Abstract Background Cancer‐associated cachexia (CAC) is a complex syndrome of progressive muscle wasting and adipose loss with metabolic dysfunction, severely increasing the morbidity mortality risk in cancer patients. However, there are limited studies focused on underlying mechanisms progression CAC due to complexity this lack preclinical models that mimics its stagewise progression. Methods We characterized initiation transgenic female mice ovarian tumours. measured proposed biomarkers...

The development of thermogenic adipocytes concurs with mitochondrial biogenesis, an iron-dependent pathway. Iron regulatory proteins (IRP) 1 and 2 are RNA-binding that regulate intracellular iron homeostasis. IRPs bind to the iron-response element (IRE) their target mRNAs, balancing uptake deposition at posttranscriptional levels. However, IRP/IRE-dependent regulation in is largely unknown. We hypothesized demands higher brown/beige than white maintain capacity. To test this hypothesis, we...

St. John’s Wort (SJW) has been used as an estrogen agonist in the systems affected by menopause. Also, hypericin, a bioactive compound of SJW, photosensitizer photodynamic therapy. In present study, we investigate anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects SJW to demonstrate chemo-preventive effect human breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were cultured with DMSO or various concentrations ethanol extract (SJWE). Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, expression proteins involved cell...

Supplementation with n-3 long-chain (LC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is known to promote thermogenesis via the activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Agricultural products that are biofortified α-linolenic acid (ALA), precursor LC PUFA, have been launched market, but their impact on BAT function unknown. This study aimed evaluate effects ALA-biofortified butter lipid metabolism and thermogenic functions in BAT. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet containing (n3Bu, 45% calorie...

Adaptive thermogenesis is an iron-demanding pathway, significantly contributing to whole-body energy expenditure. However, the effects of iron-deficient diets on adaptive and obesity remain unknown. We aimed determine impact dietary iron deficiency homeostasis in adipocytes, thermogenic capacity, metabolic consequences obesity. C57BL/6 male mice were assigned either iron-adequate (IA, 35 ppm) or group (ID, 3 at weaning. Upon 8 wk age, both IA ID groups received isocaloric high-fat diet (45%...

The authors aim to investigate the mechanisms by which red raspberry (RR) polyphenolic fractions regulate obesity and inflammation with an emphasis on crosstalk between adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) adipocyte progenitors.C57BL/6 male mice are fed either a high-fat (HF) diet or HF supplemented RR fraction from whole fruit, pulp, seed. Supplementation pulp significantly increases energy expenditure reduces HF-diet-induced insulin resistance. lesser extent, polyphenols, decreases recruitment...

Obesity occurs when a person's calorie intake exceeds the amount of energy burns, which may lead to pathologic growth adipocytes and accumulation fat in tissues.In this study, effect mechanism pear pomace extracts on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation apoptosis mature were investigated.The effects extract cell viability anti-adipogenic proapoptotic investigated via MTT assay, Oil red O staining, western blot analysis assay.3T3-L1 preadipocytes stimulated with DMEM containing 10% FBS, 0.5 mM...

We examined the inhibitory effects of loquat methanol extract on adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Cells were cultured with DMSO or 10, 25, 50 microg/ml extract. Both leaf seed extracts significantly inhibited growth cells in a dose-dependent manner, although was more effective. Adhesion migration by manner. Loquat also manner effective than MMP-2 MMP-9 Our results indicate that inhibit partially through...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients display distinct phenotypes of cachexia development, with either adipose tissue loss preceding skeletal muscle wasting or only tissue. Activin A levels were measured in serum and analyzed tumor specimens both a cohort Stage IV PDAC the genetically engineered KPC mouse model. Our data revealed that activin significantly elevated comparison to age-matched non-cancer patients. Little is known about role setting cancer cachexia. We established...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The anti-diabetic activity of pear through inhibition α-glucosidase has been demonstrated.However, little reported about the effect on insulin signaling pathway in obesity.The aims this study are to establish pomace 50% ethanol extract (PPE)-induced improvement sensitivity and characterize its action mechanism 3T3-L1 cells high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice.MATERIALS/METHODS: Lipid accumulation, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion glucose uptake were...

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES:The effect of St. John's Wort extract (SJW) on MG-63 cell proliferation and trabecular bone loss induced by ovariectomy was examined.MATERIALS/METHODS: Proliferation, expression estrogen receptor (ER) α ER β, gene expressions osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were examined in cells treated with or without SJW.Ovariectomized rats SJW at the dose 100 200 mg/kg/day, β-estradiol-3-benzoate (E2), vehicle only (OVX-C), sham operated...

