Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is an H+-coupled symporter highly expressed in metastatic tumors and at inflammatory sites undergoing hypoxia or the Warburg effect. At these sites, extracellular lactate contributes to malignancy immune response evasion. Intriguingly, 30-40 mm, reported Km of MCT4 for more than 1 order magnitude higher physiological even pathological levels. not thought transport pyruvate. Here we have characterized cell pyruvate dynamics using FRET sensors Laconic...

Twenty-two patients with Clostridium difficile colitis as determined by positive enzyme immunoassay for toxin A were evaluated fecal inflammatory markers and their relationship to the severity of illness. Fourteen 22 specimens lactoferrin (FLF), titers from 1:50 1:800. Nine 10 stools tested had ratios interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) >0.01. Seventeen also elevated IL-8 concentrations, 12 14 IL-1beta concentrations. review 18 available patient records revealed...

Selectins are essential for leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Because of a lectin domain present the selectin structure, we investigated anti-inflammtory activity six mannose-glucose binding lectins from brazilian beans: Dioclea guianensis-DguiL; D. grandiflora-DgL; Cratylia floribunda-CfL; violacea-D.vL; virgata-DvirL and Canavalia brasiliensis-ConBr. The were injected intravenously (i.v.) into rats (0.1 1.0 mg/kg; 30 min before irritants) its activities compared to E. coli endotoxin...

The ClC-2 Cl- channel has been postulated to play a role in the inhibitory GABA response neurons or participate astrocyte-dependent extracellular electrolyte homeostasis. Three different mutations CLCN2 gene, encoding voltage-dependent homodimeric channel, have associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). We study their function vitro by patch clamp and confocal microscopy transiently transfected HEK-293 cells. A first mutation predicts premature stop codon (M200fsX231). An altered...

Intestinal fluid secretion is driven by apical membrane, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)‐mediated efflux of Cl– that concentrated in cells basolateral Na + −K −2Cl– cotransporters (NKCC1). An absolute requirement for the parallel activation K channels which maintain a membrane potential sustains anion secretion. Both cAMP and Ca 2+ are intracellular signals intestinal The channel involved cAMP‐dependent has been identified as KCNQ1–KCNE3 complex, but identity...

Disruption/denudation of the ependymal lining has been associated with pathogenesis various human CNS disorders, including hydrocephalus, spina bifida aperta, and periventricular heterotopia. It traditionally considered that denudation is a consequence mechanical forces such as ventricular enlargement. New evidence indicates disruption can precede dilation, but cellular molecular mechanisms involved in onset are unknown. Here, we present novel model to study cell pathophysiology demonstrate...

Background.In this analysis, we examine the incidence and clearance of external genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among heterosexual males aged 16-24 years.Methods.A total 1732 years old in placebo arm a quadrivalent HPV vaccine trial were included analysis.Participants enrolled from 18 countries Africa, Asia-Pacific region, Europe, Latin America, North America.Subjects underwent anogenital examinations sampling penis, scrotum, perineal/perianal regions.Results.The rate any DNA...

Anthocyanins are pigments with antihyperglycemic properties, and they potential candidates for developing functional foods the therapy or prevention of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). The mechanism these beneficial effects anthocyanins are, however, hard to explain, given their very low bioavailability due poor intestinal absorption. We propose that free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1, also named GPR40), is involved in an inhibitory effect anthocyanidin delphinidin over glucose show direct on...

Neutrophils are implicated in the physiopathologic alterations of hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). Thus, we decided to test antiinflammatory activity glucose-mannose binding lectins extracted from D. violacea and guianensis seeds, which showed an inhibitory effect upon neutrophil migration a model rat peritonitis based on HC experimentally induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP).Mice were treated with mesna (40 mg./kg., i.p.), (1 10 i.v.) 0.1 M alpha-D-methyl-mannoside (alpha-CH3) or alpha-D-galactose...

The natural physiological ligands for selectins are oligosaccharides found in glycoprotein or glycolipid molecules cell membranes. In order to study the role of sugar residues vivo lectin anti‐inflammatory effect, we tested three leguminous lectins with different carbohydrate binding affinities peritonitis and paw oedema models induced by carrageenin rats. L. sericeus was more than D. virgata lectin, effects being reversed their specific sugars ( N ‐acetylglucosamine α‐methylmannoside,...

The authors examined the effects of immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine (CsA) on male reproductive system in prepubertal rats. Twenty‐one‐day‐old rats were subcutaneously injected with either cremaphorsaline vehicle or CsA (1 and 2 mg/kg/d). animals treated until they 66 days old. Cyclosporine did not affect weights body testis but decreased all sex accessory organs. Quantitative analysis tubules stage VII spermatogenesis revealed a decline cell counts pachytene spermatocytes step...

Chronic incubation with elevated d -glucose reduces adenosine transport in endothelial cells. In this study, exposure of human umbilical vein cells to 25 mmol/L or 100 μmol/L ATP, ATP-γ-S, UTP, but not ADP α,β-methylene reduced no change affinity. Inhibition by -glucose, and ATP-γ-S was associated maximal binding, changes the apparent dissociation constant for nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR). A significant reduction (≈60±10%, P <0.05; n=6) number equilibrative NBMPR-sensitive nucleoside...

D-glucose infusion and gestational diabetes induce vasodilatation in humans increase L-arginine transport nitric oxide (NO) synthesis human umbilical vein endothelial cells. High (25 mmol/L, 2 minutes) induced membrane hyperpolarization an of (V(max) 6.1+/-0.7 versus 4.4+/-0.1 pmol/ microg protein per minute) with no change affinity (K(m) 105+/-9 111+/-16 micromol/L). L-[3H]citrulline formation intracellular cGMP, but not Ca2+, were increased by high D-glucose. The effects mimicked...

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Neutrophils are the first cells to arrive at sites of injury. Nevertheless, many inflammatory diseases characterized by an uncontrolled infiltration and action these cells. Cell migration depends on volume changes that governed ion channel activity, but potassium channels in neutrophil have not been clearly identified. We aim test whether KCa3.1 participates other relevant functions cell.Cytometer confocal measurements determine cell were used. Cells isolated from human, mouse horse tested...

The effect of sialoadenectomy (Sx) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) administration on testicular function was investigated in 8-week old C3H mice. Animals were divided initially into three groups: sham operated controls, Sx, Sx + EGF treated (100 micrograms./kg./day subcutaneously for 28 days). Sialoadenectomy completely depleted the circulating levels reduced body weight reproductive organ weights. However, kidney not affected. Quantitative analysis spermatogenesis showed a decrease...

The effect of calcium channel blockers (Ca-antagonists) on the potency and reversibility muscle relaxants (MR) was investigated in vitro phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm vivo sciatic nerve-tibialis anterior preparation rats. To increase relevance experimental findings to clinical situation, [Ca++] [Mg++] were same as plasma rats humans stimulation parameters used similar those that elicit voluntary movements muscles used. Both verapamil nifedipine significantly decreased I50 I90 d-tubocurarine...