A5072679461- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Travel-related health issues
- Medical Coding and Health Information
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Electronic Health Records Systems
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Physical Activity and Health
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
University of Gothenburg
2006-2024
Kungälvs Sjukhus
2013-2022
Karolinska Institutet
2012-2019
<b>Objectives</b> To examine the impact of use rapid diagnostic tests for malaria on prescribing antimicrobials, specifically antibiotics, acute febrile illness in Africa and Asia. <b>Design</b> Analysis<b></b>of nine preselected linked codesigned observational randomised studies (eight cluster or individually trials one study). <b>Setting</b> Public private healthcare settings, 2007-13, Afghanistan, Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda. <b>Participants</b> 522 480 children adults with...
Substantial global progress in the control of malaria recent years has led to increased commitment its potential elimination. Whether this is possible high transmission areas sub-Saharan Africa remains unclear. Zanzibar represents a unique case study such attempt, where modern tools and strategies for treatment vector have been deployed since 2003.We studied temporal trends comprehensive malariometric indices two districts with over 100,000 inhabitants each. The analyses included...
Background Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) provides an opportunity for improved, field-friendly detection of malaria infections in endemic areas. However data on the diagnostic accuracy LAMP active case detection, particularly low-density parasitaemias, are lacking. We therefore evaluated performance a new kit compared with PCR using DNA from filter paper blood spots. Methods and Findings Samples 865 fever patients 465 asymptomatic individuals collected Zanzibar were analysed...
Background Despite the fact that a large proportion of children with fever in Africa present at primary health care facilities, few studies have been designed to specifically study causes uncomplicated childhood febrile illness this level care, especially areas like Zanzibar has recently undergone dramatic change from high low malaria transmission. Methods We prospectively studied aetiology 677 aged 2–59 months acute managed by IMCI (Integrated Management Childhood Illness) guidelines...
Background We assessed if histidine-rich-protein-2 (HRP2) based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) remains an efficient tool for Plasmodium falciparum case detection among fever patients in Zanzibar and primary health care workers continue to adhere RDT results the new epidemiological context of low malaria transmission. Further, we evaluated performance within newly adopted integrated management childhood illness (IMCI) algorithm Zanzibar. Methods Findings enrolled 3890 aged ≥2 months with...
Since 2010, the World Health Organization has been recommending that all suspected cases of malaria be confirmed with parasite-based diagnosis before treatment. These guidelines represent a paradigm shift away from presumptive antimalarial treatment fever. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) are central to implementing this policy, intended target artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) patients and improve management nonmalarial fevers. The ACT Consortium conducted ten linked...
A prerequisite for reliable detection of low-density Plasmodium infections in malaria pre-elimination settings is the availability ultra-sensitive and high-throughput molecular tools. We developed a SYBR Green real-time PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism assay (cytb-qPCR) targeting cytochrome b gene four major human species (P. falciparum, P. vivax, malariae, ovale) parasite determination with DNA extracted from dried blood spots collected on filter paper. The performance cytb-qPCR...
Abstract This prospective non-randomized study of clinic attendees, compares self-reported HIV disclosure patterns in relation to access antiretroviral and counselling. It was carried out public sector hospital clinics Johannesburg, South Africa, 144 HIV-positive men women attending the participated study. The results showed that there no correlation between being on therapy status. There also status with different levels counselling support groups. Disclosure were high (92% told at least...
Objectives The overuse of antimalarial drugs is widespread. Effective methods to improve prescribing practice remain unclear. We evaluated the impact 10 interventions that introduced rapid diagnostic tests for malaria (mRDTs) on use and adherence results in different contexts. Design A comparative case study approach, analysing variation outcomes across settings. Setting Studies from ACT Consortium evaluating mRDTs with a range supporting 6 endemic countries. Providers were governmental or...
The need for new malaria surveillance tools and strategies is critical, given improved global control regional elimination efforts. High quality Plasmodium falciparum DNA can reliably be extracted from rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). Together with highly sensitive molecular assays, wide scale collection of used RDTs may serve as a modern tool case detection drug resistance surveillance. However, comparative studies extraction efficiency the field applicability are lacking. aim this study was...
In Zanzibar, malaria prevalence dropped substantially in the last decade and presently most febrile patients seen primary health care facilities (PHCF) test negative for malaria. The availability of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) allows rural workers to reliably rule out fever patients. However, additional tools identify alternative causes are scarce, often leaving RDT-negative without a clear diagnosis management plan. This pilot study aimed explore workers' practices with children factors...