Iron is an essential biometal, but toxic if it exists in excess. Therefore, iron content tightly regulated at cellular and systemic levels to meet metabolic demands avoid toxicity. We have recently reported that adaptive thermogenesis, a critical pathway maintain whole-body energy homeostasis, iron-demanding process for rapid biogenesis of mitochondria. However, little information available on mobilization from storage sites thermogenic fat. This study aimed determine the iron-regulatory...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assess the potential of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) prevent obesity and abnormalities in lipid metabolism induced by ovariectomy a rat model without stimulatory activity on uterus.MATERIALS/METHODS: Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were treated for 6 weeks with 70% ethanol extracts Hypericum perforatum [HPEs: whole plant (WHPE) flower leaves (FLHPE)], β-estradiol-3-benzoate at dose 50 μg/kg/day (E2) or vehicle (distilled water).RESULTS:...

The present study was conducted to examine the inhibitory effect of loquat leaves on MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and invasion. Female athymic nude mice were given a subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation cells randomly grouped receive s.c. injection either 500 mg/kg ethanol, water extract or vehicle five times week. Tumor growth, mitotic rate necrosis examined. cultured with DMSO various concentrations ethanol extract. Proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)...

Although the red pepper and its seeds have been studied for metabolic diseases, effects potential mechanisms of seed extract (RPS) on hepatic lipid accumulation are not yet completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate inhibitory effect RPS via autophagy. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD supplemented with RPS. treatment inhibited by suppressing lipogenesis, inducing autophagic flux, activating AMPK in HFD-fed mice. To investigate an oleic acid (OA)-induced steatosis...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Reducing the number of adipocytes by inducing apoptosis mature as well suppressing differentiation preadipocytes plays an important role in preventing obesity.This study examines anti-adipogenic and pro-apoptotic effect red pepper seed water extract (RPS) prepared at 4°C (RPS4) 3T3-L1 cells.MATERIALS/METHODS: Effect RPS4 or its fractions on lipid accumulation was determined cells using oil O (ORO) staining.The expressions AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) adipogenic...

The rational regulation of programmed cell death by means autophagy and apoptosis has been considered a potential treatment strategy for cancer. We demonstrated the inhibitory effect St. John’s Wort (SJW) on growth in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) line xenografted mice its target mechanism concerning autophagic apoptotic death. SJW ethanol extract (SJWE) inhibited proliferation dose-dependent manner. SJWE dramatically increased flux compared with control. inhibitor, 3-methyladenine...

Obesity is the main risk factor for metabolic syndromes and there has been an upsurge in demand effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigated effect of red pepper seed water extract (RPS) on process differentiation 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RPS treatment significantly suppressed cellular lipid accumulation reduced expression adipocytes-associated proteins, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-[Formula: see text] (PPAR-[Formula: text]), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins [Formula:...

Folate (vitamin B9) is involved in one-carbon transfer reactions and plays a significant role nucleic acid synthesis control of cellular proliferation, among other key processes. It now recognized that the folates different stages carcinogenesis complex, more research needed to understand how folate become dysregulated cancers metabolic consequences occur as result. ALDH1L1 (cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase), an enzyme metabolism expressed many tissues, ubiquitously...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:In this study, the inhibitory effect of Erythronium japonicum extracts on metastasis MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line was determined.MATERIALS/METHODS: Cells were cultured with DMSO or 50, 75, 100 250 μg/ml methanol ethanol extract.RESULTS: Both and significantly inhibited growth induced apoptosis cells in a dose-dependent manner.Erythronium adhesion cells.The invasion suppressed by manner.The motility MMP-2 MMP-9 activities also both extracts.CONCLUSIONS: Our...

Poorly regulated inflammation is believed to be the most predominant factor that can result in a wide scope of diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). Despite many studies on effect pear pomace obesity-related disorders dysregulated gut microbiota, protective AD still unknown. This study aimed evaluate ethanol extract (PPE) by inhibiting inflammation.In vivo experiment, 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was applied NC/Nga mice induce AD-like skin lesions. After induction, PPE administered...

Abstract ALDH1L2, a mitochondrial enzyme in folate metabolism, converts 10‐formyl‐THF (10‐formyltetrahydrofolate) to THF (tetrahydrofolate) and CO 2 . At the cellular level, deficiency of this NADP + ‐dependent reaction results marked reduction NADPH/NADP ratio reduced ATP. Thus far, single patient with biallelic ALDH1L2 variants phenotype neurodevelopmental disorder has been reported. Here, we describe another associated novel homozygous missense variant , Pro133His. The caused activity...