A5077442433- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Brain Metastases and Treatment
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
2015-2025
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2013
First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg
2013
Emory University
2013
Cook Children's Medical Center
2013
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
2012
University of Memphis
1998-2004
Neuropsychiatric Research Institute
2004
University of North Dakota
2004
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2001
Abstract Tractography based on non-invasive diffusion imaging is central to the study of human brain connectivity. To date, approach has not been systematically validated in ground truth studies. Based a simulated data set with tracts, we organized an open international tractography challenge, which resulted 96 distinct submissions from 20 research groups. Here, report encouraging finding that most state-of-the-art algorithms produce tractograms containing 90% bundles (to at least some...
PURPOSE: To examine two competing hypotheses relating to intellectual loss among children treated for medulloblastoma (MB): Children with MB either: (1) lose previously learned skills and information; or (2) acquire new information but at a rate slower than expected compared healthy same-age peers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-four pediatric patients were evaluated who postoperative radiation therapy (XRT) without chemotherapy. After completion of XRT, total 150 examinations conducted by use...
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that inadequate development of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) is associated with relationship between young age at time craniospinal irradiation (CRT) and deficient neurocognitive performance in survivors childhood medulloblastoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients treated since 1985 participated this cross-sectional study. All had been CRT or without chemotherapy survived 1 more years after treatment. Neurocognitive evaluations were conducted...
Presents a fully automated process for segmentation and classification of multispectral magnetic resonance (MR) images. This hybrid neural network method uses Kohonen self-organizing multilayer backpropagation classification. To separate different tissue types, this the standard T1-, T2-, PD-weighted MR images acquired in clinical examinations. Volumetric measurements brain structures, relative to intracranial volume, were calculated an index transverse section 14 normal subjects (median age...
The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that, among survivors pediatric brain tumors, association between reduced volumes normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and intellectual/academic achievement deficits can be explained by patient problems with memory attention.Quantitative tissue from magnetic resonance imaging scans neurocognitive assessments were obtained for 40 long-term tumors. They treated radiotherapy (RT) or without chemotherapy 2.6-15.3 years earlier...
Although previous studies have documented a significant risk of intellectual loss after treatment for childhood medulloblastoma (MED), the pathophysiology underlying this process is poorly understood. The purpose study was to test hypotheses that (1) patients treated MED in reduced volumes normal white matter (NWM) related their with craniospinal irradiation or without chemotherapy, and (2) deficits NWM among surviving can at least partially explain performance. Eighteen pediatric previously...
The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survivors childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have deficits in neurocognitive performance, and smaller white-matter volumes are associated with these deficits.The patients studied included 112 ALL (84 who had received chemotherapy only, 28 irradiation; 63 males, 49 females; mean age +/- standard deviation, 4.1 yrs 2.6 at diagnosis; deviation since diagnosis, 6.0 3.5 yrs), 33 healthy siblings participated as a...
Abstract Objective In children, CNS‐directed cancer therapy is thought to result in decreased cerebral white matter volumes (WMV) and subsequent neurocognitive deficits. This study was designed as a prospective validation of the purported reduction WMV, associated influential factors, its relationship deficits very large cohort both acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) malignant brain tumors (BT) survivors comparison an age similar healthy sibling controls. Procedures The effects host...
<h3>Importance</h3> Limited studies have reported associations between anesthesia and neurocognitive neuroimaging outcomes, particularly in pediatric patients who undergo multiple exposures to as part of chronic disease management. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether general is associated with impairment abnormalities long-term survivors childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> A cohort study 212 leukemia received treatment July 7, 2000, November...
Fifty children diagnosed with medulloblastoma completed 188 psychological evaluations using the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (D. Wechsler, 1974, 1991) over a 7-year study period following 35-40 Gy postoperative craniospinal irradiation. Random coefficient models were used to predict trend in children's intellectual performance as function of time since diagnosis, both patient and treatment variables parameters this function. A quadratic model demonstrated delay prior decline...
Most children with medulloblastoma (MB), the second most common pediatric brain tumor, have a 70% probability of survival. However, survivors who receive aggressive therapy are at significant risk cognitive deficits that been associated lower volumes normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). We hypothesized cranial irradiation inhibited normal volume development in these survivors. retrospectively analyzed 324 MRI studies 52 patients histologically proven MB treated surgery and 35 to 40 Gy...
