A5050125317- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development
2013-2023
Erasmus MC
2017-2022
Erasmus University Rotterdam
2017-2022
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2020
Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration
2020
TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative
2007-2019
University of Amsterdam
2009-2018
University of Cape Town
2013
Academic Medical Center
2005-2011
Institute of Infection and Immunity
2008-2011
Rationale: In a high–tuberculosis (TB) incidence area of Cape Town, South Africa, there is very high rate unexplained recurrent TB. The new bacteriologically confirmed disease in the 313 per 100,000 individuals. Objective: To estimate TB attributable to reinfection after successful treatment. Methods: All patients with reported between 1993 and 1998 were followed up 2001 for needing retreatment (recurrences). Patients who multi-drug–resistant or had treatment failure, transferred, died...
Sputum smear microscopy is commonly used for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). Although patients with sputum smear-negative TB are less infectious than smear-positive TB, they also contribute to transmission. The objective of this study was determine the proportion transmission events caused by pulmonary in Netherlands.All Netherlands culture-confirmed during period 1996-2004 were included study. Patients identical DNA fingerprints Mycobacterium isolates from samples clustered. first a cluster...
Abstract Antigen-specific, MHC-restricted αβ T cells are necessary for protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis , but the ability to broadly study these responses has been limited. In present study, we used single-cell and bulk cell receptor (TCR) sequencing GLIPH2 algorithm analyze M. -specific sequences in two longitudinal cohorts, comprising 166 individuals with infection who progressed either ( n = 48) or controlled 118). We found 24 groups similar TCR-β sequences,...
The authors determined the positive predictive value (PPV) for progression to tuberculosis (TB) of two interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs), QuantiFERON-TB® Gold In-tube (QFT-GIT) and T-SPOT. TB ®, tuberculin skin test (TST) in immigrants contacts. Immigrant close contacts sputum smear-positive patients were included when aged ≥16 yrs their TST result was ≥5 mm 0 or 3 months after diagnosis index patient. Contacts followed next 2 development disease. Of 339 immigrant with mm, 324 299 had...
Setting This study was conducted in a high tuberculosis (TB) burden area Worcester, South Africa, with notified all TB incidence rate of 1,400/100,000. Main Objective To compare the predictive value baseline tuberculin skin test (TST) that QuantiFERON Gold (In-tube) assay (QFT) for subsequent microbiologically confirmed disease among adolescents. Methods Adolescents aged 12–18 years were recruited from schools area. At baseline, blood drawn QFT and TST administered. Participants followed up...
Abstract Improved tuberculosis diagnostics and tools for monitoring treatment response are urgently needed. We developed a robust simple, PCR-based host-blood transcriptomic signature, RISK6, multiple applications: identifying individuals at risk of incident disease, as screening test subclinical or clinical tuberculosis, treatment. RISK6 utility was validated by blind prediction using quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR in seven independent cohorts. Prognostic performance significantly...
The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for ongoing community transmission tuberculosis (TB) in two densely populated urban communities with a high incidence rate TB Cape Town, South Africa.Between 1993 and 1998 DNA fingerprints mycobacterial isolates from patients were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Cases whose shared identical fingerprint patterns considered belong the same cluster be attributable transmission.The average annual notification...
Conversions and reversions occur with IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) serial testing, as the tuberculin skin test (TST). Recent TST conversion is associated an established risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) disease, but recent IGRA conversions unknown.To compare incidence rate TB disease after QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube (QFT) compared nonconverters.Adolescents converted status (QFT converters [n = 534]) randomly chosen adolescents whose had remained negative over a period 2 years nonconverters...
Summary Objective To estimate the change in annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) two neighbouring urban communities Cape Town, South Africa with an HIV prevalence approximately 2%, and to compare ARTI notification rates treatment outcomes (TB) programme. Methods In 1998–1999 2005, tuberculin skin test surveys were conducted measure Mycobacterium calculate ARTI. All 6 9‐year‐old children from all primary schools included survey. Notification obtained TB register. Results A total 2067...
Abstract The tuberculosis (TB) notification rate is high and increasing in 2 communities Cape Town, South Africa. In 2002, we conducted a prevalence survey among adults >15 years of age to determine the TB rate; 15% households these were randomly sampled. All persons living sampled eligible for chest radiography sputum examination. Of 3,483 who completed questionnaire, 2,608 underwent We detected 26 bacteriologically confirmed cases 10.0/1,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.2–13.8 per...
SUMMARY Passive detection of tuberculosis (TB) cases may lead to delay in treatment which contribute increased severity disease and mortality. Active case finding be an alternative. In a community survey Cape Town, South Africa, we actively detected 27 bacteriologically positive TB compared those with 473 passively cases. Seven (26%) did not start within 2 months were considered initial defaulters. Those who had similar success rates as (both 80%) (OR 1·01, 95% CI 0·33–3·09). Passively...
Tuberculosis infection control (TBIC) is rarely implemented in the health facilities resource limited settings. Understanding reasons for low level of implementation critical. The study aim was to assess TBIC practices and barriers two districts Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional 51 Mukono Wakiso. included: facility survey, observations eight focus group discussions with workers. Quantitative: Only 16 (31%) had plan. Five (10%) were screening patients cough. Two (4%) reported providing...
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem globally. Little known about TB incidence in adolescents who are proposed target group for new vaccines. We conducted study to determine the rates and risk factors disease cohort of school-going high burden area South Africa. Methods recruited aged 12 18 years from schools Worcester, Demographic clinical information was collected, tuberculin skin test (TST) performed blood drawn QuantiFERON Gold assay at baseline. Screening cases...
Great strides have been made toward onchocerciasis elimination by mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin. Focusing on MDA-eligible areas, we investigated where the goal can be achieved 2025 continuation current practice (annual MDA with ivermectin) and intensification or additional vector control is required. We did not consider areas hypoendemic for loiasis coendemicity contraindicated.We used 2 previously published mathematical models, ONCHOSIM EPIONCHO, to simulate future trends in...
OBJECTIVE. Tuberculosis and smoking are both significant public health problems. The association between passive Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is not well documented. objective of this study was to examine the influence on M in children. METHODS. A community survey conducted 15% addresses 2 adjacent low-income suburbs Cape Town, South Africa. All children (<15 years age) their adult household members residing at these were included study. Children underwent tuberculin skin...