A5023665827- Global Peace and Security Dynamics
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Sinusitis and nasal conditions
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Head and Neck Surgical Oncology
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- Peacebuilding and International Security
- Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Political and Economic history of UK and US
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- School Choice and Performance
- Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Economic Theory and Policy
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
1998-2025
Mercy Medical Center
2025
University of Pittsburgh
2017-2024
Stanford University
2023
Walsh College
2018-2022
Northwood University
2018
California State Polytechnic University
2010-2018
University of Leicester
2001
American University
1998
United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee
1998
Abstract Background While the widespread initiation of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) has led to dramatic clinical improvements among persons with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), little is known about how ETI affects respiratory mucosal inflammatory and physiochemical environment, or these changes relate lung function. Methods We performed a prospective, longitudinal study adults CF chronic rhinosinusitis (CF‐CRS) followed at our center ( n = 18). Endoscopic upper tract (paranasal sinus)...
Today, more than 90% of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are eligible for the highly effective transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy called elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) and its use is widespread. Given drastic respiratory symptom improvement experienced by many post-ETI, clinical studies already underway to reduce number therapies, including antibiotic regimens, that pwCF historically relied on combat lung disease progression. Early suggest bacterial burden...
Background Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays an important role in mediating the type-2-inflammatory response. This study examined how TSLP and interleukin (IL)-4 levels patients with chronic rhinosinusitis nasal polyps (CRSwNP) correlated clinical postoperative outcomes. Methods Solid-phase sandwich ELISA was used to analyze IL-4 mucus (n = 47), plasma 17), polyp 30), inferior 25), middle 26) turbinate tissue collected during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) CRSwNP 76)...
Little is known about the role of environmental exposures in pathophysiology chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In this study, we measured impact air pollutants (particulate matter 2.5 [PM2.5 ] and black carbon [BC]) on CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) without (CRSsNP).Spatial modeling from pollutant monitoring sites was used to estimate surrounding residences for patients meeting inclusion criteria (total patients, n = 234; CRSsNP, 96; CRSwNP, 138). Disease severity outcome measures included...
There has been little investigation regarding air quality and rhinitis in the pathophysiology of upper airway disease. In this study, we assessed impact inhalant pollutants (particulate matter 2.5 [PM2.5 ] black carbon [BC]) on allergic chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease severity.CRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) without (CRSsNP) were identified. Spatial modeling from pollutant monitoring sites was used to estimate exposures for meeting inclusion criteria (total, n = 125; CRSsNP, 67;...
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a significant manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF) with wide‐ranging symptom and disease severity. The goal the study was to determine clinical variables that correlate outcome measures Methods A prospective, longitudinal, observational 33 adults symptomatic CRS treated in CF‐focused otolaryngology clinic performed. Symptom severity, presence exacerbations, endoscopic appearance were assessed, regression analysis used predictors outcome. Results...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa notoriously adapts to the airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF), yet how infection-site biogeography and associated evolutionary processes vary as lifelong infections progress remains unclear. Here we test hypothesis that early adaptations promoting aggregation influence evolutionary-genetic trajectories by examining longitudinal P. from sinuses six adults CF. Highly host-adapted lineages harbored mutator genotypes displaying signatures genome degradation recent...
The cystic fibrosis (CF) respiratory tract harbors pathogenic bacteria that cause life-threatening chronic infections. Of these, Pseudomonas aeruginosa becomes increasingly dominant with age and is associated worsening lung function declining microbial diversity. We aimed to understand why P. dominates over other pathogens disease. Here, we show responds dynamic changes in iron concentration, often viral infection pulmonary exacerbations, become more competitive via expression of the TseT...
Background Previous work has shown that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) severity may be associated with particulate matter 2.5 (PM ) and black carbon (BC) in CRS patients without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Data regarding occupational exposures, however, are lacking. We assessed the impact of PM , BC, as well airborne exposure on disease severity. Methods Patients (CRSwNP), CRSsNP, aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory (AERD) were identified from an institutionwide database. Spatial modeling 37 pollutant...
Abstract Piketty and Saez (2003) found a pronounced U-curve pattern of American income inequality since 1917, displaying precipitous decline during World War II to level that would hold until 1980. We offer revisions their estimates prior 1960 with three important findings. First, overstate levels in this period. Second, the was smaller than depicted. Third, Great Depression, rather II, played more significant role. These findings indicate need re-evaluate commonly held assumptions about...
ABSTRACT Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) for most affected individuals but effects on sinus microbiota are still unknown. Changes to airway in CF associated with disease state and alterations bacterial community after ETI initiation may require changes clinical management regimens. We collected swab samples from middle meatus an observational study 38 adults chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) 2017 2021 captured therapy....
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common, yet underreported and understudied manifestation of upper respiratory disease in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Recently developed standard care guidelines for the management CF CRS suggest treatment airway may ameliorate lower disease. We sought to determine whether changes sinus microbial community diversity specific taxa known cause lung are associated increased inflammation. performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing, supplemented cytokine analyses,...
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a cost-effective, noninvasive point-of-care test that has proven valuable in identifying patients with lower airway inflammation and predicting the likelihood of responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroid therapy asthma. The utility FeNO upper disease, specifically CRS, remains be determined.The goal this study was whether could serve as marker sinonasal mucosal CRS patients.FeNO obtained using analyzer (NIOX VERO) well nasal mucus, 22-item Sinonasal...
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous γ-herpesvirus with latent and lytic cycles. EBV replicates in the stratified epithelium but nasopharynx also composed of pseudostratified distinct cell types. Latent infection associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, we show conditionally reprogrammed cells cultured at air-liquid interface that epithelial are susceptible to infection. Donors varied susceptibility de novo infection, cultures displayed differences respect pathogenesis. The from...
Air pollution directly interacts with airway mucosa, yet little is known about how pollutants affect upper inflammation. Studies have shown increased incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), rhinitis, and asthma in areas higher traffic pollution, these neighborhoods are often associated lower socioeconomic status (SES). The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) assesses neighborhood-level SES by zip code. purpose this study was to assess the relationship between exposure inhaled CRS disease...
Objective Understanding of how specific mutations impact the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein has given rise to classification CF patients into low‐risk and high‐risk genotypes. Few prior studies have investigated differences in sinonasal disease between This multi‐institutional review aimed evaluate radiographic sinus severity based on genotype. Methods A was conducted adult with evaluated 2005 2017 at three academic institutions. Data including age,...
Purpose : To identify disabilities and to determine their prevalence, age of onset perceived cause in one urban three rural areas Northern Ethiopia. Method A community based cross-sectional study households that were selected by systematic sampling. Trained enumerators identified individuals with physical or epilepsy who 5 years older. Results The overall prevalence disability 4214 was 4.9%. more common forms walking difficulty (1.7%), loss vision both eyes (1.5%), hand dysfunction (0.8%)...
Objectives To identify whether TIM‐3 expression is present in the mast cell population within nasal polyps and to determine its correlation with clinical severity patients chronic rhinosinusitis polyposis. Study Design Basic science, translational study. Setting Nasal polyp tissue collected from seen at a tertiary care hospital (2015‐2016). Subjects Methods obtained during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (n = 24) was enzymatically digested into epithelial stromal fractions. Viable cells...
Elevated IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, and CCL2 correlate with lower UPSIT scores in CRS AERD patients. TNF-α, CCL2, CXCL-8 higher SNOT-22