A5071736285- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Microbial infections and disease research
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Renal cell carcinoma treatment
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- FOXO transcription factor regulation
South Dakota State University
2015-2025
Iowa State University
2010-2014
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
2013
During the 10 days commencing April 29, 2013, Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory received first 4 of many submissions from swine farms experiencing explosive epidemics diarrhea and vomiting affecting all ages, with 90-95% mortality in suckling pigs. Histology revealed severe atrophy villi segments small intestines occasional villus-epithelial syncytial cells, but testing for rotaviruses Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (Alphacoronavirus 1) were negative....
ABSTRACT Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was detected in May 2013 for the first time U.S. swine and has since caused significant economic loss. Obtaining a PEDV isolate that can grow efficiently cell culture is critical investigating pathogenesis developing diagnostic assays vaccine development. An additional objective to determine which gene(s) of most suitable studying genetic relatedness virus. Here we describe two isolates (ISU13-19338E ISU13-22038) successfully obtained from...
Coronaviruses (CoVs) can emerge from an animal reservoir into a naive host species to cause pandemic respiratory or gastrointestinal diseases with significant mortality in humans domestic animals. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), alphacoronavirus (alpha-CoV), infects gut epithelial cells and macrophages, inducing resulting high piglets. How PEDV suppresses the innate immune response was unknown. We found that mutating viral endoribonuclease, EndoU, results activates both type I...
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that has been associated with vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine. Many aspects of SVA infection biology pathogenesis, however, remain unknown. Here the pathogenesis was investigated finishing pigs. Animals were inoculated via oronasal route strain SD15-26 monitored for clinical signs lesions infection. Viraemia assessed serum virus shedding oral nasal secretions faeces by real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)...
ABSTRACT Influenza D virus (FLUDV) is a novel influenza that infects cattle and swine. The goal of this study was to investigate the replication transmission bovine FLUDV in guinea pigs. Following direct intranasal inoculation animals, detected nasal washes infected animals during first 7 days postinfection. High viral titers were obtained from turbinates lung tissues directly inoculated animals. Further, able transmit pigs sentinel by means contact not aerosol dissemination under...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the most important swine pathogen affecting United States of America (USA), leading to significant economic losses. Despite advances in diagnostic testing, there remains a gap understanding genetic evolution PRRSV, especially tracking emergence novel sequences their spread across different regions production stages. This research addresses this by developing systematic methodology for directly collecting analyzing PRRSV ORF5 from...
The parapoxvirus Orf virus (ORFV), has long been recognized for its immunomodulatory properties in permissive and non-permissive animal species. Here, a new recombinant ORFV expressing the full-length spike (S) protein of Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PEDV) was generated immunogenicity protective efficacy were evaluated pigs. PEDV S inserted into ORFV121 gene locus, an that inhibits activation NF-κB signalling pathway contributes to virulence natural host. ORFV-PEDV-S efficiently stably...
Emerging coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and porcine CoVs, can infect enterocytes, cause diarrhea, be shed in the feces. New approaches are needed to understand enteric pathogenesis develop vaccines therapeutics prevent spread of these viruses. Here, we exploited a reverse genetic system for an CoV, epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), outline approach genetically inactivating highly conserved viral factors known limit host innate immune response infection. Our report reveals that generating...
Porcine circoviruses (PCVs), including porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and 3 (PCV3), have been associated with clinical syndromes in swine, resulting significant economic losses. To better understand the epidemiology relevance of PCV2 PCV3, this study analyzed a dataset comprising diagnostic data from six veterinary laboratories (VDLs) United States America. The comprised polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results, sample type, age group for PCV3 submissions 2002-2023. Findings indicated...
Drug delivery by direct intraductal administration can achieve high local drug concentration in the breast and minimize systemic levels. However, clinical application of this approach for cancer treatment is limited rapid clearance from ducts. With goal developing strategies to prolong retention breast, study was focused on understanding influence particle size formulation duct lymph node retention. Fluorescent-labeled polystyrene (PS) particles ranging 100 1000 nm were used size. Polylactic...
This study evaluated the use of endemic enteric coronaviruses polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-negative testing results as an alternative approach to detect emergence animal health threats with similar clinical diseases presentation. retrospective study, conducted in United States, used PCR-negative from porcine samples tested at six veterinary diagnostic laboratories. As a proof concept, database was first searched for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) negative submissions between...
Veterinary pathology credentials serve as a concise means attesting to educational attainments and experiences indicating readiness for professional practice. Given the cost, time, stress associated with obtaining different qualifications, pathologists must consider what enhance their readiness. In this commentary, authors describe how various degrees certifications have facilitated individual organizational success. The minimum proficient veterinary practice are medical degree (DVM or...
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), is an economically important enteric coronavirus, with over a 90% mortality rate in neonatal piglets. The emerged the U.S 2013, resulting severe production losses. Effective vaccine development against PEDV challenge. Inactivated vaccines are of questionable efficacy. Attenuated vaccines, while more effective, require relatively long lead time, associated safety concerns and also unable to prevent new field outbreaks. To combine efficacy advantages...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes failure in pregnant sows acute disease young pigs. It is a leading infectious agent of swine complex, which has significant negative economic impact on the industry. Commercial markets currently offer both live attenuated killed vaccines; however, increasing controversy exists about their efficacy providing complete protection. Virus-like particles (VLPs) possess many desirable features potent vaccine candidate have been...
An 11-year-old Oldenburg mare presented following three episodes of acute, transient blindness, ataxia, and disorientation within the preceding 7 months. Clinical improvement, including return vision, occurred 1 week initiating corticosteroid therapy for each episodes. However, mild right-sided miosis was a consistent finding on ophthalmic examinations. Routine clinicopathologic testing revealed no significant abnormalities, cerebral spinal fluid selected infectious diseases unrewarding....
Porcine circovirus type 2, the causative agent of porcine associated diseases (PCVAD), consists three major genotypes PCV2a, 2b and 2d. Current commercial vaccines contain first-identified PCV2a's capsid protein or whole virions. Outbreaks PCVAD, caused by recently identified PCV2d in vaccinated herds have raised concerns regarding efficacy current PCV2a against PCV2d. Thus, primary objective this study was to assess a two-dose regimen for reformulated Fostera PCV MetaStim vaccine, determine...
A high-throughput drug screen revealed that veratridine (VTD), a natural plant alkaloid, induces expression of the anti-cancer protein UBXN2A in colon cancer cells. suppresses mortalin, heat shock protein, with dominant roles development including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell stemness, resistance, and apoptosis. VTD-dependent leads to deactivation mortalin cells, making VTD potential targeted therapy malignant tumors high levels mortalin. was used clinically for treatment...
Piglets did not develop diarrhea when fed porcine epidemic virus polymerase chain reaction-positive feed that had been retained by manufacturers in early 2013. The was detected feces of positive-control piglets, which exhibited clinical signs and histologic evidence infection.
Despite the availability of commercial vaccines which can effectively prevent clinical signs, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) continues to remain an economically important swine virus, as strain drift, followed by displacement new subtypes, occurs periodically. We had previously determined that early antibody responses PCV2 capsid protein in infected pigs map immunodominant but non-protective, linear B cell epitopes. In this study, two identified epitopes were mutated backbone a PCV2b...