A5061135788- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Sex work and related issues
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Medicinal plant effects and applications
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Travel-related health issues
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
National Institute of Epidemiology
2014-2023
Premier Research Group
2023
Ottawa Fertility Centre
2020-2022
DRDO Young Scientist Laboratory
2020
University of Miami
2019
Indian Council of Medical Research
2014-2016
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
2004-2006
Hammersmith Hospital
1986
The University of Melbourne
1974
Florida Department of Health
1970
Nipah virus (NiV) encephalitis first reported in “Sungai Nipah” Malaysia 1999 has emerged as a global public health threat the Southeast Asia region. From 1998 to 2018, more than 630 cases of NiV human infections were reported. is transmitted by zoonotic (from bats humans, or from pigs, and then humans) well human-to-human routes. Deforestation urbanization some areas have contributed greater overlap between bat habitats resulting outbreaks. Common symptoms infection humans are similar that...
ABSTRACT Apophysomyces elegans was considered a rare but medically important zygomycete. We analyzed the clinical records of eight patients from single center in whom zygomycosis due to A. diagnosed over span 25 months. also attempted DNA-based method for rapid identification fungi and looked interstrain polymorphism using microsattelite primers. Three had cutaneous subcutaneous infections, three isolated renal involvement, one rhino-orbital tissue infection, final patient disseminated...
Despite therapeutic progress in treating cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease, inflammation with associated mucociliary dysfunction remains largely unaddressed. Inflammation reduces the activity of apically expressed large-conductance Ca
Within a 3-month countywide epidemic of measles in Jacksonville, Florida, 28 cases occurring among kindergarten enrollment 145 were carefully studied since 25 these children had been previously immunized with live, attenuated virus vaccine and immune globulin. Nineteen vaccinated prior to their first birthday. Six at 13 20 months age. The median (rubeola) hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titer sera five convalescent patients before birthday was 1:320 for complement fixation it...
Assessing the Plasmodium vivax burden in India is complicated by potential threat of an emerging chloroquine (CQ) resistant parasite population from neighbouring countries Southeast Asia. Chennai, capital Tamil Nadu and urban setting for P. southern India, was selected as a sentinel site investigating CQ efficacy sensitivity malaria. evaluated with 28-day vivo therapeutic study, while measured vitro drug susceptibility assay. In both studies, isolates also underwent molecular genotyping to...
A patient with acute promyelocytic leukaemia developed invasive aspergillosis post chemotherapy during a pancytopenic episode, clinically involving the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Dichotomously branched septate fungal hyphae were demonstrated microscopically in stools sputa. Cultures of samples yielded Aspergillus flavus, which identical by RFLP random amplification polymorphic DNA analyses antifungal MICs, proving disseminated disease. To best author's knowledge, this is first time...
Female sex workers (FSWs) who inject drugs (FSW-IDs) have a higher risk of HIV infection and transmission. Understanding the socio-demographic characteristics other behaviours among FSW-IDs will help in strengthening targeted interventions for prevention management. In present study, prevalence, associated FSWs injected those did not ID (FSW-NIDs) was determined India.The national cross-sectional, community-based, integrated biological behavioural surveillance conducted 2014-2015 at 73...
Pichia anomala is an emerging nosocomial pathogen and there a need for methods that distinguish between different P. strains. In the typing of several clinical as well non-clinical strains, sequence variation internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was found to be inadequate purposes. The intergenic 1 (IGS1) region rDNA strains therefore investigated in detail. IGS1 (which varied from 1213 1231 bp length) interspersed with repeats had more than ITS regions. Comparative analysis cases where by...
A hospital-based sentinel surveillance network for bacterial meningitis was established in India to estimate the burden of meningitis, and proportion major vaccine-preventable causative organisms. This report summarises findings conducted between March 2012, September 2016 eleven hospitals.We enrolled eligible children with age group one 59 months. CSF samples were collected processed biochemistry, culture, latex agglutination, real-time PCR. Pneumococcal isolates serotyped tested...
