A5061795013- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- RNA Research and Splicing
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Kruppel-like factors research
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Institute of Science and Technology Austria
2019-2023
Medical University of Vienna
2012-2018
Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of living brain tissue down to an individual synapse level would create opportunities for decoding the dynamics and structure–function relationships brain’s complex dense information processing network; however, this has been hindered by insufficient 3D resolution, inadequate signal-to-noise ratio prohibitive light burden in optical imaging, whereas electron microscopy is inherently static. Here we solved these challenges developing integrated...
Genome amplification and cellular senescence are commonly associated with pathological processes. While physiological roles for polyploidization have been described in mouse development, controversy exists over their significance humans. Here, we describe tetraploidization as phenomena of normal human placenta development. During pregnancy, placental extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) invade the pregnant endometrium, termed decidua, to establish an adapted microenvironment required developing...
Human implantation involves extensive tissue remodeling at the fetal-maternal interface. It is becoming increasingly evident that not only trophoblast, but also decidualizing endometrial stromal cells are inherently motile and invasive, likely contribute to highly dynamic processes site. The present study was undertaken further characterize mechanisms involved in regulation of cell motility identify trophoblast-derived factors modulate migration. Among local growth known be time...
Abstract Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is caused by insufficient remodeling of spiral arteries (SAs). The mechanism underlying the relevance natural killer cells (NKs) and mast (MCs) for SA its effects on pregnancy outcome are not well understood. We show that NK depletion arrested without affecting pregnancy. MC resulted in abnormally remodeled SAs IUGR. Combined absence NKs MCs substantially affected impaired fetal growth. found α-chymase cell protease (Mcpt) 5 mediates apoptosis...
Abstract Human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the pregnant uterus constitutes a pivotal event for establishment maternal-fetal interface. Compromised EVT function manifesting in inadequate arterial remodeling is associated with severe pregnancy disorder early-onset preeclampsia (eoPE). Recent studies suggest that EVTs invade entire uterine vasculature including arteries, veins and lymphatics first trimester pregnancy. We therefore hypothesized EVT-derived factors accumulate...
Failures in human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) development could be involved the pathogenesis of pregnancy diseases. However, underlying mechanisms have been poorly characterized. Here, we provide evidence that Notch signaling represent a key regulatory pathway controlling proliferation, motility, and differentiation. Immunofluorescence first-trimester placental tissues revealed expression receptors (Notch2 Notch3) membrane-anchored ligands (delta-like ligand [DLL] 1 -4 Jagged [JAG] -2)...
ADAM12, consisting of a membrane-bound (ADAM12L) and secreted (ADAM12S) form, is expressed exclusively in regenerating developing tissue as well certain cancer types. Strong ADAM12 expression levels have been noticed the human placenta, deregulated ADAM12S were associated with various pregnancy-related disorders including pre-eclampsia intrauterine growth restriction. However, role trophoblast motility has not investigated so far. Hence, present study aimed to investigate specific function...
Acute brain slice preparation is a powerful experimental model for investigating the characteristics of synaptic function in brain. Although tissue usually cut at ice-cold temperature (CT) to facilitate slicing and avoid neuronal damage, exposure CT causes molecular architectural changes synapses. To address these issues, we investigated ultrastructural electrophysiological features synapses mouse acute cerebellar slices prepared physiological (PT). In CT, found significant spine loss...
The mammalian hippocampal formation (HF) plays a key role in several higher brain functions, such as spatial coding, learning and memory. Its simple circuit architecture is often viewed trisynaptic loop, processing input originating from the superficial layers of entorhinal cortex (EC) sending it back to its deeper layers. Here, we show that excitatory neurons layer 6b mouse EC project all sub-regions comprising HF receive CA1, thalamus claustrum. Furthermore, their output characterized by...
Mapping the complex and dense arrangement of cells their connectivity in brain tissue demands nanoscale spatial resolution imaging. Super-resolution optical microscopy excels at visualizing specific molecules individual but fails to provide context. Here we developed Comprehensive Analysis Tissues across Scales (CATS), a technology densely map architecture from millimeter regional nanometer synaptic scales diverse chemically fixed preparations, including rodent human. CATS uses...
