A5044010605- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Phytoestrogen effects and research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Microscopic Colitis
- Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute
2016-2025
Harvard University
2016-2025
VA Boston Healthcare System
2022-2025
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2023-2025
Flinders Medical Centre
2023
Flinders University
2016-2022
Harvard University Press
2022
VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System
2021
Case Western Reserve University
2021
Vanderbilt University
2021
Abstract Background A higher intake of dietary fiber is associated with a decreased risk chronic inflammatory diseases such as cardiovascular disease and bowel disease. This may function in part due to abrogation systemic inflammation induced by factors dysbiotic gut communities. Data regarding the detailed influences long-term recent differing sources on human microbiome are lacking. Methods In cohort 307 generally healthy men, we examined microbiomes, profiled shotgun metagenomic...
ABSTRACT Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in the elderly. Recent studies have suggested that long-term PPI therapy is associated with fractures elderly, however mechanism remains unknown. We investigated association between ≥1 year and fracture risk factors including bone structure, falls, balance-related function a post hoc analysis of longitudinal population-based prospective cohort elderly postmenopausal women replicated findings second study falling women. Long-term was...
Objectives Gut-produced trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is postulated as a possible link between red meat intake and poor cardiometabolic health. We investigated whether gut microbiome could modify associations of dietary precursors with TMAO concentrations risk markers among free-living individuals. Design collected up to two pairs faecal samples (n=925) blood (n=473), 6 months apart, from 307 healthy men in the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study. Diet was assessed repeatedly using...
Abstract Among 626 participants of the Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study (2011–2013), we evaluated validity and reproducibility a self-administered 152-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) using two 7-day dietary records (7DDRs), 4 Automated Self-Administered 24-hour recalls (ASA24s), four urine samples, 1 doubly labeled water measurement (repeated in 104 participants), 2 fasting blood collected over 15 months. Compared with 7DDRs, SFFQs underestimated energy intake,...
Abstract In addition to providing nutritional and bioactive factors necessary for infant development, human breast milk contains bacteria that contribute the establishment of commensal microbiota in infant. However, composition this bacterial community differs considerably between studies. We hypothesised DNA extraction methodology from samples are a substantial contributor these inter-study differences. tested hypothesis by applying five widely employed methodologies mock sample four...
ABSTRACT Background and Aims Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a leading cause of chronic worldwide. As SLD pathogenesis has been linked to gut microbiome alterations, we aimed identify SLD‐associated features early in development by utilising highly characterised cohort community‐dwelling younger adults. Methods Results At age 27 years, 588 participants the Raine Study Generation 2 underwent cross‐sectional assessment. Hepatic steatosis was quantified using validated magnetic resonance...
Background and Purpose— A short-term increase in dietary nitrate (NO 3 − ) improves markers of vascular health via formation nitric oxide other bioactive nitrogen oxides. Whether this translates into long-term disease risk reduction has yet to be examined. We investigated the association vegetable-derived intake with common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), plaque severity, ischemic cerebrovascular events elderly women (n=1226). Methods— Vegetable intake, lifestyle factors,...
Flavonoids are bioactive compounds found in foods such as tea, red wine, fruits and vegetables. Higher intakes of specific flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, have been linked to reduced mortality from vascular diseases cancers. However, the importance preventing all-cause remains uncertain. As such, we examined association intake flavonoids with subsequent among 93 145 young middle-aged women Nurses' Health Study II. During 1 838 946 person-years follow-up, 1808 participants died. When...
Objectives To identify indolepropionate (IPA)-predicting gut microbiota species, investigate potential diet–microbiota interactions, and examine the prospective associations of circulating IPA concentrations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in free-living individuals. Design We included 287 men from Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study, a substudy Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), who provided up to two pairs faecal samples blood samples. Diet was assessed...
Abstract Higher fruit intake is associated with lower risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. However, data on individual fruits are limited, the generalisability these findings to elderly remains uncertain. The objective this study was examine association apple mortality over 15 years in a cohort women aged 70 years. Secondary analyses explored relationships other outcomes. Usual assessed 1456 using FFQ. Incidence determined through Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data...
Abstract Background The conversion of plant lignans to bioactive enterolignans in the gastrointestinal tract is mediated through microbial processing. goal this study was examine relationships between lignan intake, plasma enterolactone concentrations, gut microbiome composition, and metabolic risk free-living male adults. Results In 303 men participating Men’s Lifestyle Validation Study (MLVS), intake assessed using two sets 7-day diet records, profiled shotgun sequencing up 2 pairs fecal...
The study aims to determine the shared genetic architecture between COVID-19 severity with existing medical conditions using electronic health record (EHR) data. We conducted a Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) of variants associated critical illness (n = 35) or hospitalization 42) due severe genome-wide association summary data from Host Genetics Initiative. PheWAS analysis was performed genotype-phenotype Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program (MVP). Phenotypes were defined by...
Abstract Background Higher baseline intakes of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages are associated with a lower risk chronic disease mortality in observational studies. However, associations between changes remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate 8-year (1) individual (2) composite measure (termed the ‘flavodiet’) that known be main contributors flavonoid intake subsequent total cause-specific mortality. Methods evaluated novel ‘flavodiet’ score included 55,786 females from Nurses’ Health Study...
Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. can lead to major complications including myocardial infarction (MI). The association dietary cholesterol with coronary remains inconsistent. We examined relation incidence MI among participants Million Veteran Program. Program prospective cohort database collecting genetic nongenetic factors influencing chronic diseases. analyzed data from 180 156 veterans complete information on relevant intake....
Abstract Ageing-associated cognitive decline affects more than half of those in long-term residential aged care. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiome-host interactions influence the effects modifiable risk factors. We investigated relationship between microbiome characteristics and severity impairment CI 159 residents Severe was associated with a significantly increased abundance proinflammatory bacterial species, including Methanobrevibacter smithii Alistipes finegoldii, decreased...
Dietary flavonoids, which have been implicated in lowering chronic disease risk and improving blood pressure, represent a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds found many commonly consumed foods such as tea, red wine, apples, berries. The bioactivity bioavailability more dietary flavonoids can be influenced by gastrointestinal microbiome metabolism. With demonstrated prebiotic antimicrobial effects vitro animal models, it is surprising that there are not human studies investigating the...