A5011372704- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- interferon and immune responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Mesenchymal stem cell research
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Respiratory viral infections research
Duke University
2020-2024
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2024
National Institutes of Health
2024
Virginia Tech
2016
SARS-CoV-2 causes profound changes in the sense of smell, including total smell loss. Although these alterations are often transient, many patients with COVID-19 exhibit olfactory dysfunction that lasts months to years. animal and human autopsy studies have suggested mechanisms driving acute anosmia, it remains unclear how persistent loss a subset patients. To address this question, we analyzed epithelial samples collected from 24 biopsies, nine objectively quantified long-term after...
Efficacy of dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccines is classically thought to depend on their antigen-presenting (APC) activity. Studies show, however, that DC vaccine priming cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) requires the activity endogenous DCs, suggesting exogenous DCs stimulate antitumor immunity by transferring antigens (Ags) DCs. Such Ag transfer functions are most commonly ascribed monocytes, implying undifferentiated monocytes would function equally well as a modality and need not be...
BACKGROUNDPresbyosmia, or aging-related olfactory loss, occurs in a majority of humans over age 65 years, yet remains poorly understood, with no specific treatment options. The epithelium (OE) is the peripheral organ for olfaction and subject to acquired damage, suggesting likely site pathology aging. Adult stem cells reconstitute neuroepithelium response cell loss under normal conditions. In aged OE, patches respiratory-like metaplasia have been observed histologically, consistent failure...
Positive-strand RNA viruses invariably assemble their viral replication complexes (VRCs) by remodeling host intracellular membranes. How proteins are targeted to specific organelle membranes initiate VRC assembly remains elusive. Brome mosaic virus (BMV), whose can be recapitulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, assembles its VRCs invaginating the outer perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Remarkably, BMV protein 1a (BMV 1a) is only required for such membrane remodeling. We show...
Most human subjects infected by SARS-CoV-2 report an acute alteration in their sense of smell, and more than 25% COVID patients lasting olfactory dysfunction. While animal studies autopsy tissues have suggested mechanisms underlying loss the pathophysiology that underlies persistent smell remains unclear. Here we combine objective measurements suffering from post-acute sequelae infection (PASC) with single cell sequencing histology epithelium (OE). This approach reveals OE harbors a diffuse...
Production of a functional peripheral T cell compartment typically involves massive expansion the bone marrow progenitors that seed thymus. There are two main phases during development, following lineage commitment double-negative (DN) 2 cells and after successful rearrangement selection for TCRβ chains in DN3 thymocytes, which promotes transition DN4 to DP stage. The signals driving DN2 thymocytes well studied. However, factors regulating proliferation survival remain poorly understood....
The olfactory mucosa is important for both the sense of smell and as a mucosal immune barrier to upper airway brain. However, little known about how system mediates conflicting goals neuronal maintenance inflammation in this tissue. A number cell populations reside within yet we have understanding these resident cells functionally interact with chemosensory environment. Identifying interactions will allow therapeutic manipulations that treat disorders such post-viral dysfunction. Macrophages...
Influenza viruses initiate infection in the upper respiratory tract (URT), but early viral tropism and importance of cell-type-specific antiviral responses this tissue remain incompletely understood. By infecting transgenic lox-stop-lox reporter mice with a Cre-recombinase-expressing influenza B virus, we identify olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) as major cell target URT. These cells become infected, then eliminate virus survive host post-resolution infection. OSN to are characterized by...
Abstract Production of a diverse peripheral T cell compartment requires massive expansion the bone marrow progenitors that seed thymus. There are two main phases during development, following lineage commitment at DN2 stage and successful rearrangement selection for functional TCRβ chains in DN3 thymocytes, which promotes development DN4 cells to DP stage. Signals driving thymocytes well studied, however, factors regulating proliferation survival remain poorly understood. Here, we uncover an...
Abstract INTRODUCTION Limited migration of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines to draining lymph nodes (DLN) remains a major limitation DC efficacy for malignant gliomas. Our prior work demonstrated that increased peripheral DLN results in enhanced antitumor efficacy. Given this, we studied trafficking mouse gliomas, the meningeal lymphatic vessel (MLV) system, and cervical (CLN). METHODS To elevate host populations, C57BL/6 VMDk mice were implanted with B16-FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand...
Abstract Production of a diverse peripheral T cell compartment requires massive expansion the bone marrow progenitors that seed thymus. There are two main phases during development, following lineage commitment at DN2 stage and successful rearrangement selection for functional TCRβ chains in DN3 thymocytes, which promotes development DN4 cells to DP stage. Signals driving thymocytes well studied, however, factors regulating proliferation survival remain poorly understood. Here, we uncover an...