Abstract The maternal uterine environment is likely critical for human placental morphogenesis and development of its different trophoblast subtypes. However, factors controlling growth differentiation these cells during early gestation remain poorly elucidated. Herein, we provide evidence that the ligand Wnt5a could be a regulator proliferation survival. Immunofluorescence tissues western blot analyses primary cultures revealed abundant expression secretion from first trimester decidual...
Abstract The emergence of large-scale order in self-organized systems relies on local interactions between individual components. During bacterial cell division, FtsZ—a prokaryotic homologue the eukaryotic protein tubulin—polymerizes into treadmilling filaments that further organize a cytoskeletal ring. In vitro, FtsZ can form dynamic chiral assemblies. However, how active and passive properties relate to these structures remains poorly understood. Here we connect single-filament with...
Does endothelin-1 (ET-1) regulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 14 and 15 production invasion of human first trimester trophoblasts? ET-1 in pathophysiological concentrations down-regulates MMP14 MMP15 expression via endothelin receptor (ETR) type B decreases trophoblast migration invasion. are involved Impairment has been linked to pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia (PE). is up-regulated PE. In vitro study using primary trophoblasts from 50 placentas (gestational week 7–12)....
Abnormal development of invasive trophoblasts has been implicated in the pathogenesis human pregnancy diseases such as pre-eclampsia. However, critical signalling pathways controlling formation and differentiation these cells have poorly elucidated. Here, we provide evidence that canonical Notch pathway, operating through Notch-dependent activation its key regulatory transcription factor RBPJκ, controls proliferation villous explant cultures primary early pregnancy. Immunofluorescence first...
Decidualization, the transformation of human uterine mucosa into endometrium pregnancy, is critical for successful implantation and embryonic development. However, key regulatory factors controlling differentiation stromal cells hormone-secreting decidual have not been fully elucidated. Hence, we herein investigated role Notch signaling pathway in (HDSC) isolated from early pregnancy samples. Immunofluorescence first trimester tissues revealed expression Notch2 receptor its putative,...
Abstract Mapping the complex and dense arrangement of cells their connectivity in brain tissue demands nanoscale spatial resolution imaging. Super-resolution optical microscopy excels at visualizing specific molecules individual but fails to provide context. Here we developed Comprehensive Analysis Tissues across Scales (CATS), a technology densely map architecture from millimeter regional nanoscopic synaptic scales diverse chemically fixed preparations, including rodent human. CATS...
Abstract Complex wiring between neurons underlies the information-processing network enabling all brain functions, including cognition and memory. For understanding how is structured, processes information, changes over time, comprehensive visualization of architecture living tissue with its cellular molecular components would open up major opportunities. However, electron microscopy (EM) provides nanometre-scale resolution required for full in-silico reconstruction 1–5 , yet limited to...
Abstract The mammalian hippocampal formation (HF) plays a key role in several higher brain functions, such as spatial coding, learning and memory. Its simple circuit architecture is often viewed “trisynaptic loop”, processing input originating from the superficial layers of entorhinal cortex (EC) linear fashion, sending it back to its deeper layers. Here, we show that contrary this canonical view, excitatory neurons deepest layer mouse EC, exhibiting unique morphology molecular profile 6b...
Abstract The emergence of large-scale order in self-organized systems relies on local interactions between individual components. During bacterial cell division, the tubulin-homolog FtsZ polymerizes into treadmilling filaments that further assemble a cytoskeletal ring. Although minimal vitro assays have shown striking self-organization capacity filaments, such as dynamic chiral assemblies, how these structures emerge and relate to filament properties remains poorly understood. To understand...
Abstract Acute brain slice preparation is a powerful experimental model for investigating the characteristics of synaptic function in brain. Although tissue usually cut at ice-cold temperature (CT) to facilitate slicing and avoid neuronal damage, exposure CT causes molecular architectural changes synapses. To address these issues, we investigated ultrastructural electrophysiological features synapses mouse acute cerebellar slices prepared physiological (PT). In CT, found significant spine...
These authors studied human placental and decidual tissues obtained from elective pregnancy terminations (612 weeks gestation). Placental extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), the cells that rapidly invade mothers endometrium, undergo an initial stage of genomewide amplification leading to a tetraploid chromosomal state (XXYY or XXXX) followed by cellular senescence. By contrast, androgenic complete hydatidiform moles (CHM) fail show normal