A5064281549- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Malaria Research and Control
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Global Health Care Issues
- Health and Conflict Studies
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Disaster Response and Management
- Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting
- COVID-19 Prevention and Impact
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2011-2024
Mahidol University
2011-2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2013-2024
Nagasaki University
2019-2024
Faculty of Public Health
2017-2023
University of London
2013-2023
Kinokuniya
2020
Cambridge University Press
2020
New York University Press
2020
Sapienza University of Rome
2008-2012
The recent outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in West Africa has drawn attention to the role and responsiveness health systems face shock. It brought into sharp focus idea that need not only be stronger but also more 'resilient'. In this article, we argue responding shocks is an important aspect resilience, examining system behaviour four types contemporary shocks: financial crisis Europe from 2008 onwards; climate change disasters; EVD 2013-16; refugee migration Europe. Based on...
Although concerns have historically been raised about the influence of external donors on health policy process in recipient countries, remarkably few studies investigated perspectives and experiences domestic policymakers advisers. This study examines donor at different stages (priority setting, formulation, implementation monitoring evaluation) two aid-dependent LMICs, Cambodia Pakistan. It identifies mechanisms through which asymmetries between actors emerge. We conducted 24 key informant...
Background Globally there are an estimated 390 million dengue infections per year, of which 96 clinically apparent. In Cambodia, estimates suggest as many 185,850 cases annually. The World Health Organization global strategy for prevention aims to reduce mortality rates by 50% and morbidity 25% 2020. adoption integrated vector management approach using community-based methods tailored the local context is one recommended strategies achieve these objectives. Understanding knowledge, attitudes...
Purpose: To investigate demographics, causes, features, and visual outcomes of pediatric uveitis. Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 257 patients younger than 16 years. Results: Mean age at onset uveitis was 8.54 ± 3.98 years; 54.5% the were girls. Anterior occurred in 47.8%, intermediate 19.4%, posterior 24.9%, panuveitis 7.8%. Ocular involvement bilateral 67.8%. Infectious represented 31% all cases. Causes severe loss cataract, macular scars, edema/maculopathy, secondary...
In many parts of the world, livestock production is undergoing a process rapid intensification. The health implications this development are uncertain. Intensification creates cheaper products, allowing more people to access animal-based foods. However, some practices associated with intensification may contribute zoonotic disease emergence and spread: for example, sustained use antibiotics, concentration animals in confined units, long distances frequent movement livestock.Here we present...
There is growing interest in the expansion of community health workers programmes low- and middle-income countries as a cost-effective approach to address shortages professionals. However, our understanding reception large-scale how improve them remains limited, with knowledge gaps about factors that may promote or discourage equitable access services. This paper examines case Village Malaria Workers (VMW) programme Cambodia, an extensive community-based intervention for management malaria...
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), recognised as a serious and growing threat to global health, is promoted by multiple drivers, including antibiotic use in the livestock sector. Thus, understanding factors influencing production essential design implementation of effective interventions reduce AMR. This qualitative study aimed explore experiences views key actors associated with antibiotics for pig farming Thailand, from local farmers officers central government...
Objectives The overuse of antimalarial drugs is widespread. Effective methods to improve prescribing practice remain unclear. We evaluated the impact 10 interventions that introduced rapid diagnostic tests for malaria (mRDTs) on use and adherence results in different contexts. Design A comparative case study approach, analysing variation outcomes across settings. Setting Studies from ACT Consortium evaluating mRDTs with a range supporting 6 endemic countries. Providers were governmental or...
Cambodia's healthcare system has seen significant improvements in the last two decades. Despite this, access to quality care remains problematic, particularly for poor rural Cambodians. The government committed universal health coverage (UHC) and is reforming financing align with this goal. extent which reforms have impacted not always clear. Using a system-wide approach, study assesses how benefits from spending are distributed across socioeconomic groups Cambodia. Benefit incidence...
