A5025613428- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Medical Imaging and Pathology Studies
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
National Institute of Mental Health
2015-2025
National Institutes of Health
2011-2024
Houston Methodist
2008-2022
Cornell University
2017-2022
Weill Cornell Medicine
2018-2022
National Health Research Institutes
2022
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
2020-2021
University of Washington
2021
The University of Texas at Austin
2021
Methodist Hospital
2017-2021
Inflammation is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a putative biomarker of neuroinflammation, quantified using positron emission tomography (PET) and 11C-PBR28, TSPO tracer. We sought to (1) investigate binding in MDD subjects currently experiencing episode, (2) the effects antidepressants on binding, (3) determine relationship peripheral central inflammatory markers cerebral binding. Twenty-eight depressed (unmedicated (n = 12) or medicated...
<h3>Importance</h3> Neuroinflammation may play a role in epilepsy. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), biomarker of neuroinflammation, is overexpressed on activated microglia and reactive astrocytes. A preliminary positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging study using carbon 11 ([<sup>11</sup>C])–labeled PBR28 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) found increased TSPO ipsilateral to seizure foci. Full quantitation vivo needed detect widespread inflammation the epileptic brain....
The positron emission tomography radioligand [ 11 C]PBR28 targets translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) and is a potential marker of neuroinflammation. binding commonly quantified using two-tissue compartment model an arterial input function. Previous studies with C]HRJ-PK11195 demonstrated slow irreversible component to the TSPO proteins localized in endothelium brain vessels, such as venous sinuses arteries. However, impact this on quantification data has never been investigated. In work we...
Radiopharmaceutical therapy, traditionally limited to refractory metastatic cancer, is being increasingly used at earlier stages, such as for treating minimal residual disease. The aim of this study was compare the effectiveness <sup>90</sup>Y, <sup>177</sup>Lu, <sup>111</sup>In, and <sup>161</sup>Tb irradiating micrometastases. <sup>90</sup>Y <sup>177</sup>Lu are widely β<sup><i>−</i></sup>-emitting radionuclides. a medium-energy β<sup><i>−</i></sup> radionuclide that similar but emits...
The imaging of translocator 18 kDa protein (TSPO) in living human brain with radioligands by positron emission tomography (PET) has become an important means for the study neuroinflammatory conditions occurring several neuropsychiatric disorders. widely used prototypical PET radioligand [11C](R)-PK 11195 ([11C](R)-1; [N-methyl-11C](R)-N-sec-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methylisoquinoline-3-carboxamide) gives a low signal and is difficult to quantify, whereas later generation have binding...
Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the superolateral branch of medial forebrain bundle (MFB) has been reported lead rapid antidepressant effects. In this longitudinal study, we expand upon initial results at 26 weeks (Fenoy et al., 2016), showing sustained effects MFB DBS on six patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) over 1 year. The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used as primary assessment tool. Deterministic fiber tracking individually map target...
The aim of this study was to compare eight methods for the estimation image-derived input function (IDIF) in [ 18 F]-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) dynamic brain studies. were tested on two digital phantoms and four healthy volunteers. Image-derived functions obtained with each method compared reference functions, that is, activity carotid labels arterial blood samples volunteers, terms visual inspection, areas under curve, cerebral metabolic rates glucose (CMRglc), individual rate...
Radionuclide therapy is increasingly seen as a promising option to target minimal residual disease. Copper-67, scandium-47 and terbium-161 have medium-energy β(-) emission which similar that of lutetium-177, but offer the advantage having diagnostic partner isotopes suitable for pretreatment imaging. The aim this study was compare efficacy (67)Cu, (47)Sc (161)Tb irradiate small tumors.The absorbed dose deriving from homogeneous distribution or in water-density spheres calculated with Monte...
Abstract Objectives Neuroinflammation, implicated in epilepsy, can be imaged humans with positron emission tomography (PET) ligands for translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO). Previous studies patients temporal lobe epilepsy and mesial sclerosis found increased [11C]PBR28 uptake ipsilateral to seizure foci. Neocortical foci present more difficult localization problems variable underlying pathology. Methods We studied 11 neocortical using or [11C]...
<h3>Objective</h3> To define the role played by microglia in different stages of Huntington disease (HD), we used TSPO radioligand [11C]-ER176 and PET to evaluate microglial activation relation neurodegeneration clinical features seen at premanifest manifest disease. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a cross-sectional study which 18 subjects (6 controls, 6 premanifest, HD gene carriers) underwent scan an MRI for anatomic localization. Segmentation regions interest (ROIs) was performed, group...
Brain inflammation, with an increased density of microglia and macrophages, is important component Alzheimer's disease a potential therapeutic target. However, it incompletely characterized, particularly in patients whose begins before the age 65 years and, thus, have few co-pathologies. Inflammation has been usefully imaged translocator protein (TSPO) PET, but most inflammation PET tracers cannot image subjects low-binder TSPO rs6971 genotype. In development, participants any genotype can...
The fetal radiation dose from (18)F-FDG was estimated in a series of pregnant women who underwent PET scan during clinical workup for malignancies.Six patients were injected with (activity range, 296-385 MBq). Three scanned the first trimester (1 and 2 PET/CT), second (with PET/MR imaging), 1 third PET). time-integrated activity coefficients derived radioactivity concentrations measured on images all but patient (in early pregnancy [5 wk]), whom uterus used as proxy. mother's organs standard...
<sup>18</sup>F-GE180 is a third-generation PET tracer for quantifying the translocator protein (TSPO), biomarker inflammation. The aim of this study was to perform head-to-head comparison and well-established TSPO <sup>11</sup>C-PBR28 by scanning with both tracers during same day in subjects. <b>Methods:</b> Five subjects underwent 90-min scan morning afternoon. A metabolite-corrected arterial input function obtained each subject tracers, brain uptake quantified 2-tissue-compartment model....
Abstract Despite epidemiological and genetic data linking semantic dementia to inflammation, the topography of neuroinflammation in dementia, also known as variant primary progressive aphasia, remains unclear. The pathology starts at tip left temporal lobe where, addition cortical atrophy, a strong signal appears with tau PET tracer 18F-flortaucipir, even though disease is not typically associated but TDP-43 protein aggregates. Here, we characterized inflammation aphasia using...
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is present in a healthy brain at low densities but can be markedly upregulated by excitatory input and inflammogens. This study evaluated the sensitivity of PET radioligand [<sup>11</sup>C]-6-methoxy-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-<i>N</i>-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine ([<sup>11</sup>C]MC1) to detect COX-2 density human brain. <b>Methods:</b> The specificity [<sup>11</sup>C]MC1 was confirmed using lipopolysaccharide-injected rats transgenic mice expressing...
Bone is the second most frequent target of distant metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, and such forms carry a very poor prognosis. The impact 131 I therapy this setting controversial. We describe diagnostic circumstances outcome bone recently managed two institutions. Among 921 consecutive cancer who had total thyroidectomy ablation between January 2000 December 2004 were subsequently monitored, been diagnosed 16 patients. In three cases, non-functioning (negative...