A5019917903- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Helminth infection and control
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Veterinary Oncology Research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology
- Veterinary Practice and Education Studies
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
University of Edinburgh
2015-2024
Roslin Institute
2014-2023
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2017-2018
British Veterinary Association
2017
Hudson Institute
2017
Texas A&M University
2015
Scotland's Rural College
2013
Edinburgh College
2011
The Pirbright Institute
2008
Wellcome Trust
1991
Malaria has been a major selective force on the human population, and several erythrocyte polymorphisms have evolved that confer resistance to severe malaria. Plasmodium falciparum rosetting, parasite virulence phenotype associated with malaria, is reduced in blood group O erythrocytes compared groups A, B, AB, but contribution of ABO system protection against malaria received little attention. We hypothesized may through mechanism rosetting. In matched case-control study 567 Malian...
Sertoli cells regulate differentiation and development of the testis are essential for maintaining adult function. To model effects dysregulating cell number during or aging, we have used acute diphtheria toxin−mediated ablation to reduce population size. Results show that size forms determines germ Leydig will be present in testis. Similarly, can maintained depends directly on population. Finally, linear modeling generate predictive models composition based This study shows at all ages is...
Abstract Movement of live animals is a major risk factor for the spread livestock diseases and zoonotic infections. Understanding contact patterns key to informing cost-effective surveillance control strategies. In West Central Africa some most rapid urbanization globally expected increase demand animal-source foods need safer more efficient animal production. Livestock trading points represent strategic node in dissemination multiple pathogens. From October 2014 May 2015 official...
In the European Union, recommended ante-mortem diagnostic methods for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) include single intradermal cervical comparative tuberculin (SICCT) test and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as an ancillary test. The SICCT has a moderate sensitivity (Se) high specificity (Sp), while IFN-γ good Se, but lower Sp than A retrospective Bayesian latent class analysis was conducted on 71,185 cattle from 806 herds chronically infected with bTB distributed across Northern Ireland (NI) to...
Abstract Dog-mediated rabies kills tens of thousands people each year in India, representing one third the estimated global burden. Whilst World Health Organization (WHO), for Animal (OIE) and Food Agriculture United Nations (FAO) have set a target dog-mediated human elimination by 2030, examples large-scale dog vaccination programs demonstrating remain limited Africa Asia. We describe development data-driven program from 2013 to 2019 Goa State, culminating 92% reduction monthly canine...
Cervical vertebral malformation is one of the most common causes ataxia in horses. The important factor diagnosis cervical identification canal stenosis, but published data for minimum sagittal diameter ratios adult horses are only available C4–C7 intravertebral sites. Intra‐ and intervertebral at C2–C7 were evaluated 26 ataxic horses, which a complete clinical neuropathological evaluation was undertaken. Eight these diagnosed with malformation. In majority compressive lesions...
Fasciolosis is common in UK beef cattle, but it unclear at what levels liver fluke burdens cause production losses. This study aimed to address these uncertainties by estimating the impact of infection on cattle productivity and investigating use diagnostic tests a quantitative manner. We built three linear regression models for slaughter age weight different measures status, while accounting sex, breed, season, year farm origin. Data were sourced from Scotland's largest red meat abattoir...
Many individual hosts are infected with multiple parasite species, and this may increase or decrease the pathogenicity of infections. This phenomenon is termed heterologous reactivity potentially an important determinant both patterns morbidity mortality impact disease control measures at population level. Using infections Theileria parva (a tick-borne protozoan, related to Plasmodium) in indigenous African cattle [where it causes East Coast fever (ECF)] as a model system, we obtain first...
The clinical and economic importance of fasciolosis has been recognised for centuries, yet diagnostic tests available cattle are far from perfect. Test evaluation mainly carried out using gold standard approaches or under experimental settings, the limitations which well known. In this study, a Bayesian no approach was used to estimate sensitivity specificity five in cattle. These included detailed liver necropsy including gall bladder egg count, faecal counting, commercially copro-antigen...
Canine transmitted rabies kills an estimated 59,000 people annually, despite proven methods for elimination through mass dog vaccination. Challenges in directing and monitoring numerous remote vaccination teams across large geographic areas remain a significant barrier to the up-scaling of focal programmes sub-national national level. Smartphone technology (mHealth) is increasingly being used enhance coordination efficiency public health initiatives developing countries, however examples...
