Stroke is one of the common diseases that pose a severe threat to human health, with immune cells playing crucial role in its onset and recovery. However, specific mechanisms causal relationships different cell groups various clinical stroke subtypes are unclear. This study explored relationship between using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Data from genome-wide association studies were analyzed inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, median methods for MR analysis, along...

ABSTRACT Background Although the role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in muscle mass and strength is well established, effects (VD) on remain controversial due to various factors. Herein, influence sex VD function underlying reasons was explored. Methods Male female Sod1 gene knockout (SKO) mice, serving as a model for skeletal atrophy, were treated with active analogue calcipotriol, RNA sequencing employed investigate this potential signalling pathway. The National Health Nutrition Examination...

Abstract Background Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) represents a hereditary neuromuscular disorder characterized by an incomplete pathological understanding and lack of effective therapeutic interventions. This study aimed to investigate the advancement CMT research, anticipate its developmental trajectory, offer insights for development endeavors. Results Bibliometric data articles published from January 2000 December 2023 were downloaded five databases: Scopus, Embase, Web Science,...

Abstract Background The cochlear sympathetic system plays a key role in auditory function and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is well-documented process NIHL. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effects superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx) on NIHL Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods We explored unilateral bilateral Superior Cervical Ganglion (SCG) ablation eight-ten weeks old rats both sexes Auditory was evaluated by...

The etiology and pathomechanism of schizophrenia are unknown. traditional dopamine (DA) hypothesis is unable to fully explain its pathology therapeutics. glutamate (Glu) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) hypotheses suggest Glu or GABA concentrations abnormal in the brains patients with schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) show level increases ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) including anterior cingulated (ACC) those schizophrenia.To investigate function system (glutamate acid)...

Platinum electrodes are critical components in many biomedical devices, an important example being implantable neural stimulation or recording electrodes. However, upon implantation, scar tissue forms around the electrode surface, causing unwanted deterioration of electrical contact. We demonstrate that sub-monolayer coatings platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) applied to 3D by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) can enhance electrode's active surface area and significantly lower its impedance. In...

Abnormality in the concentration and functioning of gamma-aminobutyric acid (γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA) brain is not only an important hypothetical link to cause schizophrenia but it may also be correlated with cognitive decline negative symptoms schizophrenia. Studies utilizing high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) report abnormal density GABA ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) patients chronic schizophrenia, these results confounded by study participants' prior use...

Stimuli-responsive photonic crystals (PCs) trigged by light would provide a novel intuitive and quantitative method for noninvasive detection. Inspired the flame-detecting aptitude of fire beetles hierarchical structures butterfly wings, we herein developed near-infrared stimuli-responsive PCs through coupling photothermal Fe3O4 nanoparticles with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), structured wing scales as template. The within 10 s transferred radiation into heat that...

Transient white matter lesions have been rarely reported in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1.We describe a 15-year-old boy who presented transient and recurrent weakness of the limbs for 5 days. His mother, his mother's mother sister pes cavus. MRI electrophysiology were performed proband. Gap junction protein beta l gene was analyzed by PCR-sequencing proband parents. The electrophysiological studies showed mixed demyelinating axonal sensorimotor neuropathy. internal capsule,...

Previous neuroimaging studies have shown the hemodynamic effect of either preconditioning or postconditioning anesthesia in ischemic stroke model. However, anesthetic hemodynamics during and immediately after modeling surgery remains unknown due to lack appropriate anesthesia-free model intraoperative imaging technology. In present study, we utilized our recently developed photothrombotic focal cerebral ischemia conscious freely moving rats, investigated transient changes with without...

Rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model is commonly used in stroke research. Creating a stable infarct volume has always been challenging for technicians due to the variances of animal anatomy and surgical operations. The depth filament suture advancement strongly influences as well. We investigated blood flow (CBF) changes affected cortex using laser speckle contrast imaging when advancing during MCAO surgery. relative CBF drop area (CBF50, i.e., percentage with less than 50%...

The study of hemodynamic and vascular changes following ischemic stroke is great importance in the understanding physiological pathological processes during thrombus formation. photothrombosis model preferred by researchers for its minimal invasiveness, controllable infarct volume lesion location. Nevertheless, there a lack high spatiotemporal resolution techniques real time monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF) 2D-profile. In this study, we implemented microscopic laser speckle imaging (LSI)...

Behavioral experiments have demonstrated that long-term physical exercise can be beneficial for learning and memory dysfunction caused by neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood due to a lack of sufficient pertinent biochemical evidence. We investigated potential effect on cognition hippocampal gene protein expression changes transgenic AD mouse model. Following twenty weeks treadmill exercise, mice showed improvement...

Objective The objective was to explore the possible relationship between serum vitamin D level and olfactory impairment in a population of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients Guizhou, China.

Abstract Spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4), caused by SPAST mutations, is the most predominant subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Most documented SPG4 patients present as pure form, with complex form rarely reported. We described clinical and genetic features 20 phenotypes further explored genotype–phenotype correlations. collected detailed data all assessed their phenotypes. gene mutations were identified Multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification in combination whole exome...

To develop a practical method to enable 3D T

The perturbed structure and function of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), instead the amyloid cascade, have been gradually proposed to play a basic role in pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). Notably, autophagy inhibition is one main mechanisms MAM dysfunction plays an important neuronal injury. However, upstream molecular mechanism underlying dysfunctions remains elusive. Here, we defined unexpected critical connexin43 (Cx43) regulating structure. expression levels Cx43...

Directly modulating targeted cortical function, brain stimulation provides promising techniques for stroke intervention. However, the cellular level mechanisms underlying preserved neurovascular function remains unclear. Optogenetics a cell-specific approach to modulate neuronal activity. This study aims investigate whether exclusive excitation of sensorimotor neurons using optogenetics in an acute can protect and reduce infarct size.Sensorimotor were transfected with channelrhodopsin-2...

Abstract Prolonged stress induces neural maladaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system and produces emotional behavioral disorders. However, effects of on activity DA neurons are diverse complex that hinge type, duration, intensity, controllability stressors. Here, controlling type stressors to be identical, we observed stressor substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) mice. We found both lack loss control (LOC) over shock enhance basal intrinsic excitability SNc via modulation I h...