In rural areas of South and Southeast Asia malaria is declining but febrile illnesses still account for substantial morbidity mortality. Village health workers (VHWs) are often the first point contact with formal system, patients they can provide early diagnosis treatment malaria. However, majority patients, VHWs lack training, support resources to further care. Consequently, treatable bacterial missed, antibiotics overused poorly targeted, patient attendance wanes along This Open Letter...
Abstract Background Community-based health programmes have been a cornerstone of primary care in Laos for decades. The study presented here aimed to document prospects the development current programmes, considering perceptions about and priorities communities, implementation challenges, policy landscape opportunities associated with availability new technologies. Methods research design primarily involved qualitative in-depth interviews stakeholders (n = 35) responsible planning,...
Purpose: To study use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for macular edema in uveitis. Methods: In total, 44 patients with uveitis and underwent OCT. Data obtained were correlated anatomic type, duration uveitis, visual acuity (VA). Results: Both cystoid (CME) diffuse (DME) correlate negatively VA, although statistically CME showed stronger correlation (p = .02). Also had higher mean foveal thickness than DME < .01). Negative between VA .05) was observed. correlates Conclusions:...
Large-scale use of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying have contributed to a significant decrease in malaria transmission worldwide. Further reduction progress towards elimination, however, require complementary control measures which can address the remaining gaps protection from mosquito bites. Following development novel pyrethroids with high knockdown effects on vectors, programmatic spatial repellents has been suggested as one potential strategy fill gaps. This report...
The WHO’s Asia-Pacific framework for triple elimination recommends that countries evaluate their programs the of mother-to-child transmission HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B (EMTCT), including identifying gaps to improve program planning implementation strategies in antenatal care (ANC) services. In 2022, Indonesian Ministry Health reported only 39% pregnant women were tested 14% 28% B, respectively. We conducted a qualitative study involving focus group discussion (FGD) in-depth interviews...
Purpose: To report clinical features and prognosis of HLA B27 acute anterior uveitis.Methods: 165 patients with recurrent uveitis were divided into two groups: B27-positive (group 1, 60 patients) B27-negative 2, 105 patients). A comparison between the groups was performed.Results: Unilateral involvement higher in group 1 (p = .046), more simultaneous bilateral cases occurred 2 .004). Group correlated to systemic diseases than (50 versus 17.1%, p < .001), particularly ankylosing spondylitis...
In Cambodia dengue vector control activities are focused on larviciding with temephos and pyrethroid based adulticide sprays to which Aedes have been shown be increasingly resistant. A cluster randomized trial assessed the impact of using biological tools (guppy fish, pyriproxyfen (PPF), Communication for Behavioral Impact (COMBI) in combination), would used a value comparison traditional chemical tools. Given these new intervention methods, qualitative assessment was designed order...
Abstract Background Inappropriate dispensing of antibiotics at community pharmacies is an important driver antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, a better understanding practices crucial to inform national, regional, global responses AMR. This requires careful examination the interactions between vendors clients, sensitive context which these take place. Methods In 2019, we conducted qualitative study examine antibiotic associated drivers...
The aim of this mixed-method study was to determine the extent and determinants inappropriate dispensing antibiotics by licensed private drug retail outlets in Indonesia.Standardised patients (SPs) made a total 495 visits 166 (community pharmacies stores) between July August 2019. SPs presented three clinical cases outlet staff: parent child at home with diarrhoea; an adult presumptive tuberculosis (TB); upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). primary outcome antibiotic without...
The importance of data and information sharing for the prevention control infectious diseases has long been recognised. In recent years, public health emergencies such as avian influenza, drug-resistant malaria, Ebola have brought renewed attention to need effective communication channels between authorities, particularly in regional contexts where neighbouring countries share common threats. However, little empirical research conducted date explore range factors that may affect transfer,...
Introduction In low-income and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia, the burden of diseases among rural population remains poorly understood, posing a challenge for effective healthcare prioritisation resource allocation. Addressing this knowledge gap, South Asia Community-based Trials Network (SEACTN) will undertake survey that aims to determine prevalence wide range non-communicable communicable diseases, as one key initiatives its first project—the Rural Febrile Illness project...