A recommendation of: Camilla Drocco, Anja Coors, Marion Devers-Lamrani, Fabrice Martin-Laurent, Nadine Rouard, Aymé Spor Evaluating the Effects of Environmental Disturbances and Pesticide Mixtures on N-cycle related Soil Microbial Endpoints https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.22.576671

A growing body of evidence indicates that phytooxylipins play important roles in plant defense responses. However, many enzymes involved the biosynthesis these metabolites are still elusive. We have purified one enzymes, peroxygenase (PX4450), from oat microsomes and lipid droplets. It is an integral membrane protein requiring detergent for its solubilization. Proteinase K digestion showed PXG probably deeply buried droplets or with only about 2 kDa at C-terminal region accessible to...

Abstract Contrasting with the wealth of information available on multiple roles jasmonates in plant development and defense, knowledge about functions biosynthesis hydroxylated oxylipins remains scarce. By expressing caleosin RESPONSIVE TO DESSICATION20 (RD20) Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we show that recombinant protein possesses an unusual peroxygenase activity restricted specificity toward hydroperoxides unsaturated fatty acid. Accordingly, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants...

Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the toxicological impact of dioxins on mammals, revealing profound effects female reproductive system in both humans and animals. Dioxin exposure significantly disrupts intricate functions ovary, a pivotal organ responsible for endocrine processes. This disruption manifests as infertility, premature ovarian failure, disturbances sex steroid hormone levels. Comprehensive studies, encompassing accidental human experimental animal data, have...

The delivery of drugs to specific target tissues and cells in the brain poses a significant challenge therapeutics, primarily due limited understanding how nanoparticle (NP) properties influence drug biodistribution off-target organ accumulation. This study addresses limitations previous research by using various predictive models based on collection large data sets 403 points incorporating both numerical categorical features. Machine learning techniques comprehensive literature analysis...

More knowledge is needed about the molecular/cellular control of paclitaxel (PTX) production in

Dioxins are one of the most toxic groups persistent organic pollutants. Their biotransmission through food chain constitutes a potential risk for human health. Plants as principal actors in can play determinant role removing dioxins from environment. Due to lack data on dioxin/plant research, this study sets out determine few responsive reactions adopted by Arabidopsis plant towards 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), congener dioxins.Using high resolution gas chromatography/mass...

Caleosins, mostly found in lipid droplets of seeds and leaves, are believed to play physiological roles through their enzymatic capacities produce oxylipins. We recently identified the caleosin RD20 as a peroxygenase reducing endogenous fatty acid hydroperoxides into corresponding alcohols. Such oxylipins confer tolerance oxidative stress by decreasing reactive oxygen species accumulation minimizing cell death. expression being induced pathogens, we have examined mode action this response...

Dioxins are highly hazardous pollutants that have well characterized impacts on both animal and human health. However, the biological effects of dioxins plants yet to be described in detail. Here we describe a dioxin-inducible caleosin/peroxygenase isoform, PdPXG2, is mainly expressed apical zone date palm roots specifically reduces 9-hydroperoxide fatty acids. A characteristic spectrum 18 dioxin-responsive oxylipin (DROXYL) congeners was also detected after exposure dioxin. Of particular...

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most toxic congener of dioxins, has a proven reproductive toxicity. Due to lack evidence on multigenerational female toxicity TCDD through maternal exposure, current study aims evaluate, one hand, acute adult pre-gestational exposed critical single dose (25 μg/kg) for week (group referred as AFnG; female/non-gestation). On other transcription, hormonal and histological effects females two generations F1 F2, were also investigated after exposure...

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent environmental contaminant, is an endocrine disrupter with proven reproductive toxicity in mammals. However, its effects on male fertility across generations are still elusive. The current work evaluates the of dioxin system two separate groups BALB/C mice; group pubertal males directly exposed to TCDD (referred as DEmG), and indirectly IDEmG) comprises F1, F2 F3 born from TCDD-exposed pregnant females. Both were 25 μg TCDD/kg body weight...

Caleosins are a small family of calcium-binding proteins endowed with peroxygenase activity in plants. Caleosin-like genes present fungi; however, their functions have not been reported yet. In this work, we identify plant caleosin-like protein Aspergillus flavus that is highly expressed during the early stages spore germination. A recombinant purified 32-kDa supported activities, including co-oxidation reactions and reduction polyunsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides. Deletion caleosin gene...

Bioinformatics analyses of caleosin/peroxygenases (CLO/PXG) demonstrated that these genes are present in the vast majority Viridiplantae taxa for which sequence data available. Functionally active CLO/PXG proteins with roles abiotic stress tolerance and lipid droplet storage some Trebouxiophycean Chlorophycean green algae but absent from small number sequenced Prasinophyceaen genomes. CLO/PXG-like expressed during dehydration Charophyte algae, a sister clade land plants (Embryophyta)....

Contamination of aquatic environments with dioxins, the most toxic group persistent organic pollutants (POPs), is a major ecological issue. Dioxins are highly lipophilic and bioaccumulate in fatty tissues marine organisms used for seafood where they constitute potential risk human health. Lipid droplets (LDs) purified from date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, seeds were characterized their capacity to extract dioxins systems was assessed. The bioaffinity palm LDs toward...

Petroleum crude oil (PCO)-dwelling microorganisms have exceptional biological capabilities to tolerate the toxicity of petroleum contaminants and are therefore promising emulsifier and/or degraders PCO. This study describes a set PCO-inhabiting bacterial species, one which, identified as Bacillus safensis PHA3, produces an efficient biosurfactant which was characterized glycolipid. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, nuclear magnetic resonance, Thin layer chromatography, HPLC, GC-MS...

Abstract Chemotherapy for hepatoblastoma is limited by organ toxicity and poor outcomes, prompting the search new, more effective treatments with minimal side effects. Vincristine sulfate, a potent chemotherapeutic, faces challenges due to P-glycoprotein-mediated resistance its systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles offer promising solution improving pharmacokinetics, targeting tumor cells, thus reducing Moreover, use of fluorescent nanomaterials emerging in biomedical applications such as...

Two caleosin/peroxygenase isoforms from date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., PdCLO2 and PdCLO4, were characterized with respect to their tissue expression, subcellular localization, oxylipin pathway substrate specificities in developing seedlings. Both PdCLO4 had peroxygenase activities that peaked at the mid-stage (radicle length of 2.5 cm) seedling growth associated lipid droplet (LD) microsomal fractions. Recombinant proteins heterologously expressed yeast cells localized both LD Each...

Aflatoxins (AF) are highly detrimental to human and animal health. We recently demonstrated that the Aspergillus flavus caleosin, AfPXG, had peroxygenase activity mediated fungal development AF accumulation. now report characterization of an AfPXG-deficient line using reference strain NRRL3357. The resulting phenotype included a severe decrease in mycelium growth, failure sporulate, reduced production. Increasing cellular oxidative status by administration H2O2 cumene hydroperoxide did not...

Abstract Dioxins are the most toxic known environmental pollutants and mainly formed by human activities. Due to their structural stability, dioxins persist for extended periods can be transported over long distances from emission sources. Thus, accumulated considerable levels in both animal food chains. Along with sediments, soils considered important reservoirs of dioxins. Soil microorganisms therefore highly exposed dioxins, leading a range biological responses that impact diversity,...