A5079810332- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
King's College London
2016-2025
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2016-2025
Wellcome Trust
2021-2023
NIHR Maudsley Dementia Biomedical Research Unit
2013-2022
NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre
2013-2022
ORCID
2022
Imperial College London
2010-2020
Jagiellonian University
2020
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
2020
King's College Hospital
2020
Abstract Objective: Patient outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is highly variable. The underlying pathophysiology of this poorly understood, but inflammation potentially an important factor. Microglia orchestrate many aspects response. Their activation can be studied in vivo using the positron emission tomography (PET) ligand [11C](R)PK11195 (PK). In study, we investigate whether inflammatory response to TBI persists, and relates structural abnormalities cognitive function. Methods:...
This study identifies by microautoradiography activated microglia/macrophages as the main cell type expressing peripheral benzodiazepine binding site (PBBS) at sites of active CNS pathology. Quantitative measurements PBBS expression in vivo obtained PET and [11C](R)-PK11195 are shown to correspond animal experimental human post-mortem data on distribution pattern microglia inflammatory brain disease. Film autoradiography with [3H](R)-PK11195, a specific ligand for PBBS, showed minimal normal...
Networks, as efficient representations of complex systems, have appealed to scientists for a long time and now permeate many areas science, including neuroimaging (Bullmore Sporns 2009 Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 10 , 186–198. ( doi:10.1038/nrn2618 )). Traditionally, the structure networks has been studied through their statistical properties metrics concerned with node link properties, e.g. degree-distribution, centrality modularity. Here, we study characteristics functional brain at mesoscopic...
The functions of the resting state networks (RSNs) revealed by functional MRI remain unclear, but it has seemed possible that emerge in parallel with development related cognitive functions. We tested alternative hypothesis: full repertoire dynamics emerges during period rapid neural growth before normal time birth at term (around 40 wk gestation). used a series independent analytical techniques to map detail different 70 infants born between 29 and 43 postmenstrual age (PMA). characterized...
<b>Background:</b> Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represent an important clinical group as they are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). <sup>11</sup>C-PIB PET is in vivo marker brain amyloid load. <b>Objective:</b> To assess the rates conversion MCI to AD during a 3-year follow-up period and compare levels deposition between converters nonconverters. <b>Methods:</b> Thirty-one subjects baseline PET, MRI, neuropsychometry have been clinically...
Huntington disease (HD) is characterized by the progressive death of medium spiny dopamine receptor bearing striatal GABAergic neurons. In addition, microglial activation in areas neuronal loss has recently been described postmortem studies. Activated microglia are known to release neurotoxic cytokines, and these may contribute pathologic process.To evaluate vivo involvement HD, authors studied patients at different stages using [(11)C](R)-PK11195 PET, a marker activation, [(11)C]raclopride...
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether microglial activity, measured using translocator-protein positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, is increased in unmedicated persons presenting with subclinical symptoms indicating that they are at ultra high risk psychosis and activity elevated schizophrenia after controlling for a translocator-specific genetic polymorphism. Method: authors used the second-generation radioligand [11C]PBR28 PET image brains participants...
Activated microglia may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) as they cluster around beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques. They are, therefore, potential therapeutic target both AD and its prodrome amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI).To characterize vivo with (11)C-(R)-PK11195 (11)C-PIB PET distribution microglial activation amyloid deposition patients MCI.Fourteen subjects MCI had psychometric tests.Seven out 14 (50%) increased cortical retention (p < 0.001) while 5 13...
Objective: While there is robust evidence of elevated dopamine synthesis capacity once a psychotic disorder has developed, little known about whether it altered prior to the first episode frank illness. The authors addressed this issue by measuring in individuals at ultra-high risk psychosis and then following them determine their clinical outcome. Method: This prospective study included 30 patients who met standard criteria for being 29 healthy volunteers. Participants were scanned using...
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are the most common and disabling adverse motor effect of therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. In this study, we investigated serotonergic mechanisms LIDs development PD patients using 11C-DASB PET to evaluate serotonin terminal function 11C-raclopride dopamine release. with showed relative preservation terminals throughout their disease. Identical levodopa doses induced markedly higher striatal synaptic concentrations compared stable responses...
The dopamine hypothesis suggests that abnormalities underlie psychosis, irrespective of diagnosis, implicating dysregulation in bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia, line with the research domain criteria approach. However, this has not been directly examined individuals diagnosed psychosis.
Quantitative in vivo imaging of myelin loss and repair patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is essential to understand the pathogenesis disease evaluate promyelinating therapies. Selectively binding central nervous system white matter, Pittsburgh compound B ([11 C]PiB) can be used as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer explore dynamics MS.Patients active relapsing-remitting MS (n = 20) healthy controls 8) were included longitudinal trial combining PET [11 C]PiB magnetic resonance...
Resistance to antipsychotic treatment is a significant clinical problem in patients with schizophrenia approximately 1 3 showing limited or no response repeated treatments medication. The neurobiological basis for resistance unknown but recent evidence implicates glutamatergic function the anterior cingulate cortex. We examined glutamate levels of chronically ill treatment-resistant directly compared treatment-responsive patients.We acquired proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at...
Neuroinflammation and microglial activation are significant processes in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Recent genome-wide association studies have highlighted multiple immune-related genes with disease, experimental data demonstrated proliferation as a component of the neuropathology. In this study, we tested efficacy selective CSF1R inhibitor JNJ-40346527 (JNJ-527) P301S mouse tauopathy model. We first anti-proliferative effects JNJ-527 on microglia ME7 prion model, its impact inflammatory...
A crucial challenge in neuroscience involves characterising brain dynamics from high-dimensional recordings. Dynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) is an analysis paradigm that aims to address this challenge. dFC consists of a time-varying matrix (dFC matrix) expressing how pairwise interactions across areas change over time. However, the main approaches have been developed and applied mostly empirically, lacking common theoretical framework clear view on interpretation results derived...
There is general agreement that, after initial processing in unimodal sensory cortex, the pathways for spoken and written language converge to access verbal meaning. However, existing literature provides conflicting accounts of cortical location this convergence. Most aphasic stroke studies localize comprehension posterior temporal inferior parietal cortex (Wernicke’s area), whereas evidence from focal neurodegenerative syndromes instead implicates anterior cortex. Previous functional...