A5035150521- Fusion materials and technologies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Advanced materials and composites
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Nuclear materials and radiation effects
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- High-Temperature Coating Behaviors
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Muon and positron interactions and applications
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
Forschungszentrum Jülich
2015-2024
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
2020-2024
Plasma (Russia)
2008-2021
Japan External Trade Organization
2015-2016
University of Toyama
2013
Stadtwerke Jülich (Germany)
2012
University of California, San Diego
2007-2011
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
2010
University of Toronto
2007-2009
Ernst Ruska Centre
2009
In order to support the operation of ITER and planned experimental programme an extensive set plasma first wall measurements will be required. The number type required similar those made on present-day large tokamaks while specification measurements—time spatial resolutions, etc—will in some cases more stringent. Many used real time control driving a requirement for very high reliability systems (diagnostics) that provide measurements.
Plasma-facing materials and components in a fusion reactor are the interface between plasma material part. The operational conditions this environment probably most challenging parameters for any material: high power loads large particle neutron fluxes simultaneously impinging at their surfaces. To realize tokamak or stellarator reactor, given proven geometries technological solutions, requires an improvement of thermo-mechanical capabilities currently available materials. In its first part...
Metallic mirrors will be used in ITER for optical diagnostics working different spectral ranges. Their properties change with time due to erosion, deposition, and particle implantation. First tests of molybdenum were performed the DIII-D divertor under deposition-dominated conditions. Two sets recessed 2cm below floor private flux region exposed a series identical, lower-single-null, ELMing (featuring edge localized modes) H-mode discharges detached plasma conditions both legs. The first set...
DEMO is the name for first stage prototype fusion reactor considered to be next step after ITER towards realizing fusion.For realization of energy especially materials questions pose a significant challenge already today.Heat, particle and neutron loads are problem material lifetime when extrapolating DEMO.For many issues faced advanced solution under discussion or development.In particular components such as wall divertor can benefit from introducing new approaches composites alloys into...
The provision of a particle and power exhaust solution which is compatible with first-wall components edge-plasma conditions key area present-day fusion research mandatory for successful operation ITER DEMO. work package plasma-facing (WP PFC) within the European programme complements laboratory experiments, i.e. in linear plasma devices, electron ion beam loading facilities, studies performed toroidally confined magnetic such as JET, ASDEX Upgrade, WEST etc. connection both groups done via...
Tungsten is a prime material candidate for the first wall of future fusion reactor. In case loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) temperatures about 1450 K could be reached lasting 30–60 days due to nuclear decay heat. worst scenario combining LOCA with air ingress, formation and release highly volatile radioactive tungsten trioxide (WO3) into environment can occur. Smart self-passivating alloys preventing WO3 way mitigate this release. contribution we present studies new yttrium-containing W-Cr-Y...
Highly efficient energy conversion and storage technologies such as high‐temperature solid oxide fuel electrolysis cells, all‐solid‐state batteries, gas separation membranes, thermal barrier coatings for advanced turbine systems depend on materials. In all cases, processing of ceramics metals starting from powders plays a key role is often challenging task. Depending their composition, powder materials require high sintering temperatures show an inherent risk abnormal grain growth,...
Metallic mirrors will be used as plasma-viewing elements in all optical and laser diagnostic systems ITER. In the harsh environment of ITER, performance decrease mainly because erosion their surfaces deposition impurities. The deterioration properties directly affect entire respective ITER diagnostics, possibly leading to shutdown. Therefore, R&D on is crucial importance for diagnostics. There a coordinated worldwide programme supervised by Specialists Working Group first International...
The modelling of a controlled tungsten dust injection experiment in TEXTOR by the dynamics code MIGRAINe is reported. code, addition to standard dust–plasma interaction processes, also encompasses major mechanical aspects dust–surface collisions. use analytical expressions for restitution coefficients as functions radius and impact velocity allows us account sticking rebound phenomena that define which parts size distribution can migrate efficiently. provided unambiguous evidence...
