A5061183894- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2010-2023
Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute
2021-2023
Wisconsin Division of Public Health
2014
University of Jordan
2004
The cellular origin and molecular mechanisms regulating pigmentation of head neck are largely unknown. Melanocyte specification is controlled by the transcriptional activity Mitf, but no general logic has emerged to explain how Mitf progenitor activities consolidate melanocyte cell fates. We show that cranial melanocytes arise from at least two different sources: initially nerve-associated Schwann precursors (SCPs) later a source independent nerves. Unlike midbrain-hindbrain cluster which...
Abstract Background Hirschsprung's disease ( HSCR ) is a congenital condition in which enteric ganglia, formed from neural crest cells NCC ), are absent the terminal bowel. Dysmotility and constipation common features of that persist following surgical intervention. This persistence suggests portion colon remains postoperatively not able to support normal bowel function. To elucidate defects underlie this condition, we utilized murine model . Methods Mice with ‐specific deletion Ednrb were...
Hyperglycemia impacts different vascular cell functions and promotes the development progression of various vasculopathies including diabetic retinopathy. Although increased rate apoptosis in pericytes (PCs) has been linked to oxidative stress activation protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) SHP-1 (Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1) tyrosine phosphatase during diabetes, detailed mechanisms require further elucidation. Here we show that expression proapoptotic Bim were retinal PCs...
At present, few imprinted genes have been reported in cattle compared to human and mouse. Comparative expression analysis imprinting status are powerful tools for investigating the biological significance of genomic studying regulation mechanisms genes. The objective this study was assess pattern SLC38A4, NNAT, NAP1L5, H19 bovine tissues. A polymorphism-based approach used four a total 75 tissue types obtained from 12 fetuses their dams. In contrast mouse Slc38a4, which is tissue-specific...
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism that results in monoallelic expression of genes depending on parent-of-origin the allele. Although conservation genomic among mammalian species has been widely reported for many genes, there accumulating evidence some escape this conservation. Most known imprinted have identified mouse and human, with few cattle. Comparative analysis across would provide a powerful tool elucidating mechanisms regulating unique genes. In study we analyzed 22...
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss among elderly. Although pathogenesis AMD associated with retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and abnormal neovascularization detailed mechanisms remain unresolved. RPE a specialized monolayer epithelial cells important functions in ocular homeostasis. Pathological damage contributes to major conditions including irreversible AMD. also assist maintenance angiogenic balance by production positive negative...
The choroidal circulation plays a central role in maintaining the health of outer retina and photoreceptor function. Alterations this contribute to pathogenesis many eye diseases including exudative age-related macular degeneration. Unfortunately, very little is known about its molecular cellular regulation. This has been further hampered by lack methods for routine culturing endothelial cells (ChEC), especially from wild type transgenic mice. Here we describe method isolation mouse ChEC. We...
Both vagal and sacral neural crest cells contribute to the enteric nervous system in hindgut. Because it is difficult visualize independently of crest, nature extent contribution are not well established rodents. To overcome this problem we generated mice which only fluorescent protein-labeled present terminal colon. We found that were associated with extrinsic nerve fibers. investigated source, time appearance, characteristics fibers aganglionic observed pelvic ganglion neurons contributed...
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 is a heme-containing monooxygenase found mainly in extrahepatic tissues, including the retina. CYP1B1 substrates include exogenous aromatic hydrocarbons, such as dioxins, and endogenous bioactive compounds, 17β-estradiol (E2) arachidonic acid. The compounds their metabolites are mediators of various cellular physiological processes, suggesting that activity likely important maintaining proper tissue functions. We previously demonstrated lack expression associated...
Apoptosis plays a central role in developmental and pathological angiogenesis vessel regression. Bim is pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member that prominent both ocular regression, neovascularization. Endothelial cells (EC) pericytes (PC) each play unique roles during vascular development, maintenance We recently showed germline deletion of results persistent hyaloid vasculature, increased retinal density prevents regression response to hyperoxia. To determine whether attributable expression EC...
Impulsivity, the predisposition to act without regard for negative consequences, is a characteristic of several psychiatric disorders and thought result in part from genetic variation untranslated region dopamine transporter (DAT) gene. As exact link between mutations impulsivity has not been established, we used oculomotor behavior characterize rhesus monkeys as impulsive or calm genetic/epigenetic analysis positron emission tomography (PET) correlate phenotype DAT genotype, gene...
Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a condition abnormal retinal vascularization with reduced levels vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) causing vaso-obliteration (Phase I), followed by neovascularization from increased VEGF II). We hypothesized that intravitreal pro-angiogenic VEGF-A in microparticle form would promote earlier revascularization an oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.Materials and Methods: Wildtype mice (39) were exposed to 77% oxygen...
B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein is the founding member of a group proteins known to modulate apoptosis. Its discovery set stage for identification family members with either pro- or anti-apoptotic properties. Expression Bcl-2 plays an important role during angiogenesis by influencing not only vascular cell survival, but also migration and adhesion. Although apoptosis are postulated have roles remodeling regression, contribution continues emerge. We previously noted that impaired retinal...
Adenosine signaling modulates ocular inflammatory processes, and its antagonism mitigates neovascularization in both newborns preclinical models of including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The adenosine receptor expression patterns have not been well characterized the human retina choroid.Here we examined subtypes within choroid donor eyes with without AMD. Antibodies specifically targeting A1, A2A, A2B, A3 were used to assess their patterns. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was...
Imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner under epigenetic regulation. Although it is generally believed that genomic imprinting conserved among mammalian species, there accumulating evidence suggests such an assumption false. Identification of species-specific imprinted necessary to understand the evolution and elucidate mechanisms leading allele-specific expression. In this study, we analyzed status CD81, target antiproliferation antibody 1...
Flow cytometry utilizes signals from fluorescent markers to separate targeted cell populations for gene expression studies. However, the stress of FACS process could change normal profiles. RNAlater be used stop such changes in original profiles through its ability denature RNase and other proteins. The conformational structure proteins must maintained order fluoresce. Whether or not would affect different types intrinsic is crucial use flow cytometry; this question has been investigated...
Imprinted genes are expressed monoallelically because one of the two copies is silenced epigentically in a parent-of-origin pattern. This pattern expression controlled by differential marking parental alleles DNA methylation and chromatin modifications, including both suppressive permissive histone acetylation methylation. Suppressive modifications mark imprinted genes, while active alleles, suggesting possibility that would show upregulation gene expression. However, it currently unknown...
The visualization of choroidal vasculature and innate immune cells in the eyes pigmented mice has been challenging due to presence a retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer separating choroid retina. Here, we established methods for visualizing macrophages, mast cells, albino using cell type-specific staining. We were able visualize arterial venous systems. An circle around optic nerve was found similar Zinn–Haller that exists humans primates. Three different structural patterns...