Lipid peroxidation products such as the naturally occurring aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) are known to be cytotoxic toward different cell types, including spermatozoa. In order understand this at molecular level, we have employed a proteomic approach characterize direct 4-HNE adducts on human Several proteins were identified of particular interest, labeling histone methyltransferase and dynein heavy chain. addition, found that bound part activation segment, cysteine residue 199, protein...

Cryopreservation of spermatozoa is a pivotal tool in assisted reproduction, and studies aiming to establish optimal freezing/thawing protocols are essential enhance sperm survival. The objectives the present study were (1) compare cryoprotective efficiency three different glycerol concentrations (3%, 5%, 7%) on basis post-thaw quality (2) investigate whether incidence morphologically abnormal fresh samples related cryodamage sensitivity. Semen was collected from six tomcats using an...

Abstract Using semen data from 1271 ejaculates (79 different bulls, 11 breeds) we have investigated the variability of quality in cattle living sub-tropical conditions. Modelling shows definitive evidence seasonal variation. Semen same bulls had a 90% “pass rate” for cryopreservation purposes winter, dropping to less than 50% summer. Notably, individual could be classified as either “heat-tolerant” (produce good spermatozoa all year regardless temperature) or “heat-sensitive” (only produce...

The maturation of spermatozoa throughout the epididymal environment occurs in complete absence nuclear protein biosynthesis. As such, these cells rely heavily on posttranslational modifications existing proteins order to obtain potential for fertilization. We have used an OxiCat approach label both free and oxidized cysteine residues rat sperm compared ratio reduced:oxidized peptides as undergo transit. In all, 20 peptides, corresponding 15 proteins, underwent a change their redox status....

Male infertility is widespread and estimated to affect 1 in 20 men. Although some cases the etiology of condition well understood, for at least 50% men, underlying cause yet be classified. infertility, or subfertility, often diagnosed by looking total sperm produced, motility cells overall morphology. counting spermatozoa their associated routine, morphology assessment highly subjective, mainly because procedure being based on microscopic examination. A failure diagnose male-infertility...

Mammalian spermatozoa acquire fertilizing potential as they undergo a series of changes during epididymal transit. One major facet such is the alterations in sperm glycome. Modifications sialic acid content within glycan moieties are known to regulate epitope presentation and cellular adhesion signaling, all which may be critical for successfully reach fertilize egg. To date, there paucity information regarding that occur on Therefore, aim this study was identify N-linked sialylated...

The free-radical theory of male infertility suggests that reactive oxygen species produced by the spermatozoa themselves are a leading cause sperm dysfunction, including loss motility. However, field is overshadowed on several fronts, primarily because: i) probes used to measure (ROS) imprecise; and ii) many reports suggesting radicals detrimental function add an exogenous source ROS. Herein, more reliable approach superoxide anion production human based MS analysis used. Furthermore,...

The occurrence of a high incidence sperm tail defects in male domestic cat resembling the known 'Dag-like' defect is reported. Sperm analyses were performed ejaculated samples collected by an artificial vagina and testicular epididymal cells after castration. following alterations observed using transmission electron microscope: heavily coiled tails containing several axonemal units enclosed same common cell membrane; aberrations main structure; swollen unevenly distributed mitochondria...

In mammalian species, oocyte activation is initiated by oscillations in the intracellular concentration of free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i), which are also essential to allow embryonic development. To date, evidence supporting hypothesis that a sperm factor responsible for initiating has been presented various species. Among possible candidates be active novel sperm-specific phospholipase C ζ (PLCζ), besides its testis-specific expression capable [Ca(2+)]i oscillations. this study, we investigated...

What is the nuclear heterogeneity of high-density purified human spermatozoa typically used for IVF purposes.The data show that while density gradient separation has improved overall sperm population, there still a large degree within these cells.Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) an important DNA binding fluorochrome assessment male-factor fertility. It to predict outcomes on entire ejaculates with very high receiver operating characteristic. Here we CMA3 characterise typical populations would be...

Considering the efficiency of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs) in immunomodulation breeding-induced endometritis and possibility using these by intrauterine route instead parenteral application, present study aimed at evaluating effect SAIDs added to semen extender on equine sperm viability fertility. In experiment 1, 15 were individually a skim milk-based and, based results motility, dexamethasone was drug choice for subsequent trials. The fresh 24-hour cooled investigated 2. 3,...

After ejaculation, mammalian spermatozoa must undergo a process known as capacitation in order to successfully fertilize the oocyte. Several post-translational modifications occur during capacitation, including sialylation, which despite being limited few proteins, seems be essential for proper sperm-oocyte interaction. Regardless of its importance, date, no single study has ever identified nor quantified glycoproteins bearing terminal sialic acid (Sia) are altered capacitation. Here we...

Freeze-drying sperm seems to be the ultimate alternative preserve cells from endangered species because of its easiness in transportation and storage samples. This technique has already been used for equine, bovine, murine, rabbit, canine, feline cells. However, it is still important verify DNA integrity such samples produce viable offspring. The objective this study was reliability acridine orange (AO) staining assess damage freeze-dried Three normospermic cats were as donors, collected...

From the Tropic of Capricorn to Equator, seasonality domestic cat is known be absent, i.e., these animals are considered non-seasonal breeders at regions. We hypothesized that this particularity might have some influence on in vitro embryo production. The aim experiment was determine percentage cleavage and morulae blastocyst formation produced from oocytes recovered queen ovaries three distinct status - follicular, luteal or inactive during two different reproductive seasons experienced by...

Male subfertility or infertility is a common condition often characterized by men producing low number of sperm with poor quality. To gain insight into this condition, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis semen samples obtained from infertile and fertile men. At least 6 proteins showed significant differences in regulation alternatively spliced isoforms. investigate link between aberrant alternative splicing production poor-quality spermatozoa, overexpressed the hnrnpH/F-orthologue...

Testicular heat stress is a well described phenomenon that occurs in mammals possess scrotum. Different models to induce testicular hyperthermia, such as surgical cryptorchidism, hot water bath, scrotal insulation or increased environmental temperature have all shown spermatocytes and spermatids are unambiguously affected by high temperature, resulting poor sperm production weeks later. Furthermore, body of evidence suggest the involvement oxidative either major contributory pathway, which...

Testosterone is a steroid hormone known to be critically involved in the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. For this reason, objective study was investigate concentration testosterone blood seminal plasma their relationship sperm count domestic cat. Six adult mixed-breed male cats, exposed more than 12h natural light per day were used as semen donors. Semen collection performed during breeding season (October December) with at least 2-d interval all tomcats submitted on same day....

The sperm viability after cryopreservation is influenced by many factors as: the stallion, procedures during semen collection, dilution, centrifugation, extenders, cryoprotectant and freezing-thawing protocols. Glycerol most common used to freeze from different species. However, use of glycerol could be an important factor related low post-thaw motility fertility equine frozen semen, especially in some stallions considered "poor freezers". amides seem alternative when freezing semen....