Seed quality testing is crucial for ensuring food security and stability. To accurately detect the germination status of corn seeds during paper medium test, this study proposes a seed detection model based on YOLO v8n (CSGD-YOLO). Initially, to alleviate complexity encountered in conventional models, lightweight spatial pyramid pooling fast (L-SPPF) structure engineered enhance representation features. Simultaneously, module dubbed Ghost_Detection, leveraging GhostConv architecture, devised...

Abstract In recent years, Bacillus species have received considerable attention for the biological control of many fungal diseases. this study, amyloliquefaciens Q‐426 was tested its potential use against a variety plant pathogens. Our screen genes involved in biosynthesis antifungal agents revealed that fen and bmy gene clusters are present genome. Lipopeptides such as bacillomycin D, fengycin A, B were purified from bacterial culture broth subsequently identified by ESI‐mass spectrometry....

This research aimed to improve selection of pepper seeds for separating high-quality from low-quality seeds. Past has shown that seed vigor is significantly related the color and size, thus several physical features were identified as candidate predictors high quality. Image recognition software was used automate feature quality using 400 kernels cultivar 101. In addition, binary logistic regression a neural network applied determine models with predictive value germination. Single-kernel...

Background/Aims: Estradiol (EST) reduces the risk of stroke and decreases incidence progression disease because its neuroprotective roles in inhibiting cell death that occurs response to a variety neuronal stimuli such as inflammation oxidative stress. In this study, we determined role played by autophagy Nrf2-ARE signal pathways hippocampus regions modulating cerebral ischemia under different EST conditions. Methods: Western blot analysis ELISA were used determine protein expression...

Mechanical threshing used when preparing maize seeds for planting subjects seed to damage and reduces quality. The purpose of this study was assess the effect mechanical on quality threshed at different moisture contents (MCs). Seeds dent JK968 flint DD2 were 12, 15, 18, 21, 24% MC. degree determined by iodine staining, vigor assessed standard germination (SG), cold test (CTG), accelerated aging (AAG), seedling emergence rate, root shoot length. results showed that percentage increased,...

Deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin) is the most common mycotoxin in cereals and grains. DON contamination can cause a serious health threat to humans farm animals. has been reported exert significant toxicity effects on male reproductive system. However, causes mechanisms underlying efforts of sperm testicular damage remain largely unclear. In present study, we thoroughly investigated this issue. Eighty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group ( n = 40) treatment (2.4 mg/kg body...

T-2 toxin, as a highly toxic mycotoxin to humans and animals, induces oxidative stress apoptosis in various cells tissues. Apoptosis mitochondrial fusion/fission are two tightly interconnected processes that crucial for maintaining physiological homeostasis. However, the role of toxin remains unknown. Hence, we aimed explore putative on induced normal human liver (HL-7702) cells. treatment (0, 0.1, 1.0, or 10 μg/L) 24 h caused decreased cell viability ATP concentration increased production...

Abstract Crop performance is seriously affected by high salt concentrations in soils. To develop improved seed pre-sowing treatment technologies, it crucial to improve the tolerance of germination. Here, we isolated and identified strain Bacillus sp. MGW9 developed biostimulant MGW9. The effects biopriming with maize ( Zea mays L.) under saline conditions were studied. results show that has characteristics such as tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution, indole-3-acetic acid...

Abstract Abiotic stresses, including cold and drought, negatively affect maize ( Zea mays L.) seed field emergence later yield quality. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of resistance abiotic stress at germination, global transcriptome high- vigour variety Zhongdi175 exposed cold- drought- was analyzed by RNA-seq. comparison between control different stressed sample, 12,299 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, which 9605 7837 DEGs identified under stress,...

In China, Fusarium pseudograminearum has emerged as a major pathogen causing crown rot (FCR) and caused significant losses. Studies on the pathogen’s properties, especially its mating type trichothecene chemotypes, are critical with respect to disease epidemiology food/feed safety. There currently few available reports these issues. This study investigated species composition, idiomorphs, genotypes of spp. FCR in Henan, China. A shift F. pseudograminearum-induced was found present study. Of...

Aspergillus flavus and the produced aflatoxins cause great damage to crop production, food security, human health. The control of A. in grains during storage is a challenge humans worldwide. In this study, we investigated potential strain TR-18, isolated from rhizosphere tea plants, controlling aflatoxins. results demonstrated that TR-18 greatly inhibited growth dual cultural tests by production antifungal volatiles. was identified as Flavobacterium johnsoniae through biochemical analysis...

Co-contamination of multiple mycotoxins in feed has become one the most important issues world. In this study, characteristics and interactions co-contamination among 15 were explored dairy cow feed, including total mixed ration (TMR), silage, maize, hay feed. The results showed that four feeds constantly contaminated with mycotoxins, zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisins (FBs), deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin A (OTA), T-2 toxin (T-2), aflatoxins (AFs). contamination level each mycotoxin was low,...

The resource utilization of agricultural waste is an important way to achieve the green transformation agriculture. Based on micro-survey data from 701 farmers in Jiangsu Province, this paper constructs a binary logistic model explore how farmers’ social trust affects their decisions regarding utilization. It also examines moderating effect environmental regulation policies between two. results show that has significant positive impact behavior. Secondly, guiding positively moderate...

In 2023, a survey of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and crown rot (FCR) was undertaken in the Huanghuai wheat growing region, China (Zhang et al. 2024). The 10 symptomatic whole plants were obtained from commercial field Suzhou City (33.639811 °N, 117.089560 °E), Anhui province. Fusarium-like colonies consistently isolated spikelets (9 strains) basal stem (1 strain), resulting monoconidial strains as previously described morphology (colony, pigment, macroconidia shape) these ten consistent with...

Many toxigenic fungi are devastating pathogens of crop, fruit, and vegetable diseases worldwide [...]

Fusarium graminearum clade pathogens cause head blight (FHB) or scab of wheat and other small cereal grains, producing different kinds trichothecene mycotoxins that are detrimental to human domestic animals. Type B such as deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON) nivalenol (NIV) the principal reported in China, well countries. A genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) predict chemotypes was developed based on structural gene sequences Tri13 genes...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a major mycotoxin with high toxicity that often contaminates grains, foods and feeds. The traditional approaches for DON removal are difficult to meet industry agriculture demands due the stability of molecule. Therefore, there an urgent need develop green effective strategies degradation. In this study, batch photocatalytic nanomaterials cerium (Ce) doped titanium dioxide (TiO

Abstract A recently isolated Fusarium population from maize in Belgium was identified as a new species, temperatum . From survey of species associated with ear rot nineteen provinces 2009 China, ten strains Guizhou and Hubei were F. Morphological molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the DNA sequences individual translation elongation factor 1‐alpha β‐tubulin genes revealed that recovered isolates produced macroconidia typical four‐septate foot‐shaped basal cell belonged to is distinctly...