A5007619706- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Statistics Education and Methodologies
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Philosophy and History of Science
- Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
Columbia University
2014-2024
Cohen Veterans Bioscience
2023
Brain (Germany)
2021
University of Pennsylvania
2011-2013
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
2013
Wesleyan University
2009
Complex learned behaviors must involve the integrated action of distributed brain circuits. Although contributions individual regions to learning have been extensively investigated, much less is known about how networks orchestrate their activity over course learning. To address this gap, we used fMRI combined with tools from dynamic network neuroscience obtain time-resolved descriptions coordination during reinforcement in humans. We found that associate visual cues reward involves changes...
An important aspect of adaptive learning is the ability to flexibly use past experiences guide new decisions. When facing a decision, some people automatically leverage previously learned associations, while others do not. This variability in transfer across individuals has been demonstrated repeatedly and implications for understanding behavior, yet source these individual differences remains poorly understood. In particular, it unknown why such emerges even among homogeneous groups young...
The advent of functional MRI (fMRI) enables the identification brain regions recruited for specific behavioral tasks. Most fMRI studies focus on group effects in single tasks, which limits applicability where assessment individual differences and multiple systems is needed.We demonstrate feasibility concurrently measuring activation patterns performance a computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB) 212 healthy individuals at 2 sites. Cross-validated sparse regression regional amplitude extent...
Abstract Nicotine withdrawal is associated with subtle working memory deficits that predict subsequent relapse. We examined the neural substrates underlying these processes in treatment‐seeking smokers, and explored moderating influence of age on abstinence‐induced alterations brain activity performance. Sixty‐three smokers participated two blood oxygen level‐dependent ( BOLD ) functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while performing a visual N ‐back task separate occasions: smoking as...
Patients with Parkinson’s disease are impaired at incremental reward-based learning. It is typically assumed that this impairment reflects a loss of striatal dopamine. However, many open questions remain about the nature learning deficits in disease. Recent studies have found even simple tasks rely on combination cognitive and computational strategies, including one-shot episodic memory. These findings raise how memory contribute to decision-making We tested healthy participants (n=26; 14...
Ventral striatum (VS) is a critical brain region for reinforcement learning and motivation, VS hypofunction implicated in psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Providing rewards or performance feedback has been shown to activate VS. Intrinsically motivated subjects performing challenging cognitive tasks are likely engage circuitry even the absence of external incentives. However, such intrinsic responses have received little attention, not examined relation behavioral performance,...
Use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in studies aging is often hampered by uncertainty about age-related differences the amplitude and timing blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) response (i.e., hemodynamic impulse function (HRF)). Such introduces a significant challenge interpretation fMRI results. Even though this issue has been extensively investigated field neuroimaging, there currently no consensus existence potential sources alterations. Using an event-related...
Abstract The model‐free algorithms of “reinforcement learning” (RL) have gained clout across disciplines, but so too model‐based alternatives. present study emphasizes other dimensions this model space in consideration associative or discriminative generalization states and actions. This “generalized reinforcement (GRL) model, a frugal extension RL, parsimoniously retains the single reward‐prediction error (RPE), scope learning goes beyond experienced state action. Instead, generalized RPE...
Abstract Complex learned behaviors must involve the integrated action of distributed brain circuits. While contributions individual regions to learning have been extensively investigated, understanding how networks orchestrate their activity over course remains elusive. To address this gap, we used fMRI combined with tools from dynamic network neuroscience obtain time-resolved descriptions coordination during reinforcement learning. We found that associate visual cues reward involves changes...
Abstract Reinforcement learning models have been used extensively to capture and decision-making processes in humans other organisms. One essential goal of these computational is the generalization new sets observations. Extracting parameters that can reliably predict out-of-sample data be difficult, however. The use prior distributions regularize parameter estimates has shown help remedy this issue. While previous research suggested empirical priors estimated from a separate dataset improve...
As animals interact with their environments, they must infer properties of surroundings. Some animals, including humans, can represent uncertainty about those properties. But when, if ever, do use probability distributions to uncertainty? It depends on which definition we choose. In this paper, argue that existing definitions are inadequate because untestable. We then propose our own definition. There two reasons why First, not distinguish between representations and variables merely related...
Abstract Patients with Parkinson’s disease are impaired at incremental reward-based learning. It is typically assumed that this impairment reflects a loss of striatal dopamine. However, many open questions remain about the nature learning deficits in Parkinson’s. Recent studies have found combination different cognitive and computational strategies contribute even to simple tasks, suggesting possible role for episodic memory. These findings raise critical how memory interact support from...
Due to the nature of fMRI acquisition protocols, slices in plane are not acquired simultaneously or sequentially, and therefore temporally misaligned with each other. Slice timing correction (STC) is a critical preprocessing step that corrects for this misalignment. STC applied all major software packages. To date, little effort has gone towards assessing optimal method STC. In study, we examine most popular methods STC, propose new based on fundamental properties sampling theory. We...
Abstract Learning from reinforcement is thought to depend on striatal dopamine inputs, which serve update the value of actions by modifying connections in widespread cortico-striatal circuits. While considerable research has described activity individual and midbrain regions learning, broader role for modulating network-level processes been difficult decipher. To examine whether modulates circuit-level dynamic connectivity during we characterized effects learning-related functional estimated...
Note: This is a reply to the Generative Adversarial Collaboration "Is perception probabilistic? Clarifying definitions" by Rahnev, Block, Denison, and Jehee (DOI 10.31234/osf.io/f8v5r). Probabilistic representations promise shed light on how humans other organisms cope with uncertainty, but debates about them have been hindered unclear definitions lack of testable predictions. We argue that neither camp in this GAC has offered plausible way out situation. describe problems their attempts...