Birth weight has emerged as the leading indicator of infant health and welfare central focus policy. This is because low birth (LBW) infants experience severe developmental difficulties that can impose enormous costs on society. But would prevention LBW generate equally sizable cost savings improvements? Estimates return to LBWprevention from cross-sectional associations may be biased by omitted variables cannot influenced policy, such genetic factors. To address this, we compare hospital...

• As part of a prospective clinicopathologic study, cohort 105 "normal" elderly volunteers was investigated with computed tomographic scans, psychometric testing (Extended Scale for Dementia [ESD]) and neurologic examination. Computed scans were evaluated the presence or absence white matter lucencies, termed<i>leuko-araiosis</i>. These are defined as patchy diffuse areas decreased attenuation involving only no change in adjacent ventricles sulci. The nine controls leuko-araiosis had lower...

In the single-IV model, researchers commonly rely on t-ratio-based inference, even though literature has quantified its potentially severe large-sample distortions. Building Stock and Yogo (2005), we introduce tF critical value function, leading to a standard error adjustment that is smooth function of first-stage F-statistic. For one-quarter specifications in 61 AER papers, corrected errors are at least 49 136 percent larger than conventional 2SLS 5 1 significance levels, respectively....

A series of patients referred to the University Western Ontario, London, Dementia Study for investigation possible dementia underwent computed tomographic scans, psychometric testing (Extended Scale [ESD]), and neurologic examination. Thirty-nine 113 studied (ischemic score, less than or equal 4) were found have leuko-araiosis, which we defined as patchy diffuse lucencies in white matter. Patients with leuko-araiosis had significantly lower mean scores on ESD, 109.7 +/- 61.2, compared 148.5...

This paper examines morphometry of MRI biomarkers derived from the network temporal lobe structures including amygdala, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in subjects with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on template-centered population analysis, it is demonstrated that structural markers are statistically significantly different between controls those AD. Entorhinal most strongly significant based linear effects model (p < .0001) for high-dimensional vertex- Laplacian-based...

OBJECTIVE Extracranial meningioma metastases are uncommon, occurring in less than 1% of patients diagnosed with meningioma. Due to the rarity metastases, not routinely screened for distant disease. In this series, we report their experience and results screening select recurrent meningiomas. METHODS All undergoing resection or stereotactic radiosurgery primary from 2009 2017 at a single center were retrospectively reviewed identify who underwent imaging evaluate systemic metastases. Imaging...

Anterior communicating artery (A-comm) aneurysm is one of the most common intracranial aneurysms. Treatments include neurosurgical clipping or endovascular embolization.To retrospectively examine long-term results Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization incidental A-comms, with a focus on stent-associated stenosis, angiographic occlusion outcome, delayed stent-related thromboembolus, subsequent subarachnoid hemorrhage from treated aneurysm, and procedural complications.Between January 7,...

This article examines the diffeomorphometry of magnetic resonance imaging-derived structural markers for amygdala, in subjects with symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using linear mixed-effects models we show differences between those AD and controls. Based on template centered population analysis, distribution statistically significant change is seen both volume shape amygdala compared We find that high-dimensional vertex based are more significantly discriminating (p < 0.00001) than...

Skull base meningiomas are surgically challenging tumors due to the intricate skull anatomy and proximity of cranial nerves critical cerebral vasculature. Many studies have reported outcomes after primary resection meningiomas; however, little is known about reoperation for recurrent meningiomas. Since one treatment option patients with meningioma, authors sought define risk profile

Objective To evaluate whether electrocochleography (ECochG)-guided pull-back of the perimodiolar electrode improves proximity, hearing preservation (HP), and cochlear implant performance. Study Design Prospective cohort study Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients 77 adult CI recipients with residual acoustic (low-frequency pure-tone average 125, 250, 500 Hz; LFPTA ≤80 dB HL) Intervention Unilateral implantation, comparing conventional insertion (N = 31) ECochG-guided 46). The guided...

