A5087017749- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
- Ginkgo biloba and Cashew Applications
Agricultural Research Service
2014-2025
United States Department of Agriculture
2012-2022
University of Mississippi
2004-2018
National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research
2002-2015
Monsanto (United States)
2002-2003
University of Chicago
1993-1994
University of Illinois Chicago
1990
Northern Illinois University
1990
Although the function of silicon (Si) in plant physiology has long been debated, its beneficial effects on resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, including insect herbivory, have well documented. In addition, jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway plays a crucial role mediating antiherbivore defense responses plants. However, potential interactions between JA Si response to attack not examined directly. To explore may play Si-enhanced resistance, we silenced expression allene oxide...
Abstract The spontaneous occurrence of resistance to the herbicide glyphosate in weed species has been an extremely infrequent event, despite over 20 years extensive use. Recently, a glyphosate-resistant biotype goosegrass (Eleusine indica) was identified Malaysia exhibiting LD50 value approximately 2- 4-fold greater than sensitive collected from same region. A comparison inhibition 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) activity by extracts prepared resistant (R) and (S)...
Antifungal compounds exert their activity through a variety of mechanisms, some which are poorly understood. Novel approaches to characterize the mechanism action antifungal agents will be great use in drug development process. The aim present study was investigate changes gene expression profile Saccharomyces cerevisiae following exposure representatives four currently available classes used management systemic fungal infections. Microarray analysis indicated differential 0.8, 4.1, 3.0, and...
Benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (BOA) is an allelochemical most commonly associated with monocot species, formed from the O-glucoside of 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one by a two-step degradation process. The capacity Arabidopsis to detoxify exogenously supplied BOA was analyzed quantification major known metabolites BOA-6-OH, BOA-6-O-glucoside, and glucoside carbamate, revealing that detoxification occurs predominantly through O-glucosylation intermediate likely requiring sequential action...
Plant resistance to glyphosate has been reported far less frequently than sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. However, these studies tend be anecdotal, without side by comparisons for a single species or natural isolate. In this study, we tested the frequencies of three herbicides in controlled ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) saturation mutagenesis experiment, allowing direct comparison at which resistant mutant plants arise. The 100% growth inhibition dose rates glyphosate, chlorsulfuron...
Sorghum is considered to be one of the more allelopathic crop species, producing phytotoxins such as potent benzoquinone sorgoleone (2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-[(Z,Z)-8′,11′,14′-pentadecatriene]-p-benzoquinone) and its analogs. Sorgoleone likely accounts for much allelopathy spp., typically representing predominant constituent bicolor root exudates. Previous ongoing studies suggest that biosynthetic pathway this plant growth inhibitor occurs in hair cells, involving a polyketide synthase activity...
Abstract Sorghum bicolor is considered to be an allelopathic crop species, producing phytotoxins such as the lipid benzoquinone sorgoleone, which likely accounts for many of properties spp. Current evidence suggests that sorgoleone biosynthesis occurs exclusively in root hair cells and involves production alkylresorcinolic intermediate (5-[(Z,Z)-8′,11′,14′-pentadecatrienyl]resorcinol) derived from unusual 16:3Δ9,12,15 fatty acyl-CoA starter unit. This led suggestion involvement one or more...
Nitrogen (N) and silicon (Si) are two important nutritional elements required for plant growth, both impact host resistance toward insect herbivores. The interaction between the may therefore play a significant role in determining resistance. We investigated this rice (Oryza sativa L.) its effect on to herbivore brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (BPH). Our results indicate that high-level (5.76 mM) N fertilization reduced Si accumulation leaves, furthermore, decrease was likely due...
Among their responses to microbial infection, plants deploy an arsenal of natural antibiotic products. Historically these have been identified on the basis activity in vitro, which leaves open question relevance defense planta. The vast majority such products from important crop plant rice (Oryza sativa) are diterpenoids whose biosynthesis proceeds via either ent- or syn-copalyl diphosphate (CPP) intermediates, were isolated against fungal blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. However, gene for...
Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs or P450s) play an important role in detoxifying insecticides leading to resistance insect populations. A polyphagous pest, Spodoptera litura, has developed a wide range of insecticides. In the present study, novel gene, CYP321B1, was cloned from S. litura. The function CYP321B1 assessed using RNA interference (RNAi) and monitoring levels for three commonly used insecticides, including chlorpyrifos, β-cypermethrin methomyl. full-length complementary...
Allelopathic activity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has previously been associated with the production phenolic acids and flavonoids (PAF), benzoxazinones (BXZs) phenoxazinones (PXZs). The biosynthesis BXZs is closely regulated during cereal growth, accumulation highest in young tissues variation genotype environmental conditions. This review focused on BXZ metabolites their impact germination, seedling growth physiological, biochemical, transcriptional proteome traits surrounding plants...
SUMMARY Tiller angle is an important determinant of plant architecture in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Auxins play a critical role determining architecture; however, the underlying metabolic and signaling mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, we have identified member bZIP family TGA class transcription factors, OsbZIP49 , that participates regulation specifically expressed gravity‐sensing tissues, including shoot base, nodes lamina joints. Transgenic plants overexpressing...
Temperature control is crucial for live cell imaging, particularly in studies involving plant responses to high ambient temperatures and thermal stress. This study presents the design, development, testing of two cost-effective heating devices tailored confocal microscopy applications: an aluminum heat plate a wireless mini-heater. The plate, engineered integrate seamlessly with standard 160 mm × 110 microscope stage, supports up 36°C, suitable range non-stressful warm (e.g., 25-27°C...
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide that has been used extensively for more than 20 yr. The first glyphosate-resistant weed biotype appeared in 1996; it involved rigid ryegrass population from Australia exhibited an LD50 value approximately 10-fold higher of sensitive biotypes. We have characterized gene expression levels and glyphosate sensitivity 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the target enzyme inhibition, resistant lines derived this population. Restriction...
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that induces oxygen-regulated genes in response to reduced oxygen conditions (hypoxia). Expression of the HIF-1α subunit correlates positively with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis cancer patients. Green tea catechins are believed be responsible for chemopreventive activities green tea. We found (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG, 1), one major catechins, strongly activates HIF-1 T47D human breast carcinoma cells. Among...
Summary Resveratrol and related stilbenes are thought to play important roles in defence responses several plant species have also generated considerable interest as nutraceuticals owing their diverse health‐promoting properties. Pterostilbene, a 3,5‐dimethylether derivative of resveratrol, possesses properties similar its parent compound and, additionally, exhibits significantly higher fungicidal activity vitro superior pharmacokinetic vivo . Recombinant enzyme studies carried out using...
Sorgoleone, a major component of the hydrophobic root exudates Sorghum spp., is probably responsible for many allelopathic properties attributed to members this genus. Much biosynthetic pathway compound has been elucidated, with exception enzyme catalysis addition two hydroxyl groups resorcinol ring. A library prepared from isolated bicolor hair cells was first mined P450-like sequences, which were then analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)...
In insects, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s or CYPs) are known to be involved in the detoxification and metabolism of insecticides, leading increased resistance insect populations. Spodoptera exigua is a serious polyphagous pest worldwide has developed various insecticides. this study, novel CYP3 clan gene CYP9A105 was identified characterized from S. exigua. The cDNAs encoded 530 amino acid proteins, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that expressed at all...
Abstract While moderately elevated ambient temperatures do not trigger stress responses in plants, they substantially stimulate the growth of specific organs through a process known as thermomorphogenesis. The basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) plays central role regulating thermomorphogenetic hypocotyl elongation various plant species, including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Although it is well that PIF4 and its co-activator HEMERA...
Pterostilbene, a naturally occurring phenolic compound produced by agronomically important plant genera such as Vitis and Vacciunium, is phytoalexin exhibiting potent antifungal activity. Additionally, recent studies have demonstrated several pharmacological properties associated with pterostilbene. Despite this, systematic study of the effects pterostilbene on eukaryotic cells at molecular level has not been previously reported. Thus, aim present was to identify cellular pathways affected...