PFS occurs in approximately 25% of pediatric patients receiving surgery for midline posterior fossa tumors. Increasing evidence suggests that represents a complex supratentorial cortical dysfunction related to surgery-induced disruption critical cerebellocerebral connections. The purpose this study was determine whether consistent surgical damage pattern may be identified with by early postoperative anatomic imaging analysis the pECP and test DSC can detect corresponding changes cerebral...
Abstract BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) as an early indicator tumor histologic response preoperative chemotherapy and a possible prognostic factor for event‐free survival (EFS) overall in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed, nonmetastatic osteosarcoma who were treated on single, multi‐institutional phase 2 trial. METHODS: Three serial DCE‐MRI examinations at week 0 (before treatment), 9,...
Survivors of pediatric medulloblastoma are at risk for neurocognitive dysfunction. Reduced white matter integrity has been correlated with lower intelligence in child survivors, yet associations between specific cognitive processes and have not examined long-term adult survivors. Twenty survivors were randomly recruited from a larger institutional cohort childhood cancer. underwent comprehensive evaluations MRI. Data on brain volume cortical thickness diffusion tensor imaging acquired,...
Children treated for posterior fossa tumors experience reduced cognitive processing speed and, after imaging, show damage to white matter (WM) tracts in the brain. This study explores relationships between microstructure, assessed by fractional anisotropy (FA), and of using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). At 36 months treatment with radiotherapy chemotherapy, 40 patients completed an MRI examination neuropsychological evaluation. Patients were matched healthy control subjects based on...
Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia are at risk for neurocognitive impairment, though little information is available on its association with brain integrity, particularly survivors treated without cranial radiation therapy. This study compares function and morphology in long-term adult chemotherapy alone (n = 36) to those therapy 39) healthy control subjects 23). Mean (standard deviation) age evaluation was 24.9 (3.6) years the group 26.7 (3.4) group, while time since...
Abstract Fiber tractography based on non-invasive diffusion imaging is at the heart of connectivity studies human brain. To date, approach has not been systematically validated in ground truth studies. Based a simulated brain dataset with white matter tracts, we organized an open international challenge, which resulted 96 distinct submissions from 20 research groups. While most state-of-the-art algorithms reconstructed 90% bundles to least some extent, average they produced four times more...
Children surviving treatment for malignant brain tumors commonly have problems maintaining their premorbid levels of intellectual development and academic achievement. Our group has been especially interested in the effects on normal appearing white matter (NAWM) MRI influence NAWM volumes neurocognitive functioning. The present study assessed attentional abilities among 37 long-term survivors tumors, ranging age from 1.7 to 14.8 ( Mdn = 6.5) years at diagnosis, who had treated with cranial...
Abstract BACKGROUND: To extend investigation beyond global cognitive measures prevalent in the literature, this study examined attention and working memory (WM) abilities of survivors childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), separate contributions WM to intelligence quotient (IQ), their association with neuroimaging changes. METHODS: Ninety‐seven children ALL received risk‐directed therapy based on presenting clinical biological factors. During consolidation therapy, low‐risk patients...
Sex classification is a major benchmark of previous work in learning on the structural connectome, naturally occurring brain graph that has proven useful for studying cognitive function and impairment. While neural networks (GNNs), specifically convolutional (GCNs), have gained popularity lately their effectiveness data, achieving strong performance adult sex tasks, application to pediatric populations remains unexplored. We seek characterize capacity GNN models learn connectomic patterns...
Perivascular spaces (PVS) are fluid filled compartments surrounding the small blood vessels in brain. The impact of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on PVS remains unclear. aim this study is to investigate treatment effects at four time points (TPs) pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) patients. We examined 778 scans from 241 MB patients baseline (0M), after 12 weeks (about 3 months) rest (3M), completion (12M), a follow-up (FollowUp) 18- or 21-months post-baseline. was segmented by applying Frangi...
Cognitive decline in survivors of medulloblastoma is commonly attributed to radiation- and chemotherapy-induced brain microstructural alterations. Factors preceding this adjuvant therapy, such as disrupted development or resection surgery, may affect microstructure but have not been thoroughly explored medulloblastoma. The aim study was assess cortical thickness integrity the cerebrum prior therapy patients. Cross-sectional image data were acquired patients (n = 30) after surgery before...