It is demonstrated that carbon quantum dots derived from curcumin (Cur-CQDs) through one-step dry heating are effective antiviral agents against enterovirus 71 (EV71). The surface properties of Cur-CQDs, as well their activity, highly dependent on the temperature during synthesis. at 180 °C preserves many moieties polymeric surfaces as-synthesized resulting in superior characteristics. proposed undergoes a series structural changes dehydration, polymerization, and carbonization to form...

There is overwhelming evidence that tyrosine kinases play an important role in cancer development. As a prototype of targeted therapy, kinase inhibitors are now successfully applied to treatment. However, as single agents, have not achieved satisfactory results the treatment prostate cancer, principally due their inability efficiently kill tumor cells. The authors' laboratory has been interested Src complex progression, including induction androgen independence and metastasis. Previously,...

Chronic pain remains poorly understood; yet it is associated with the reorganization of nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that a unitary global measure functional connectivity, defined as extent degree rank order disruption, kD, identifies chronic state. In contrast, local disruption differentiates between conditions. We used resting-state MRI data to analyze brain connectome at varying scales and densities. three conditions, observe disrupted in proportion individuals' intensity,...

Abstract Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been linked to the development of sarcoma, a major AIDS-associated malignancy, and hematologic malignancies, including primary effusion lymphoma multicentric Castleman's disease. Like other herpesviruses, KSHV is capable both latent lytic replication. Understanding molecular details associated with this transition from latency replication key controlling virus spread can affect intervention strategies. Here, we report that...

Post-translational modification (PTM) of transcriptional factors and chromatin remodelling proteins is recognized as a major mechanism by which regulation occurs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in combination with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) being applied gold standard when studying the genome-wide binding sites transcription factor (TFs). This has greatly improved our understanding protein-DNA interactions on genomic-wide scale. However, current ChIP-seq peak calling tools...

Human brain imaging studies from various clinical cohorts show that chronic pain is associated with large-scale functional and morphological reorganization. However, how the rat whole-brain network topologically reorganized to support persistent pain-like behavior following neuropathic injury remains unknown. Here we compare resting state fMRI connectivity-based properties between rats receiving spared nerve (SNI) vs. sham injury, at 5 days (n = 11 SNI; n 12 sham) 28 post-injury. Similar...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in rodents holds great promise for advancing our knowledge about human brain function. However, the use of anesthetics to immobilize during fMRI experiments has restricted type questions that can be addressed using this technique. Here we describe an innovative procedure train rats constrained without need any anesthesia whole procedure. We show with 8–10 days acclimation conscious and remain still under minimal stress. In addition, provide...

Prostate cancer (PCa) with neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is tightly associated hormone refractory PCa (HRPC), an aggressive form of that nearly impossible to treat. Determining the mechanism development NED may yield novel therapeutic strategies for HRPC. Here, we first demonstrate repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), a transcriptional neuronal genes has been implicated in androgen-deprivation and IL-6 induced NED, essential hypoxia-induced cells. Bioinformatics...

Sumoylation has emerged as a major post-translational modification of cellular proteins, affecting variety processes. Viruses have exploited the sumoylation pathway to advance their own replication by evolving several ways perturb host apparatus. However, there been no report virally encoded enzymes directly involved in catalyzing reaction. Here, we that K-bZIP protein Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is SUMO E3 ligase with specificity toward SUMO2/3. nuclear factor functions...

Latent Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) episomes are coated with viral latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). In contrast, LANA rapidly disassociates from during reactivation. Lytic KSHV expresses polyadenylated RNA (PAN RNA), a long noncoding (lncRNA). We report that PAN promotes LANA-episome disassociation through an interaction which facilitates sequestration away These findings suggest may have evolved aptamer to regulate latent protein function.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mac 436 was found to produce simultaneously three phenazine pigments identified as pyocyanine, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, and oxychlororaphine. Production of these on various media indicated a wide variation in yields depending the composition media, but satisfactory all were obtained. A scheme developed for separation assay from culture liquor. Details production, isolation, assay, identification are given.

Prostate cancer (PCa) cells undergoing neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) are clinically relevant to the development of relapsed castration-resistant PCa. Increasing evidences show that autophagy involves in (NE) tumors, including To clarify effect on NED, androgen-sensitive PCa LNCaP were examined. Treatment with IL-6 resulted an induction autophagy. In absence androgen, caused even stronger activation Similar result was identified NED induction. Inhibition chloroquine (CQ) markedly...

Abstract Castration-resistance prostate cancer (CRPC), also known as hormone-refractory (HRPC), requires immediate attention since it is not only resistant to androgen ablation, chemo- and radiotherapy, but highly metastatic. Increasing evidence suggests that enrichment of neuroendocrine (NE) cells associated with CRPC. Here, combined RNA-seq ChIP-seq analysis reveals REST involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stemness acquisition NE differentiated (PCa) via direct...

Autophagy and apoptosis are two well-controlled mechanisms regulating cell fate. An understanding of decision-making between these pathways is in its infancy. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) a mitochondrial enzyme that well-known psychiatric research. Emerging reports showed overexpression MAOA associated with prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we show involved mediating neuroendocrine differentiation PCa cells, feature hormone-refractory (HRPC), lethal type disease. Following recent showing NED...

Signaling driven by nucleic acid sensors participates in interferonopathy-mediated autoimmune diseases. NLRP12, a pyrin-containing NLR protein, is negative regulator of innate immune activation and type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients expressed lower levels with an inverse correlation IFNA expression high disease activity. NLRP12 was transcriptionally suppressed runt-related transcription...

There are nine serotypes of avian paramyxovirus (APMV). Only the genome APMV type 1 (APMV-1), also called Newcastle disease virus (NDV), has been completely sequenced. In this study, complete nucleotide sequence an APMV-6 serotype isolated from ducks is reported. The 16236 nt encodes eight proteins, nucleocapsid protein (NP), phosphoprotein (P), V protein, matrix (M), fusion (F), small hydrophobic (SH) haemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) and large (L) which flanked by a 55 leader 54 trailer...

The switch between the latency and lytic cycles of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is accompanied by specific alterations histone codes. Recently, comprehensive analysis modifications KSHV showed deposition H3K27me3 across genome with two regions occupied heterochromatin marker H3K9me3. Here, we show that knockdown JMJD2A, an H3K9me3 demethylase, attenuates viral titers, whereas its overexpression increases reactivation. JMJD2A localized in latent chromosomes are deficient...

Abstract Tactile allodynia, a condition in which innocuous mechanical stimuli are perceived as painful, is common feature of chronic pain. However, how the brain reorganizes relation to emergence tactile allodynia still largely unknown. This may stem from fact that experiments humans cross-sectional nature, whereas animal imaging studies typically require anaesthesia rendering incapable consciously sensing or responding In this longitudinal functional magnetic resonance study awake rats, we...