A5030652022- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Reproductive tract infections research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Sex work and related issues
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Computational and Text Analysis Methods
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Airway Management and Intubation Techniques
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2018-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2017-2024
Ain Shams University
2020-2024
The Centers
2020-2024
CDC Foundation
2024
Government of the United States of America
2022
Emory University
2021
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2021
Public Health Institute
2021
Memorial
2021
Vaginal products for HIV prevention that can be used on-demand before or after sex may a preferable option women with low frequency unplanned sexual activity who prefer not to use daily long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We performed dose ranging pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy studies of vaginally applied insert containing tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) elvitegravir (EVG) in macaques under PrEP post-exposure (PEP) modalities.
Daily oral pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP PEP) is highly effective in preventing HIV infection. However, many people find it challenging to adhere a daily regimen. Chemoprophylaxis with single doses of antiretroviral drugs taken before after sex may better adapt changing unanticipated sexual practices and be desirable alternative PrEP PEP. We investigated willingness use pill among men who have (MSM) assessed the biological efficacy potent combination containing elvitegravir (EVG),...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated immunosuppression may increase the risk of hospitalization with mpox. Among persons diagnosed mpox in state Georgia, we characterized association between and HIV status. People a CD4 count <350 cells/mm3 or who were not engaged care had an increased hospitalization.
Abstract We investigated transmission dynamics of a large human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outbreak among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in KY and OH during 2017–20 by using detailed phylogenetic, network, recombination, cluster dating analyses. Using polymerase (pol) sequences from 193 people associated with the investigation, we document high HIV-1 diversity, including Subtype B (44.6 per cent); numerous circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) CRF02_AG (2.5 cent) CRF02_AG-like (21.8 many...
Abstract Background Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-based regimens are being evaluated for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We used a macaque model of repeated exposures to simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) investigate whether TAF alone or the combination and emtricitabine (FTC) can prevent vaginal infection. Methods Pigtail macaques were exposed vaginally SHIV162p3 once week up 15 weeks. Animals received clinical doses FTC/TAF (n = 6) 9) orally 24 hours before 2 after each weekly...
Abstract We used a novel penile simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) transmission model to investigate whether long-acting cabotegravir (CAB LA) prevents SHIV acquisition in macaques. Twenty-two macaques were exposed via the foreskin and urethra once weekly for 12 weeks. Of these, 6 received human-equivalent doses of CAB LA, oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, 10 untreated. The efficacy LA was high (94.4%; 95% confidence interval, 58.2%–99.3%) similar that seen with...
Persons with HIV (PWH), aware of their infection but not in care account for an estimated 42.6% transmissions the United States. Health departments and clinics implemented a collaborative data-to-care strategy to identify persons newly out-of-care objective increasing re-engagement, retention medical care, viral load suppression.A multi-site, prospective randomised trial was conducted PWH using surveillance clinic data Connecticut (CT), Massachusetts (MA) Philadelphia (PHL). All participants...
Abstract Objectives To advance the initiative of ending global epidemic, long-lasting HIV protection is needed through sustained release antiretroviral drugs for months to years. We investigated in macaques safety and efficacy biodegradable polycaprolactone implants releasing tenofovir alafenamide pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Methods Implants were administered subcutaneously arm using a contraceptive trocar. Efficacy against vaginal simian-HIV (SHIV) infection was six pigtailed that...
A collaborative, data-to-care strategy to identify persons with HIV (PWH) newly out-of-care, combined an active public health intervention, significantly increases the proportion of PWH re-engaged in care. We assessed this strategy's impact on durable viral suppression (DVS).
Vaginal microbicides containing antiretrovirals (ARVs) have shown to prevent vaginally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but these products may not protect women who engage in anal sex. Intravaginal dosing with ARVs has result drug exposures rectal tissues, thus raising the possibility of dual compartment protection. To test this concept, we investigated whether intravaginal emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir (TFV) gel, which fully protected macaques against repeated vaginal simian...
Abstract We evaluated the performance of self-collected anterior nasal swab (ANS) and saliva samples compared with healthcare worker–collected nasopharyngeal specimens used to test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). same PCR diagnostic panel all from participants at a public hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Among 1,076 participants, 51.9% were men, 57.1% >50 years age, 81.2% Black (non-Hispanic), 74.9% reported >1 chronic medical condition. In total, 8.0%...
Background Sustained genital tract inflammation caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is known to increase risk of vaginal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but, our knowledge, there are no nonhuman primate studies that have evaluated its link rectal HIV acquisition. Methods Rhesus macaques inoculated with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) (serovars LGV-L 2 and CT-E; n = 7) or saline (n received up 20 challenges twice a week simian/HIV (SHIV SF162p3 ). SHIV viremia was determined...
Self-collected specimens can expand access to SARS-CoV-2 testing. At a large inner-city hospital 1,082 participants self-collected saliva and anterior nasal swab (ANS) samples before healthcare workers collected nasopharyngeal (NPS) on the same day. To characterize patient preferences for self-collection, this investigation explored ability, comfort, ease of ANS self-collection testing along with associated characteristics, including medical history symptoms COVID-19. With nearly all...
HIV diagnoses among females in the United States declined 22% from 2010 to 2015, including a 27% decline black females. Despite this progress, disparities persist. Black accounted for 60% of new 2015. Geographic also exist. This article describes geographic differences States, 2015.We examined surveillance data 2015 determine which areas decreases or increases occurred. We used National Center HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention's (NCHHSTP) AtlasPlus calculate percent changes...
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention tool, although effectiveness dependent upon adherence. It important to characterize the impact of PrEP on antibody responses in people who experience breakthrough infections understand potential timely diagnosis and treatment. Longitudinal HIV-1-specific were evaluated 42 inject drugs (PWID) from Bangkok Tenofovir Study (BTS) (placebo = 28; 14) acquired while receiving PrEP. HIV-1 levels avidity three envelope proteins (gp41,...
We aimed to describe frequency of COVID-19 exposure risk factors among patients presenting for medical care at an urban, public hospital serving mostly uninsured/Medicare/Medicaid clients and associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consenting, adult seeking a from August November 2020 were enrolled in this cross-sectional investigation. Saliva, anterior nasal nasopharyngeal swabs collected tested using RT-PCR. Participant demographics, close contact, activities ≤14 days prior enrollment...
Pig-tailed macaques (PTMs) are commonly used as preclinical models to assess antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention research. Drug toxicities and disease pathologies often preceded by changes in blood hematology. To better the safety profile of pharmaceuticals, we defined normal ranges hematological values PTMs using an Isolation Forest (iForest) algorithm.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with a weekly oral regimen of antiretroviral drugs could be suitable preventative option for individuals who struggle daily PrEP or prefer not to use long-acting injectables. We assessed in macaques the efficacy tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) at doses 13.7 27.4 mg/kg. Macaques received TAF six weeks and were exposed twice-weekly SHIV vaginally rectally on day 3 6 after each dose. Median TFV-DP levels PBMCs following mg/kg dose 3110 1137 fmols/106 cells 6,...