Abstract The present paper is devoted to a first assessment of the DEMO diagnostics systems and controls in context pulsed steady state reactor design under study Europe. In particular, main arguments treated are: (i) quantities be measured requirements for measurements; (ii) capability diagnostic control technology, determining most urgent gaps, (iii) program strategy research development (R&D) needed fill gaps. Burn control, magnetohydrodynamic stability, basic machine protection...
Mirrors will be used as first plasma-viewing elements in optical and laser-based diagnostics ITER. Deterioration of the mirror performance due to e.g. sputtering surface by plasma particles or deposition impurities hamper entire affected diagnostic thus affect ITER operation. The Specialists Working Group on First (FM SWG) Topical Diagnostics International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA) plays an important role finding solutions for mirrors.
Tungsten is currently deemed as a promising plasma-facing material (PFM) for the future power plant DEMO. In case of an accident, air can get into contact with PFMs during ingress. The temperature rise up to 1200 °C due nuclear decay heat in damaged coolant supply. Heated neutron-activated tungsten forms volatile radioactive oxide which be mobilized atmosphere.
The first combined experimental and theoretical studies of dust remobilization by plasma forces are reported. main aspects in fusion devices under steady state conditions analyzed. In particular, the dominant role adhesive is highlighted generic conditions—direct lift-up, sliding, rolling—are formulated. A novel technique proposed, based on controlled adhesion grains tungsten samples with detailed mapping deposition profile prior post exposure. Proof-of-principle experiments TEXTOR tokamak...
The majority of optical diagnostics presently foreseen for ITER will implement in-vessel metallic mirrors as plasma-viewing components. Mirrors are used the observation plasma radiation in a very wide wavelength range: from about 1 nm up to few mm. In hostile environment, subject erosion, deposition, particle implantation and other adverse effects which change their properties, affecting entire performance respective diagnostic systems. Specialists Working Group (SWG) on first was...
The first results of the Dynamic Ergodic Divertor in TEXTOR, when operating m/n=3/1 mode configuration, are presented. deeply penetrating external magnetic field perturbation this configuration increases toroidal plasma rotation. Staying below excitation threshold for m/n=2/1 tearing mode, rotation is always direction current, even if projection rotating opposite direction. observed consistent with a radial electric field, generated by an enhanced electron transport ergodic layers near...
It has been known for a long time that microscopic dust appears in plasmas fusion devices. Recently it was shown can be responsible the termination of long- discharges. Also, ITER-scale experiments pose safety problems related to its chemical activity, tritium retention and radioactive content. In particular, presence vacuum chamber ITER is one main concerns licensing process. Here we review recent progress understanding different experimental theoretical aspects physics dynamics transport...
Studies of naturally occurring and artificially introduced carbon dust are conducted in DIII-D TEXTOR. In DIII-D, does not present operational concerns except immediately after entry vents. Submicrometre sized is routinely observed using Mie scattering from a Nd : Yag laser. The source strongly correlated with the presence type I edge localized modes (ELMs). Larger size (0.005–1 mm diameter) by optical imaging, showing elevated levels Inverse dependence velocity on inferred found imaging...
Material issues pose a significant challenge for future fusion reactors like DEMO. When using materials in environment highly integrated approach is required. Damage resilience, power exhaust, as well oxidation resistance during accidental air ingress are driving when deciding new materials. Neutron induced effects, e.g. transmutation adding to embrittlement crucial material performance. Here advanced materials, Wf/W or W/Cu, Wf/Cu composites allow the step towards reactor. Recent...
Smart tungsten-based alloys are under development as plasma-facing components for a future fusion power plant. planned to adjust their properties depending on environmental conditions: acting sputter-resistant material during plasma operation and suppressing the sublimation of radioactive tungsten oxide in case an accident New smart containing yttrium presently focus research. Thin film featuring remarkable 105-fold suppression mass increase due oxidation compared that pure at 1000 °C. Newly...