination. analyzed...
Haiti has historically vaccinated between 100,000 and 300,000 dogs annually against rabies, however national authorities have not been able to reach maintain the 70% coverage required eliminate canine rabies virus variant. conducts massive dog vaccination campaigns on an annual basis utilizes both central point door-to-door methods. These methods require that owners are aware of dates locations campaign. To improve this awareness among owners, 600,000 text messages were sent phones in two...
Response Team
Background Rabies is a viral disease of animals and people causing fatal encephalomyelitis if left untreated. Although effective pre- post-exposure vaccines exist, they are not widely available in many endemic countries within Africa. Since individuals these remain at risk infection, healthcare-seeking behaviors crucial preventing infection warrant examination. Methodology A rabies knowledge, attitudes, practices survey was conducted 24 geographically diverse sites Uganda during 2013 to...
Guatemala has held dog rabies mass vaccination campaigns countrywide since 1984, yet the virus remains endemic. To eliminate dog-mediated human rabies, coverage must reach at least 70%. The program uses a 5:1 human:dog ratio (HDR) to estimate coverage; however, this method may not accurately reflect heterogeneity of ownership practices in Guatemalan communities. We conducted 16 field-based population estimates urban, semi-urban and rural areas determine HDR evaluate standard 5:1. Our...
Background: Robust dog vaccination coverage is the primary way to eliminate canine rabies. Haiti conducts annual mass campaigns, but still has most human deaths in Latin American and Caribbean region. We conducted an evaluation of methods determine if more intensive, data-driven methods, using smartphones for data reporting geo-communication, could increase a level capable disrupting rabies virus transmission. Methods: Two cities were designated into “Traditional” “Technology-aided” areas....
Enumerating dog populations is essential to plan and evaluate rabies vaccination campaigns. To estimate coverage population size in a Haitian commune, 15 sight-resight counts were conducted over two days following government-sponsored campaign.Dogs received temporary laminated collars livestock wax marks on the head sides at time of vaccination. After campaign, pairs surveyors walked pre-defined routes through targeted neighborhoods, photographing recording characteristics location each seen...
Taiwan had been considered rabies free since 1961, until a newly established wildlife disease surveillance program identified virus transmission within the Formosan ferret-badger (Melogale moschata subaurantiaca) in 2013. Ferret-badgers occur throughout southern China and Southeast Asia, but their ecological niche is not well described.As an initial feasibility assessment for potential control measures, field camera trapping pen of 6 oral vaccine (ORV) baits were conducted 46 nights...
Background: While oral vaccines aid immunization of hard to reach animal populations, the use live-attenuated viruses in many vaccines, including first generation rabies pose risks reversion virulence or residual pathogenicity. a detailed human risk assessment is crucial prior field distribution there currently no standardized approach.
Background: While oral vaccines accelerate population level immunization against disease like poliovirus and aidin the of hard to reach animal populations, use live-attenuated viruses in many vaccines, including first generation rabies pose risks reversion virulence or residual pathogenicity. a detailed human risk assessment is crucial prior field distribution there currently no standardized approach. Methods: We mapped exposure pathways by which may result mucosal, transdermal, severe...