We screened for malaria in 594 blood samples from febrile patients who tested negative by a Plasmodium falciparum-specific histidine-rich protein-2-based rapid diagnostic test at 12 health facilities Zanzibar districts North A and Micheweni, May to August 2010. Screening was with microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the cytochrome b gene (cytbPCR) of four major human species, quantitative PCR (qPCR). The prevalence cytbPCR-detectable infection 2% (12 594), including 8 P....
Zanzibar has recently undergone a rapid decline in Plasmodium falciparum transmission following combined malaria control interventions with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and integrated vector control. Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) was implemented as first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. 2003. Resistance to amodiaquine been associated the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles pfcrt 76T, pfmdr1 86Y, 184Y 1246Y. An accumulation of these SNP parasite population over time...
Acute infectious gastroenteritis is an important cause of illness and death among children in low-income countries. In addition to rotavirus vaccination, actions improve nutrition status, sanitation, water quality are reduce enteric infections, which frequent also asymptomatic children. The aim this study was investigate if the high prevalence these infections reflects that they often not cleared properly by immune response or rather due pathogen exposure.Rectal swabs were collected at time...
Formerly a high malaria transmission area, Zanzibar is now targeting elimination. A major challenge to avoid resurgence of malaria, the success which includes maintaining effective coverage vector control interventions such as bed nets and indoor residual spraying (IRS). In this study, caretakers' continued use preventive measures for their children evaluated, following sharp reduction in transmission. cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted June 2009 North Micheweni districts...
In contexts where certifying causes of death (COD) is inadequate - either in industrialized or non-industrialized countries verbal autopsy (VA) serves as a practical method for determining probable COD, helping to address gaps vital data. This study aimed validate the diagnostic accuracy medical certifications at population level by comparing COD obtained from records against those derived VA Saudi Arabia. Death 2018 2021 were collected type 2 diabetes mellitus register major specialist...
Health policy debates rely on reliable and timely information major causes of mortality their associated attributors, especially to overcome the traditional public health focus restricted biomedical cause death (COD). This study explores relevant social system circumstantial barriers accessing healthcare services among deceased patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia. A total 302 verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted relatives or caregivers who died between 2018...
New molecular methods have revealed frequent and often polymicrobial respiratory infections in children low-income settings. It is not known whether presence of multiple pathogens due to prolonged or exposure. The aim this study was analyze short-term pathogen clearance from nasopharynx the rate new tract febrile preschool children.Children (n = 207) with uncomplicated acute illness 2-59 months age presenting a health center Zanzibar, Tanzania, April-July 2011, were included. Paired...
Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends pneumococcal vaccination (PCV) in the first year of life. We investigated serotypes children with clinical or radiologically confirmed pneumonia and healthy controls prior to PCV13 vaccine introduction Zanzibar. Methods Children (n = 677) non-severe acute febrile illness aged 2–59 months presenting a health centre Zanzibar, Tanzania April–July 2011 were included. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected at enrolment analysed by real-time PCR...
Abstract Background Understanding the prevalence and determinants of physical activity among women is crucial for developing effective interventions to promote improve health outcomes. This study aimed determine prevalence, patterns, activity, leisure-time exercise, sedentary behavior in Erbil, Kurdistan Region Iraq. Method cross-sectional was conducted on 540 We used Global Physical Activity Questionnaire assess work- transportation-related behavior. Results The sufficient related work...
Abstract Background Unsafe abortion is a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality in countries where induced restricted. In Kurdistan Region of Iraq, strictly forbidden except for life-threatening situations, increasing the risk seeking unsafe abortions. Attitudes among healthcare professionals who directly encounter cases consequences can be studied improve women’s access safe abortion. This study aimed examine attitudes towards gynecologists Iraq. Methods cross-sectional...
Diabetes mellitus is a serious global health issue which significantly impacts public and socioeconomic development. Exploring how the community perceives causes of death their associated risk factors crucial for health. This study combines verbal autopsy (VA) with Type 2 Mellitus (T2DM) register to explore perceptions influential in Makkah province, Saudi Arabia. 302 VA interviews were conducted relatives or caregivers deceased who died between 2018 2021 based on T2DM medical from Alnoor...