We examined the transcriptional signaling cascade involved in changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and function skeletal muscle exercise capacity humans response to long-term physical activity chronic heart failure (CHF). Biopsy samples vastus lateralis were obtained from 18 healthy subjects with different fitness levels (assessed by maximal oxygen uptake, VO2 peak). compared 9 sedentary 10 CHF patients undergoing transplantation. Muscle oxidative was measured permeabilized fibers (Vmax)....

This study explores the importance of creatine kinase (CK) in regulation muscle mitochondrial respiration human subjects depending on their level physical activity. Volunteers were classified as sedentary, active or athletic according to total activity index determined by Baecke questionnaire combination with maximal oxygen uptake values (peak V̇ O2 , expressed ml min −1 kg ). All volunteers underwent a cyclo‐ergometric incremental exercise test estimate peak and at ventilatory threshold...

This study investigates whether adaptations of mitochondrial function accompany the improvement endurance performance capacity observed in well-trained athletes after an intermittent hypoxic training program. Fifteen endurance-trained performed two weekly sessions on treadmill at velocity associated with second ventilatory threshold (VT2) inspired O2 fraction = 14.5% [hypoxic group (Hyp), n 8] or 21% [normoxic (Nor), 7], integrated into their usual training, for 6 wk. Before and oxygen...

Evidence is emerging to support the concept that failing heart "energy depleted" and defects in energy metabolism are important determinants development progression of disease. We have shown previously depressed mitochondrial function cardiac skeletal muscles chronic failure linked decreased expression gene encoding transcriptional proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha, inducible regulator biogenesis its transcription cascade, leading altered proteins. However, oxidative...

Background: Asthma continues to be a global public health problem, and community pharmacists are at the center of drug therapy in areas such as Greater Accra, Ghana. Methods: This study determined what 177 knew about managing asthma barriers they faced their practice. Data were collected using structured questionnaire regarding demographics, knowledge, daily management practices, perceived barriers. Results: Most (55.93%) had good understanding management, 42.37% moderate 1.69% poor results...

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inspiratory muscles face increased resistive and elastic workloads therefore energy requirements. The adaptive response of these to this higher demand includes oxidative enzymes changes in contractile protein expression but the consequences on mitochondrial function metabolism have not been assessed so far. We investigated situ properties mitochondria costal diaphragm external intercostal using skinned fiber technique 9 emphysematous 11 age-matched...

Abstract As energetic metabolism is crucial for muscles, they develop different adaptations to respond fluctuating demand among muscle types. Whereas quantitative characteristics are known, no study described simultaneously and qualitative differences types in terms of substrates utilization patterns. This thus defined the pattern preferential by mitochondria from glycolytic gastrocnemius (GAS) oxidative soleus (SOL) skeletal muscles heart left ventrical (LV) rats. We measured situ, ADP (2...

Heart failure is associated with alterations in cardiac and skeletal muscle energy metabolism resulting a generalized myopathy. We investigated the molecular cellular effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEi) on infarcted animals. Myocardial infarction (MI) was obtained by left descending coronary artery ligation. Sham, MI, MI-treated rats (perindopril, 2 mg.kg(-1).day(-1) given 7 days after MI) were studied 1 4 mo surgery. Oxygen consumption white gastrocnemius (Gas)...

Nymphaea lotus L. (N. lotus) is an aquatic plant with anecdotal reports suggesting its use in the traditional management of cancer. However, there a paucity data on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties N. relation to phytochemical elemental contents. This study aimed at determining hydro-ethanolic extract leaves (NLE), phenolic, flavonoid constituents.The antioxidant property NLE was determined using total phenolic flavonoid, DPPH radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Current pharmacological interventions only retard DN progression. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) a potent antioxidant with beneficial effect in other diabetic complications. This study investigates whether ALA supplementation prevents early development and progression DN.Fifty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to healthy control groups subjected overnight fasting. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was...

