A5013480978- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Cassava research and cyanide
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2009-2024
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2007-2018
AID Atlanta
2018
Waterborne Environmental (United States)
2012-2014
North Carolina Division of Public Health
2013
Robert Bosch (United States)
2013
Typhoid fever, an acute febrile illness caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is endemic in many low- and middle-income countries
Raw produce is an increasingly recognized vehicle for salmonellosis. We investigated a nationwide outbreak that occurred in the United States 2008.We defined case as diarrhea person with laboratory-confirmed infection strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Saintpaul. Epidemiologic, traceback, and environmental studies were conducted.Among 1500 subjects, 21% hospitalized, 2 died. In three case-control cases not linked to restaurant clusters, illness was significantly associated eating raw...
In sub-Saharan Africa, non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) are emerging as a prominent cause of invasive disease (bacteremia and focal infections such meningitis) in infants young children. Importantly, including data from Mali, three serovars, enterica serovar Typhimurium, Enteritidis Dublin, account for the majority isolated these patients.We have extended previously developed series polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) based on O serogrouping H typing to identify Typhimurium variants (mostly I...
We report the development and evaluation of a Salmonella O-group-specific Bio-Plex assay to detect six most common serogroups in United States (B, C(1), C(2), D, E, O13) plus serotype Paratyphi A. The is based on rfb gene targets directly involved O-antigen biosynthesis; it can be completed 45 min post-PCR amplification. correctly specifically identified 362 384 (94.3%) isolates tested comparison traditional serotyping. Seventeen (4.4%) produced results consistent with what known about...
ABSTRACT PCR methodology was developed to identify Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi, Paratyphi A, and B. One multiplex identifies serogroup D, B Vi-positive strains; another confirms flagellar antigen “d,” “a,” or “b.” Blinded testing of 664 Malian Chilean blood isolates demonstrated 100% sensitivity specificity.
(See the Major Article by Lutterloh et al, on pages 1100–6 and Editorial Commentary Crump, 1107–9.) Background. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella Typhi) causes an estimated 22 million typhoid fever cases 216 000 deaths annually worldwide. In Africa, lack of laboratory diagnostic capacity limits ability to recognize endemic detect outbreaks. We report a large laboratory-confirmed outbreak in Uganda with high proportion intestinal perforations (IPs). Methods. A suspected case was...
Serotyping of Salmonella has been an invaluable subtyping method for epidemiologic studies more than 70 years. The technical difficulties serotyping, primarily in antiserum production and quality control, can be overcome with modern molecular methods. We developed a DNA-based assay targeting the genes encoding flagellar antigens (fliC fljB) Kauffmann-White serotyping scheme. Fifteen H (H:a, -b, -c, -d, -d/j, -e,h, -i, -k, -r, -y, -z, -z(10), -z(29), -z(35), -z(6)), 5 complex major (H:G, -EN,...
Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is one of the most commonly reported causes human salmonellosis. Its low genetic diversity, measured by fingerprinting methods, has made subtyping a challenge. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize 125 S. and 3 Nitra strains. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were filtered identify 4,887 reliable loci that distinguished all isolates from each other. Our single-nucleotide polymorphism typing approach was robust for with combined data different...
Salmonella is one of the most common foodborne pathogens in humans. Laboratory-based surveillance for non-typhoidal infection was conducted Guangdong Province, China to improve understanding about disease burden and detection dispersed outbreaks. isolated from patients with diarrhea were sent 16 sentinel hospitals local public health laboratories confirmation, serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE patterns analyzed identify clusters...
Multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovar Concord infections have been reported from children adopted Ethiopia. We interviewed patients, characterized the isolates, and gathered information about adoptions Ethiopia to assess public health implications.Information cases were provided Austria, Denmark, England (and Wales), Ireland, Netherlands United States. Patients Denmark States determine orphanages of origin; in visited. Isolates subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis antimicrobial...
An international external quality assurance system (EQAS) for the serotyping of Salmonella species was initiated in 2000 by WHO Global Salm-Surv to enhance capacity national reference laboratories obtain reliable data surveillance purposes worldwide. Seven EQAS iterations were conducted between and 2007. In each iteration, participating submitted results eight isolates. A total 249 96 countries participated at least one iteration. 756 reports received from during seven iterations....
Background Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is transmitted by fecally contaminated food and water causes approximately 22 million typhoid fever infections worldwide each year. Most cases occur in developing countries, where 4% of patients develop intestinal perforation (IP). In Kasese District, Uganda, a outbreak notable for high IP rate began 2008. We report that this continued through 2011, when it spread to the neighboring district Bundibugyo. Methodology/Principal Findings A suspected...
Invasive Salmonella infection is a common cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) among children in sub-Saharan Africa; however, diagnosing bacteremia challenging settings without blood culture. The Uganda AFI surveillance system includes culture-based for etiologies bloodstream (BSIs) hospitalized Uganda. We analyzed demographic, clinical, culture, and antimicrobial resistance data from at six sentinel sites July 2016 to January 2019. A total 47,261 were hospitalized. Median age was 2 years...
ABSTRACT One unreported case of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi was identified, whole-genome sequence typed, among other analyses, and compared to available genomes S . Typhi. The reported strain similar a previously published harboring bla SHV-12 from the Philippines likely part an undetected outbreak, first ESBL-producing
Typhoid fever burden can vary over time. Long-term data inform prevention strategies; however, such are lacking in many African settings. We reexamined typhoid incidence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a 10-year period Kibera, densely populated urban informal settlement where high has been previously described. used from the Population Based Infectious Diseases Surveillance platform to estimate crude adjusted rates prevalence of AMR nearly 26,000 individuals all ages. Demographic...
ABSTRACT An international External Quality Assurance System (EQAS) for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella was initiated in 2000 by the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Salm-Surv order to enhance capacities national reference laboratories obtain reliable data surveillance purposes worldwide. Seven EQAS iterations have been conducted from 2007. In each iteration, participating submitted results 10 15 agents eight isolates and an Escherichia coli strain (ATCC 25922). A...
Campylobacter spp. are foodborne and waterborne pathogens.
Global health security depends on effective surveillance for infectious diseases. In Uganda, resources are inadequate to support collection and reporting of data necessary an responsive system. We used a cross-cutting approach improve laboratory capacity in Uganda by leveraging existing pediatric inpatient malaria sentinel system collect expanded causes illness, facilitate development real-time surveillance, provide antimicrobial resistance. Capacity blood culture was established, along with...
Bacteremia due to Salmonella spp. is a life-threatening condition and commonly associated with immune compromise. A 2009 observational study estimated risk factors for the ten most common non-typhoidal (NTS) serovars isolated from Thai patients between 2002–2007. In this study, 60.8% of enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates (n = 1517) were recovered blood specimens infection was statistically significant factor bacteremia when compared other NTS serovars. Based on information, we...
During an investigation of outbreak gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B variant L(+) tartrate(+), we identified unpasteurized tempeh as a novel food vehicle and Rhizopus spp. starter culture the source contamination. Safe handling uncooked, should be emphasized for prevention foodborne illnesses.
A high burden of Salmonella enterica subspecies serovar Typhi ( S . Typhi) bacteremia has been reported from urban informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa, yet little is known about the introduction these strains to region. Understanding regional differences predominant can provide insight into genomic epidemiology. We genetically characterized 310 isolates typhoid fever surveillance conducted over a 12-year period (2007–2019) Kibera, an settlement Nairobi, Kenya, assess circulating...