HIV prevalence is higher among Men who have Sex with (MSM), owing to their unsafe sexual behavior. Further, MSM indulge in behaviors such as consumption of alcohol/oral drugs and/or injecting during/before sex that poses the risk behaviors, thereby increasing vulnerability HIV. The study aims analyze factors associated infection multi-risk using any substances those do not use substances.Community-based cross-sectional survey design probability-based sampling between October 2014 and...
Background: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with (MSM) is 16.5 times higher than adult prevalence. With a socio cultural context that demands marriage, considerable proportion of MSM in India female sexual partners and act as bridge population. Stratified analysis risk factors homosexual bisexual will be instrumental identifying the high-risk MSM. We aim to identify socio-demographic behavioural associated MSM.
 Methods: Overall, 23081 were enrolled IBBS conducted across between...
India has a high burden of diabetic retinopathy ranging from 12.2% to 20.4% among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A T2DM management programme was initiated in the public sector Tamil Nadu. We estimated prevalence and its associated risk factors.We did cross-sectional survey attending two primary health centres for treatment follow-up Kancheepuram, Nadu January- March 2013. questionnaire-based survey, measured blood pressure biochemical parameters (serum creatinine, plasma...
The purpose of this study was to analyze trends in HIV prevalence and risk factors associated with infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics Odisha State, India.Data were from the Sentinel Surveillance (HSS) women, a descriptive cross-sectional using consecutive sampling method conducted India. Data samples collected select that act as designated sentinel sites India, during three months surveillance period years: 2013, 2015, 2017. All eligible aged between 15 49 years, for...
Periodic tracking of the trends and levels HIV prevalence at regional district helps to strengthen a state's HIV/AIDS response. among pregnant women is crucial for estimation general population. Karnataka one high states in India. Probing provides critical insights into district-level epidemic patterns. This paper analyzes region- district-wise attending antenatal clinics (ANC) from 2003 2019 Karnataka, South India.HIV data collected during Sentinel Surveillance (HSS) between was used trend...
People who inject drugs (PWID) are India’s third-largest vulnerable population to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. PWID in India confined certain geographic locations and exhibit varying injecting sexual risk behaviors, contributing considerably increasing HIV trends specific regions. Spatial heterogeneity factors among influences prevalence, transmission dynamics, disease management. Stratified analysis of prevalence based on behaviors will be instrumental strategic...
No cardiological signs or symptoms were seen in three patients with left atrial myxomas. The diagnosis was established by cross sectional echocardiography. In two this investigation performed to exclude a cardiac source of systemic emboli. third patient had constitutional only. All raised erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C reactive protein concentrations. the myxomas successfully excised; who presented massive peripheral central embolisation died during emergency operation. Cross...
IntroductionHIV Sentinel Surveillance (HSS) among pregnant women is a key indicator to estimate the HIV prevalence in general population, as nearly 85% of transmission India linked heterosexual route. Tracking levels and trends at state, regional, district help prioritize facilitate tailor-made intervention. Here, we analyze region district-wise attending antenatal clinics (ANC) from 2003 2019 Tamil Nadu.MethodsEleven rounds HSS data collected Nadu, were analysed. Consistent sites grouped...
The plant herb Artemisia annua (Qing Hao) has been used in China for over 400years to treat malaria disease, which a mostly higher prevalence the tropics where it is more endemic.Also, kill parasitic worms, as anti-microbial agents, and found non-medicinal uses United States Europe.The active anti-malarial compound A. called Artemisinin was isolated 1970s. Evidence of drug resistance by parasite based monotherapy some Southeast Asian countries propelled development introduction combination...
The National AIDS Control Programme provides support for HIV prevention services to pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics through testing, kit delivery, counseling, and treatment services. impact of programs in the general population is assessed by monitoring trends progress made against epidemic among ANC during Sentinel Surveillance (HSS).This study explores association risk with educational attainment Indian across different age groups from four repeated cross-sectional...