Piliostigma reticulatum (Caesalpiniaceae) is used in Africa as a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, such malaria, tuberculosis and diarrhoea. We investigated antidiarrhoeal properties crude ethanol extract from stem bark (EEPR) Wistar albino rats to substantiate its use determine phytochemical constituents. The activity plant was evaluated castor oil-induced diarrhoea model compared with loperamide. effect on gastrointestinal motility also determined by oral...

Mitochondrial function and metabolic profile of slow fast skeletal muscles cardiac muscle are altered in chronic heart failure (CHF), suggesting a generalized myopathy this disease. The aim study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects voluntary activity on energetics failure.Heart induced rats by aortic stenosis. Four months after surgery, part sham CHF animals were randomly assigned cages equipped with running wheels for 8 weeks or kept sedentary. capacity regulation measured...

Objectives: This study presents the antispasmodic and antibacterial properties of an ethanol extract fractions stem bark Piliostigma reticulatum. Materials Methods: The effects its were performed on isolated rabbit duodenum. determined as minimal inhibitory bactericidal concentration P. reticulatum susceptible resistant strains Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae Salmonella tiphymurium. Results: (except for heptane) produced concentration-dependent...

Obesity and overweight are metabolic disorders associated with oxidative stress, risk factors for many chronic diseases. We sought to investigate the effects of Metaswitch dietary supplement on weight gain acute alterations in a high-fat diet-induced rat model.Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were put into 6 groups. Control groups fed normal (NCD) or diet (HFD). Treatment HFD receieved 3 different daily doses weeks. Another group received Slimrite® (phenylpropanolamine), standard drug. Rats...

Abstract Background : The hydro-ethanolic extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn whole plant has demonstrated analgesic effects in acute pain models. also anticonvulsant murine models experimental epilepsy. present study illustrates an evaluation the for possible properties hyperalgesia and allodynia associated with vincristine-induced neuropathy rats. Methods Neuropathic was induced Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting 100 μg/kg vincristine sulphate on alternative days 6 (days 0, 2, 4, 8,...

Synedrella nodiflora is used by traditional healers in Ghana for the management of epilepsy and pain. The hydro-ethanolic extract whole plant has demonstrated antinociceptive effect various animal models This study investigated potential benefit a rat model paclitaxel-induced neuropathic Neuropathy was induced rats continuous intraperitoneal administration paclitaxel (2 mg/kg) 5 days. Baseline latencies to thermal pain were recorded before first injection during day induction period....

Background and Objectives: Altered copper zinc homeostasis may influence the antioxidant defense system consequently lead to oxidative stress associated complications in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. Iron levels have been reported increase patients due frequent blood transfusion, chronic intravenous haemolysis increased absorption of iron from gastrointestinal tract. These elevated also extensive damage. The current study evaluated serum iron, SCD "healthy" controls. Materials Methods:...

There is considerable evidence that many people take dietary supplements including those of herbal origin as an alternative therapy to improve their health. One such supplement, with amalgam constituents, CellGevity®. However, the effect this supplement on drug-metabolizing enzymes poorly understood, it has not been studied extensively. Therefore, we investigated CellGevity selected rat liver microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, most common enzymes. We also determined total antioxidant...

Chronic immunosuppressive treatment was suspected to alter maximal muscle oxidative capacity (Vmax ) of heart transplant recipients, leading a limitation their exercise tolerance. It remains undefined whether the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) right ventricle (RV) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles were altered by immunosuppressants and/or vehicles. Vmax measured polarographically in saponin-skinned fibres RV VL biopsies patients compared with healthy myocardium. Effects increasing...

Trichilia monadelpha is a common medicinal plant used traditionally in treating central nervous system conditions such as epilepsy, depression, pain, and psychosis. In this study, the antidepressant-like effect of crude extracts stem bark T. was investigated using two classical murine models, forced swimming test (FST) tail suspension (TST). The extracts, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, hydroethanolic (30-300 mg/kg, p.o.), standard drug (imipramine; fluoxetine, 3-30 saline (vehicle) were...