A5071055939- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Plant-based Medicinal Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Trace Elements in Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Bee Products Chemical Analysis
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Immune cells in cancer
- Bioactive Natural Diterpenoids Research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
University of Louisville
2020-2024
Johns Hopkins University
2014-2017
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2014-2017
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2012-2013
A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection cure requires an understanding of the cellular and anatomical sites harboring that contribute to viral rebound upon treatment interruption. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are reported in HIV-infected individuals on ART. Biomarkers for macrophage activation neuronal damage cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) demonstrate continued effects HIV brain suggest central nervous system (CNS) may serve as a...
Objective: Resting CD4+ T cells have been recognized as the major cell reservoir of latent HIV-1 during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Using an simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/macaque model for AIDS and HIV-related neurocognitive disorders we assessed contribution brain to viral latency reactivation. Design: Pigtailed macaques were dual inoculated with SIVDeltaB670 SIV17E-Fr treated efficacious central nervous system-penetrant ART. After 500 days suppression animals two cycles reversing...
Despite the success of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a lifelong because latent viral reservoirs in infected patients. The contribution CD4(+) T cells to and disease progression has been extensively studied. However, during early HIV infection, macrophages brain other tissues are contribute tissue-specific diseases, such as encephalitis dementia pneumonia lung. extent monocytes not rigorously assessed with assays comparable those...
Zinc is an essential cofactor for bacterial metabolism, and many Enterobacteriaceae express the zinc transporters ZnuABC ZupT to acquire this metal in host. However, probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (or "Nissle") exhibits appreciable growth zinc-limited media even when these are deleted. Here, we show that utilizes siderophore yersiniabactin as a zincophore, enabling grow media, tolerate calprotectin-mediated sequestration, thrive inflamed gut. We also yersiniabactin's...
HIV infection is not cleared by antiretroviral drugs due to the presence of latently infected cells that are eliminated with current therapies and persist in blood organs patients. New compounds activate these latent reservoirs have been evaluated so that, along HAART, they can be used virus eliminate resulting eradication viral infection. Here we describe three novel diterpenes isolated from sap Euphorbia tirucalli, a tropical shrub. These molecules, identified as ingenols, were modified at...
Subverting the host immune response to inhibit inflammation is a key virulence strategy of Yersinia pestis . The inflammatory cascade tightly controlled via sequential action lipid and protein mediators inflammation. Because delayed essential for Y cause lethal infection, defining mechanisms manipulate necessary understand this pathogen’s virulence. While previous studies have established that actively inhibits expression proteins mediate inflammation, there currently gap in our...
Significance Transition metals are required for proper cellular function, which renders them critical all life. To restrict bacterial infection, eukaryotic organisms actively sequester these transition metals, a concept referred to as nutritional immunity. Consequently, pathogens have evolved dedicated mechanisms acquire in order colonize the host. During human plague, Yersinia pestis overcomes iron limitation via production of secreted siderophore yersiniabactin. Here, we identify an...
Siderophores are iron-chelating molecules that solubilize Fe3+ for microbial utilization and facilitate colonization or infection of eukaryotes by liberating host iron bacterial uptake. By fluorescently labeling membrane receptors binding proteins, we created 20 sensors detect, discriminate, quantify apo- ferric siderophores. The sensor proteins originated from TonB-dependent ligand-gated porins (LGPs) Escherichia coli (Fiu, FepA, Cir, FhuA, IutA, BtuB), Klebsiella pneumoniae (IroN, FyuA),...
Chronic hepatitis B is a highly heterogeneous liver disease characterized by phases with fluctuations in viral replication and progressive damage some, but not all infected individuals. Despite four decades of research, insight into host determinants underlying these distinct clinical phases—immunotolerant, immune active, inactive carrier, HBeAg-negative hepatitis–remains elusive. We performed an in-depth transcriptome analysis archived FFPE biopsies each phase to address associated the...
Bioluminescent imaging is an emerging biomedical surveillance strategy that uses external cameras to detect in vivo light generated small animal models of human physiology or vitro tissue culture scaffold mimics anatomy. The most widely utilized reporters the firefly luciferase (luc) gene; however, it generates only upon addition a chemical substrate, thus generating intermittent single time point data snapshots. To overcome this disadvantage, we have demonstrated substrate-independent...
ABSTRACT Zinc is an essential cofactor for bacterial metabolism, and many Enterobacteriaceae express the zinc transporters ZnuABC ZupT to acquire this metal in host. Unexpectedly, probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 exhibited appreciable growth zinc-limited media even when these were deleted. By utilizing vitro vivo studies, as well native spray infusion mass spectrometry ion identity molecular networking, we discovered that utilizes yersiniabactin a zincophore. Indeed, enables...
Fleas transmit Yersinia pestis directly within the dermis of mammals to cause bubonic plague. Syringe-mediated inoculation is widely used recapitulate plague and study Y. pathogenesis. However, intradermal needle tedious, error prone, poses a significant safety risk for laboratorians. Microneedle arrays (MNAs) are micron-scale polymeric structures that deliver materials dermis, while minimizing sticks. We demonstrated MNA viable strategy bacterial virulence by defining parameters needed...
Abstract Subverting the host immune response to inhibit inflammation is a key virulence factor of Yersinia pestis . The inflammatory cascade tightly controlled via sequential action lipid and protein mediators inflammation. Because delayed essential for Y. cause lethal infection, defining mechanisms used by manipulate necessary understand this pathogen’s virulence. While previous studies have established that actively inhibits expression proteins mediate inflammation, there currently gap in...