One year into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, diagnostic strategies, although central for contact tracing and other preventive measures, are still limited. To meet global demand, lower cost faster antigen tests severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection a convenient alternative to gold standard reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. We tested laboratory-based RT-PCR RNA two rapid (RAD) tests, based on immunochromatography test...

Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 has been studied, predominantly the classical IgG and its subclasses. Although IgE antibodies are typically specific allergens or parasites, a few reports describe their production in other viruses. Here, we investigated receptor binding domain (RBD) of Brazilian cohort following natural infection vaccination. Samples from 59 volunteers were assessed after (COVID-19), primary immunization with vectored (ChAdOx1) inactivated (CoronaVac) vaccines, booster mRNA...

Background Molecular epidemiology techniques allow us to track the HIV-1 transmission dynamics. Herein, we combined genetic, clinical and epidemiological data collected during routine treatment evaluate dynamics characteristics of clusters most prevalent subtypes in state São Paulo, Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 2,518 persons living HIV (PLWH) from 53 cities Paulo between Jan 2004 Feb 2015. The phylogenetic tree protease/reverse transcriptase (PR/RT) regions...

Transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) have been a constant threat to treatment efficacy. We evaluated TDRM in plasma RNA of 217 antiretroviral therapy-naive patients from sites the São Paulo metropolitan area, collected 2012 2014. The partial HIV-1 polymerase region was sequenced using Big Dye terminators at an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer. defined according Stanford database calibrated population (CPR v.6.0), but other (DRM) considered IAS list (IAS, 2014) and HIV Database Genotyping...

Practical laboratory proxies that correlate to vaccine efficacy may facilitate trials, identify nonresponders, and inform about boosting strategies. Among clinical markers, assays evaluate antibodies inhibit receptor-binding domain (RBD) ligation angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor (receptor-binding inhibition [RBI]) provide a surrogate for viral neutralization assays. We evaluated RBI before after median of 34 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 33-40) the second dose severe acute...

The world has been dealing with Aids for forty years, covid-19 accentuated societal inequalities and promoted a rupture in care prevention, including people living HIV. We compiled official HIV indicators, analyzed the impact of Brazil, at São Paulo State (SP), compared it to municipality Santo André (in state Paulo), which adopted linkage/retention strategies mitigate covid-19. From 2019 2020, suppression/adhesion rates remained stable. number new treatments decreased both Brazil (-19.75%)...

A recently diagnosed 22-year-old female with no history of transmission risk factors prompted a thorough investigation possible alternative factors. As the patient had evidence advanced disease and laboratory data compatible long-standing infection, past events were reviewed. About 10 years ago shared manicure utensils an older cousin, later known to be HIV infected; this phylogenetic analysis sequences both patients. Phylogenetic analyses partial HIV-1 polymerase envelope from patients...

1 Abstract Background Surveillance of COVID infection and isolation infected individuals is one the available tools to control spread SAR-CoV-2. Asymptomatic pre symptomatic are responsible for substantial transmission. RNA or antigen tests necessary identify non-symptomatic individuals. We tested feasibility using samples pooling offering different collection alternatives (swab/throat wash/saliva) volunteers a public health institute. Methods evaluated pool from frozen material previously...

INTRODUCTION: Improving HIV diagnostics and treatment is necessary to end the AIDS epidemic. Pooled plasma can be used identify patients with acute disease, even before serological tests. During dengue outbreaks, having symptoms common other viral diseases might seek medical care. METHODS: We evaluated RNA in pooled seronegative samples. RESULTS: After excluding individuals a known diagnosis, an HIV-1 prevalence of 0.73% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-1.76; 4/546 samples] was found....

Universal antiretroviral treatment with sustained viral suppression benefits patients and reduces HIV transmission. Effectiveness of therapy may be limited by drug resistance. Information on the resistance profile at failure its impact drugs subsidize subsequent strategies. Partial pol sequences from 319 failing first-line were analyzed for associated mutations (RAMs) subtype. Demographic data, CD4 T cell count, load, regimens mutational also investigated associations to response second-line...

