A5046180552- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Congenital heart defects research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
St. Michael's Hospital
2024
University of Toronto
2024
Douglas Mental Health University Institute
2024
Unity Health Toronto
2024
Hospital for Sick Children
2019-2023
SickKids Foundation
2019-2022
Memorial University of Newfoundland
2016
Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences metrics over time, contrast growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height weight
Abstract The validity of diagnostic labels autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and obsessive compulsive (OCD) is an open question given the mounting evidence that these categories may not correspond to conditions with distinct etiologies, biologies, or phenotypes. objective this study was determine agreement between existing groups discovered based on a data-driven, diagnosis-agnostic approach integrating cortical neuroanatomy core-domain phenotype...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and obsessive-compulsive (OCD) have been associated with difficulties recognizing responding to social cues. Neuroimaging studies begun map the brain; however, specific neural substrates contributing deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders remain unclear. Three hundred twelve children underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging of brain (controls = 32, OCD 44, ADHD 77, ASD 159; mean age 11). Their were quantified on...
Abstract Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences metrics over time, contrast growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height weight 1 . Here, we built an interactive resource benchmark brain morphology, www.brainchart.io , derived from any current or future sample magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. With goal basing...
Purpose To develop an automated triage tool to predict neurosurgical intervention for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Materials and Methods A provincial trauma registry was reviewed retrospectively identify TBI from 2005 2022 treated at a specialized Canadian center. Model training, validation, testing were performed using head CT scans binary reference standard patient-level labels corresponding whether the patient received intervention. Performance accuracy of model, Automated...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) are linked on a functional genetic level. Most work has investigated CHD-related neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cardiac abnormalities in ASD have been less studied. We the prevalence of cardiac comorbidities relative to contributors. Using high frequency ultrasound imaging, we screened 9 ASD-related mouse models (Arid1b(+/-) , Chd8(+/-) 16p11.2 (deletion), Sgsh(+/-) Sgsh(-/-) Shank3 Δexon 4-9(+/-) 4-9(-/-) Fmr1(-/-)...
Social communication differences are seen in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and obsessive-compulsive (OCD), but the brain mechanisms contributing to these remain largely unknown. To address this gap, we used a data-driven diagnosis-agnostic approach discover correlates of social ASD, ADHD, OCD, subgroups individuals who share similar patterns brain-behavior associations. A machine learning pipeline (regression clustering) was pattern association...
Abstract Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention‐deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) and obsessive–compulsive (OCD) are thought to arise in part from the disruption excitatory/inhibitory balance of gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) glutamate brain. Recent evidence has shown involvement cerebellum cognition affect regulation, cerebellar atypical function or damage is reported frequently NDDs. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have decreases GABA...
Abstract The cerebellum, through its connectivity with the cerebral cortex, plays an integral role in regulating cognitive and affective processes, dysregulation can result neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD)-related behavioural deficits. Identifying cerebellar-cerebral functional (FC) profiles children NDDs provide insight into common their correlation to NDD-related behaviours. 479 participants from Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) network (typically developing = 93,...
Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is classically associated with poor face processing skills, yet evidence suggests that those obsessive-compulsive (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) also have difficulties understanding emotions. We determined the neural underpinnings of dynamic emotional across these three clinical paediatric groups, including developmental trajectories, compared typically developing (TD) controls. studied 279 children, 5–19 years age but 57 were...
Objective: Poor inhibitory control is a well-studied cognitive deficit in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and emerging as an endophenotype. It measured with the Stop Signal Task (SST) f-MRI, reveals that ADHD youth show distinct brain regional activation. Here, we examine structural connectivity between these identified regions goal of identifying white matter network interest underlying this deficit. Method: Controls (N=16) diagnosed (N=56) were recruited through Hospital...
Sex-based neurobiological heterogeneity in autism is poorly understood. Research disproportionately biased to males, leading an unwarranted presumption that neurobiology the same across sexes. Previous neuroimaging studies using amalgamated multicenter datasets increase autistic female samples are characterized by large statistical noise. We used a better-powered dataset of 1183 scans 839 individuals—299 (467 scans) 74 (102 females, 240 (334 control and 226 (280 females—to test two...
Alterations in the structural maturation of amygdala subnuclei volumes are associated with anxiety behaviors adults and children neurodevelopmental disorders. This study investigated relationship between 233 adolescents (mean age = 11.02 years; standard deviation 3.17) autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), obsessive compulsive (OCD), as well typically developing (TD) children. Parents completed Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), underwent MRI at 3 T....
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is classically associated with poor emotional face processing. Few studies, however, have used more ecological dynamic stimuli. We contrasted functional magnetic resonance imaging measures of processing in ASD and typically developing (TD) cohorts across a wide age range to determine if the age-related trajectories differed between participants without ASD.Functional data collected from 200 (5-42 years old; 107 cohort, 93 TD cohort) during presentation faces...
Abstract Extensive evidence supports the role of immune system in modulating brain function and behaviour. However, past studies have revealed striking heterogeneity behavioural phenotypes produced from dysfunction. Using magnetic resonance imaging, we studied neuroanatomical differences among 11 distinct genetically modified mouse lines ( n = 371), each deficient a different element system. We found significant heterogeneous effect dysfunction on brains both male female mice. by imaging...
Abstract Children born very preterm (VPT; <32 weeks' gestational age) are at high risk for emotional regulation and social communication impairments. However, the underlying neurobiological correlates of these difficulties remain poorly understood. Using a multimodal approach, including both magnetoencephalographic structural magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated functional, structural, behavioural characteristics socio‐emotional processing in 19 school‐age children VPT 21...
Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are multi-faceted neurodevelopmental conditions with limited biological markers. The clinical diagnoses of ADHD based on behavioural assessments may not predict long-term outcomes or response to interventions supports. To address this gap, data-driven methods can be used discover groups individuals shared patterns. Methods In study, we investigated measures derived from cortical/subcortical volume, surface area, cortical...
Abstract Shared etiological pathways are suggested in ASD and ADHD given high rates of comorbidity, phenotypic overlap shared genetic susceptibility. Given the peak cortical gyrification expansion emergence symptomology early development, we investigated morphology 539 children adolescents (6–17 years age) with (n=197) (n=96) compared to typically developing controls (n=246) using local Gyrification Index (lGI) provide insight into contributing etiopathological factors these two disorders....
Critical adolescent neural refinement is controlled by the DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) protein, a receptor for netrin-1 guidance cue. We sought to describe effects of reduced
Introduction : There is significant overlap in the type of structural language impairments exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD). This similarity suggests that cognitive impairment(s) contributing to deficits ASD ADHD may be shared. Previous studies have speculated procedural memory shared impairment. The hypothesis (PDH) argues can explained differences neural structures underlying network. based on premise comprising network...