A5084142707- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Data Quality and Management
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Electronic Health Records Systems
- Healthcare Systems and Technology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
University of Cape Town
1969-2025
Western Cape Department of Health
2018-2025
Impact Assessment
2020-2021
Directorate of Health
2021
National Health Laboratory Service
2014-2020
Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa
2018
National Research Foundation
2016
Epidemic Intelligence Service
2016
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016
Wellcome Trust
2016
Risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) death in sub-Saharan Africa and the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tuberculosis on COVID-19 outcomes are unknown.We conducted a population cohort study using linked data from adults attending public-sector health facilities Western Cape, South Africa. We used Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted age, sex, location, comorbidities, to examine associations between HIV, tuberculosis, 1 March 9 June 2020 among (1) "active...
The objective was to compare COVID-19 outcomes in the Omicron-driven fourth wave with prior waves Western Cape, assess contribution of undiagnosed infection differences a context high seroprevalence due and determine whether protection against severe disease conferred by and/or vaccination maintained.
The Western Cape Provincial Health Data Centre (PHDC) consolidates person-level clinical data across government services, leveraging sustained investments in patient registration systems, a unique identifier, and maturation of administrative digital health systems.The PHDC supports care directly through tools for clinicians which integrate or identify patients need interventions, indirectly supporting operational epidemiological analyses.The is housed entirely within government. are...
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) has been massively scaled up to decrease human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related morbidity, mortality, and HIV transmission. However, despite documented increases in ART coverage, morbidity mortality have remained substantial. This study describes trends the numbers characteristics of patients with very advanced disease Western Cape, South Africa. Annual cross-sectional snapshots CD4 distributions were described over 10 years, derived from a province-wide...
We aimed to compare COVID-19 outcomes in the Omicron-driven fourth wave with prior waves Western Cape, contribution of undiagnosed infection differences a context high seroprevalence due infection, and whether protection against severe disease conferred by and/or vaccination was maintained.
a b s t r c Objectives: We aimed to compare the clinical severity of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 infection with BA.1 and earlier variant infections among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Western Cape, South Africa, using timing infer lineage/variant causing infection.Methods: included public sector patients aged ≥20 years COVID-19 between May 01-May 21, 2022 (BA.4/BA.5 wave) equivalent previous wave periods.We compared risk waves (i) death (ii) severe hospitalization/death (all within 21 days...
Objectives: Increased risk of morbidity and hospitalization has been observed in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) compared with HIV-unexposed (HUU). Studies the era universal maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) limited. Design: Prospective cohort. Methods: We investigated between 29 days 12 months life a South African cohort infants born February 2017 January 2019 (HEU = 455; HUU 458). All mothers known HIV during pregnancy received ART. reviewed hospital records classified...
Data on tuberculosis (TB) incidence and risk factors among children living with HIV (CLHIV) in the universal ART era are limited.
The relation between breastfeeding and childhood cognitive development was examined in 1991-1993 among 439 school-age children weighing <1,500 g when born the United States 1991 1993. Measures of function included overall intellectual function, verbal ability, visual-spatial visual-motor skill, memory. Higher test scores for each domain except memory were observed who breastfed directly. After covariate adjustment home environment, maternal a composite measure parental education occupation,...
Background. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen often associated with nosocomial infections. A suspected outbreak of K. isolates, exhibiting reduced susceptibility to carbapenem antibiotics, was detected during the month May 2012 among patients admitted a haematology unit tertiary academic hospital in Cape Town, South Africa (SA). Objectives. An investigation done determine possible epidemiological links between case and describe mechanisms resistance these bacterial isolates....
Background: Screening for serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) may identify those at risk disseminated disease (DCD), and preemptive fluconazole treatment prevent progression to DCD. In August 2012, the Western Cape Province (WC), South Africa, adopted provider-initiated CrAg screening. We evaluated implementation effectiveness of this large-scale public-sector program during its first year, September 1, 2012–August 31, 2013. Methods: used data from African National Health Laboratory Service,...
We aimed to compare clinical severity of Omicron BA.4/BA.5 infection with BA.1 and earlier variant infections among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in the Western Cape, South Africa, using timing infer lineage/variant causing infection.
IntroductionThe Patient Master Index (PMI) plays an important role in management of patient information and epidemiological research, the availability unique identifiers improves accuracy when linking records across disparate datasets. In our environment, however, a identifier is seldom present all datasets containing information. Quasi are used to attempt link but sometimes higher risk over-linking. Data quality completeness thus affect ability make correct linkages. AimThis paper describes...
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in infants born a homogeneous group women with severe preeclampsia before 34 weeks' gestation and who had absent end-diastolic umbilical artery Doppler flow (AEDF) or normal velocities (NUFV). A total 242 were entered into study. mean birth weight 1260.5 g (SD = 339) gestational age 30.5 weeks 2.0). Sixty-eight (28%) AEDF, 43 (18%) between 95th 99th per-centile, 131 (54%) NUFV. Forty-one developed NEC, whom...
The Patient Master Index (PMI) plays an important role in management of patient information and epidemiological research, the availability unique identifiers improves accuracy when linking records across disparate datasets. In our environment, however, a identifier is seldom present all datasets containing information. Quasi are used to attempt link but sometimes higher risk over-linking. Data quality completeness thus affect ability make correct linkages.This paper describes record linkage...
Every person diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) needs to initiate treatment. The World Health Organization estimated that 61% of people who developed TB in 2021 were included a treatment registration system. Initial loss follow-up (ILTFU) is the persons care between diagnosis and initiation/registration. LINKEDin, quasi-experimental study, evaluated effect 2 interventions (hospital recording an alert-and-response patient management intervention) 6 subdistricts across 3 high-TB burden provinces...
Objectives: Infants who are HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) compared with unexposed (HUU) have an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes, morbidity and hospitalization. In the era universal maternal antiretroviral treatment, there few insights into patterns neonatal specifically. Design: A prospective cohort study. Methods: We hospitalizations among infants were HEU ( n = 463) vs. HUU 466) born between 2017 2019 to a pregnant women from large antenatal clinic in South Africa. examined...
Abstract Objectives To quantify the HIV care cascade in a Cape Town sub‐district to understand rates of linkage and engagement care. Methods We used routinely collected data reconstruct treatment for 8382 infected individuals who tested + 2012/2013. obtained on patient gender, year initial HIV‐positive test, age at testing CD4 cell count defined five stages cascade. quantified attrition across stages. Results Two‐thirds sample (5646) were women. Men older time first (36.5 vs. 31.3 years) had...
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of mortality among women childbearing age and significant contributor to maternal mortality. Pregnant with TB are at high risk adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed determine factors for an outcome pregnant diagnosed TB.
Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) negatively impacted tuberculosis (TB) programs which were already struggling to meet End-TB targets globally. We aimed quantify and compare diagnosis, treatment initiation, success, losses along this TB care cascade for drug-susceptible in Cape Town, South Africa, prior during COVID-19. Methods This observational study used routine data within two predefined cohorts: pre-COVID-19 (1 October 2018–30 September 2019) during-COVID-19 April 2020–31 March...