A newer integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) cabotegravir was recently approved for both therapy and prophylaxis can play an essential role in the fight against AIDS. It shares similar resistance profile to dolutegravir, cornerstone of Brazilian antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, with about 600 thousand people living HIV Brazil currently on regimens that contain this INSTI. Health services São Paulo metropolitan area are responsible a large proportion ARV dispensation country. Estimating...

To analyze factors associated with detectable HIV viremia among transgender women/transvestites (TWT) in five Brazilian capitals.

ABSTRACT Although post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a powerful tool to abort HIV infection within 72 hours of exposure, blocking the establishment chronic infection, follow-up metrics this intervention are scarce. As antiretroviral use delays diagnosis biomarkers, moment perform serological evaluations must be considered avoid missed opportunities. We assessed return adherence after PEP dispensation in service Sao Paulo metropolitan area and reviewed literature, both showing limited current...

<title>Abstract</title> The humoral response of SARS-CoV-2 has been studied, primarily focusing on the classical IgG and subclasses. Although IgE antibodies are typically specific to allergens or parasites, a few reports describe its production in other viruses. Here, we investigated IgE-specific Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Brazilian cohort following natural infection vaccination. Samples from 59 volunteers were assessed after (COVID-19), primary immunization with vectored (ChAdOx1)...

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar fatores associados à viremia detectável de HIV entre mulheres transexuais/travestis (MTTr), em cinco capitais brasileiras. Métodos Dados referentes amostra MTTr com sorologia reagente para e carga viral (CV) detectável, um estudo transversal 2019 2021. As variáveis dependentes independentes foram, respectivamente: dosagem da viral, características socioeconômicas/demográficas; uso álcool/drogas; autopercepção saúde mental. Foi utilizada a regressão Poisson variância...

Two-Drug Regimens (2DR) have proven effective in clinical trials but real-world data, especially resource-limited settings, is limited.To evaluate viral suppression of lamivudine-based 2DR, with dolutegravir or ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (lopinavir/r, atazanavir/r darunavir/r), among all cases regardless selection criteria.A retrospective study, conducted an HIV clinic the metropolitan area São Paulo, Brazil. Per-protocol failure was defined as viremia above 200 copies/mL at...

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is free in Brazil and indicated for all people living with HIV since December 2013 regardless of CD4 T cell count. The benefits rapid ART include less risk AIDS non-AIDS conditions to the individual as well lower transmissibility (Undetectable = Untransmittable). However, introduction may take months after diagnosis an immediate treatment it not a priority many places. Method: We evaluated time loss follow-up (LTFU) 589 patients diagnosed up 6 months,...

Abstract Many aspects of the humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), such as its role in protection after natural infection, are still unclear. We evaluated IgA and IgG spike subunits 1 (S1 S2) Nucleocapsid proteins SARS‐COV‐2 serum samples 109 volunteers with viral RNA detected or seroconversion different clinical evolution (asymptomatic, mild, moderate, disease 2019), using ViraChip® Test Kit. observed that quantification antibodies all...

We documented the outcome of an over 10-year (2011-2021) effort to diagnose acute and early HIV infections (AEHI) in Infectious Diseases Outpatient Clinic with limited resources. Of a total 132, 119 HIV-RNA tests were performed from 2017 2020, 12 cases identified, using simple algorithm: risk exposure 6 weeks or less before visit and/or symptoms compatible retroviral syndrome 7-30 days after undetermined 3rd generation rapid diagnostic test serology. AEHI diagnoses varied 2.4% among...

Background HIV‐associated lipoatrophy in a common and stigmatizing side effect of HIV infection, is aggravated by antiretroviral therapy; its presence causes distress compromises adherence to therapy. PMMA filling often associated with pain discomfort. Objective To evaluate outpatient intervention using local dentistry anesthesia. Methods Patients complaining facial lipoatrophy, from 10/2007 11/2011, were offered the PMMA. Cases bleeding potential, acute or decompensated chronic diseases use...