Over 20 000 people die from rabies each year in India. At least 95 % of contract an infected dog. Annual vaccination over 70 the dog population has eliminated both canine and human many countries. Despite having highest burden world, there have been very few studies which reported successful, large scale dogs Furthermore, Indian programmes not achieved high vaccine coverage. In this study, we utilised a catch-vaccinate-release approach programme 18 wards Ranchi, Following vaccination,...
An estimated 60,000 people die of rabies annually. The vast majority cases human develop following a bite from an infected dog. Rabies can be controlled in both and canine populations through widespread vaccination dogs. is particularly problematic Malawi, costing the country 13 million USD 484 deaths annually, with increasing paediatric incidence Blantyre City. Consequently, aim this study was to vaccinate minimum 75% all dogs within city during one month period. Blantyre’s 25...
Previous studies of nonhuman primates have found relationships between health and individual differences in personality, behavior, social status. However, despite knowing these factors are intercorrelated, many focus only on a single measure, for example, rank. Consequently, it is difficult to determine the degree which independently associated with health. The present study sought untangle associations rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ). We studied 85 socially housed at Oregon California...
Brucellosis, leptospirosis and Q fever are important infections of livestock causing a range clinical conditions including abortions reduced fertility. In addition, they all zoonotic infecting those who work with consume related products such as milk, producing non-specific symptoms fever, that often misdiagnosed can lead to severe chronic disease. This study used banked sera from the Adamawa Region Cameroon investigate seroprevalences distributions seropositive animals herds. A classical...
Leptospirosis is a widespread but under-reported cause of morbidity and mortality. Global re-emergence leptospirosis has been associated with the growth informal urban settlements in which rodents are thought to be important reservoir hosts. Understanding multi-host epidemiology essential control prevent disease. A cross-sectional survey Kibera settlement Nairobi, Kenya was conducted September–October 2008 demonstrate presence pathogenic leptospires. real-time quantitative polymerase chain...
In natural populations, individuals may be infected with multiple distinct pathogens at a time. These act independently or interact each other and the host through various mechanisms, resultant varying outcomes on health survival. To study effects of their interactions survival, we followed 548 zebu cattle during first year life, determining infection clinical status every 5 weeks. Using combination signs observed before death, laboratory diagnostic test results, gross-lesions post-mortem...
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease. The pathogenesis he incompletely understood although ammonia inflammatory cytokines have been implicated as key mediators. To facilitate further mechanistic understanding the HE, a large number animal models developed which often involve surgical creation anastomosis between hepatic portal vein caudal vena cava. One most common congenital abnormalities dogs portosystemic shunt (cpss),...
In sub-Saharan Africa, livestock transhumance represents a key adaptation strategy to environmental variability. this context, seasonal also plays an important role in driving the dynamics of multiple infectious diseases. Cameroon, cattle is common practice during dry season across all main production zones. Currently, little recorded information migratory routes, grazing locations and nomadic herding practices adopted by pastoralists, limits our understanding pastoral movements country....
Background Dogs with a chronic enteropathy ( CE ) have lower vitamin D status, than do healthy dogs. Vitamin status has been associated negative clinical outcome in humans inflammatory bowel disease. Objectives To examine the relationship between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin (25( OH )D) concentrations at diagnosis and dogs . Animals Forty‐one diagnosed admitted to Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, Hospital for Small 2007 2013. Methods Retrospective review. Serum 25( )D were compared which...
Rabies has profound public health, social and economic impacts on developing countries, with an estimated 59,000 annual human rabies deaths globally. Mass dog vaccination is effective at eliminating the disease but remains challenging to achieve in India due high proportion of roaming dogs that cannot be readily handled for parenteral vaccination. Two methods could not injection were compared Goa, India; oral bait handout (OBH) method, where teams two travelled by scooter offering empty...
The accurate estimation of livestock weights is important for many aspects management including nutrition, production and appropriate dosing pharmaceuticals. Subtherapeutic has been shown to accelerate pathogen resistance which can have subsequent widespread impacts. There are a number published models the prediction live weight from morphometric measurements cattle, but these use difficult gather include complicated age, size gender stratification. In this paper, we data Infectious Diseases...
There is a need for an improved understanding of equine post operative ileus (POI), in terms both clinical definition and optimal management. Although the pharmacological strategies that are used to treat POI continue evolve, little known about supplementary prevent manage this condition.To report current diagnose, following emergency abdominal surgeries.Cross-sectional survey.An electronic survey invitation was sent by email 306 European college diplomates (European Colleges Equine Internal...