Objective Evaluate variable qualification criteria for cochlear implant (CI) recipients and 12-month speech perception outcomes. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting HERMES national database nonoverlapping single-institution CI database. Patients A total of 2,124 adult unilateral categorized by qualifying status: AzBio in quiet (n = 1,239), +10 dB SNR (but not quiet; n 519), +5 or SNR; 366); CNC ≤40% 1,037), 41% to 50% 31), 51% 60% 20). Interventions CI. Main Outcome Measures...

To assess whether postoperative speech recognition after cochlear implantation (CI) differ between age groups of 80 to 89 and 90+. Retrospective cohort study. Tertiary academic referral center. Older adult (80+ years old) bilateral sensorineural hearing loss patients undergoing CI. Therapeutic, Speech testing battery at 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively. Self-reported balance vertigo symptoms were also assessed. A total 221 included in this study, with 171 cases ages 50 ≥90 old. 60.3% had an...

Neural activity in the delta range (1.0-4.5 Hz) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is crucial for brain plasticity and overall health. Recent research has shown that changes NREM can occur locally, vary across different regions. Ischemic stroke results focal injury long-term disability. While disruption acute phase of known to hinder recovery, relationship between region-specific functional recovery remains poorly understood. To investigate these localized with high spatial...

PURPOSE: To retrospectively investigate regional in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging transverse and longitudinal relaxation rates at 3.0 T neonatal brain, the relationship between these rates, their potential use for gray matter (GM) versus white (WM) tissue discrimination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Informed parental consent performance of procedures was obtained each infant. retrospective image analysis not required; ethics approval from institutional review board. At T, R1 R2 were...

This paper examines MRI analysis of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) a network structures within the medial temporal lobe using diffeomorphometry methods coupled with high-field atlasing which entorhinal cortex is partitioned into eight subareas. The morphometry markers for three groups subjects (controls, preclinical AD, and symptomatic AD) are indexed to template coordinates measured respect these location timing changes examined subareas as it pertains classic Braak staging...

Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent that causes debilitating high-frequency hearing loss. No targeted therapies currently exist to treat cisplatin ototoxicity, partly because the underlying mechanisms of cisplatin-induced hair cell damage are not completely defined. Zebrafish may offer key insights ototoxicity their lateral-line organ contains cells remarkably similar those within cochlea but optically accessible, permitting observation injury in live intact cells. In this...

Depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance abuse are linked to higher rates of morbidity mortality after various surgical procedures. Comparable data in general surgery lacking. Records from 183 consecutive patients undergoing elective procedures at a single tertiary hospital were reviewed. Patients with depression, PTSD, or any combination these the time classified as having “active mental illness” (AMI). Thirty-day complications, readmissions, emergency room...

1) To determine the relationship of electrocochleography (ECochG) responses measured on promontory with at round window (RW) and various intracochlear sites. 2) evaluate if ECochG correlate postoperative speech-perception performance using cochlear implant (CI).Prospective cohort study.Tertiary referral center.Ninety-six adult CI recipients no malformations or previous otologic surgery.Acoustically evoked were intraoperatively both extracochlear locations. total response (ECochG-TR), a...

Due to anatomic features, including wide necks and incorporation of important branches, endovascular coiling middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms has proved challenging. Stent assisted embolization may increase the likelihood successful treatment.Consecutive patients undergoing stent coil utilizing Neuroform from 2004 2009 were identified by hospital billing records. Procedural clinical information-including procedure related mortality morbidity long term outcomes-were then obtained...

Lymphedema is a clinically incurable disease that occurs commonly after lymph node dissection and/or irradiation. Several studies have recently demonstrated extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) could promote lymphangiogenesis associated with expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C. This research concerned primarily the synergistic effect ESWT combined VEGF-C incorporated hydrogel (VEGF-C hydrogel) combination for promoting and ultimately alleviating lymphedema.The was...