A5049932698- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Retinal and Macular Surgery
- Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2018-2024
Medical Research Council
2021-2024
University of Cambridge
2023-2024
Illinois College
2024
MRC Biostatistics Unit
2023-2024
University of London
2024
University of Leeds
2024
Federation University
2023
University of Dundee
2021
Nepal Health Research Council
2021
Air pollution has been associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. We have shown that acute ozone exposure in rats induces release stress hormones, hyperglycemia, leptinemia, and glucose intolerance are global changes peripheral glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism.To examine ozone-induced metabolic derangement humans using serum metabolomic assessment, establish human-to-rodent coherence, identify novel nonprotein biomarkers.Serum...
A greater understanding of cholestatic disease is necessary to advance diagnostic tools and therapeutic options for conditions such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The purpose this study was determine compare the serum metabolomes patients with PBC (n = 18) or PSC 21) healthy controls 10) identify metabolites that may differentiate these two diseases.Using a mass spectrometry-based, non-targeted biochemical profiling approach, we identified 420 metabolites,...
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of acute failure in United-States. The aim study was to describe serum immune profiles associated with DILI, investigate whether there are clinical features or types DILI and/or prognosis, and assess temporal changes levels. Twenty-seven analytes were measured sera 78 subjects Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) compared 40 healthy controls. Immune (14 cytokines, 7 chemokines 6 growth factors) by BioPlex multiplex ELISA at onset...
Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is fundamentally a metabolic disease. Given the importance of lipids in many cellular processes, this study we delineated lipidomic profile human ccRCC and integrated it with transcriptomic data to connect variations cancer lipid metabolism gene expression changes. Untargeted analysis was performed on 20 paired normal tissues, using LC-MS GC-MS. Different classes were altered compared tissue. Among long chain fatty acids (LCFAs), significant accumulations...
In Brief Objective: To evaluate the effects of surgical weight loss on hepatic lipid peroxidation levels and cytochrome P-450 protein expression in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Summary Background Data: NAFLD steatohepatitis (NASH) affect (CYP) activity, CYP2E1 may play a role pathogenesis NASH through induction oxidative stress peroxidation. are associated increased systemic elevated but CYP3A4/5 activity is decreased. Methods: Liver biopsies from 20 who underwent...
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a complex disorder that difficult to predict, diagnose and treat.To describe the global serum proteome of patients with DILI controls.A label-free, mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic approach was used explore protein expression in samples from 74 (collected within 14 days onset) 40 controls. A longitudinal analysis conducted subset 21 available 6-month follow-up samples.Comparison based on pattern, severity causality assessment...
We recently developed a nutritional model of steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome in Ossabaw pigs. Here we describe changes the serum proteome pigs fed standard chow (control group; n = 7), atherogenic diet ( 5), or modified (M-ath 6). Pigs mildly abnormal liver histology, whereas M-ath exhibited severe injury closely resembling human nonalcoholic (NASH). Using label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach, identified 1,096 proteins, 162 which changed significantly between any two...
The value of facedown positioning following surgery for large full-thickness macular holes is unknown.To determine whether advice to position postoperatively improves the outcome holes.This randomized, parallel group superiority trial with 1:1 randomization stratified by site 3 months' follow-up was conducted at 9 sites across United Kingdom and included participants an idiopathic hole least 400 μm minimum linear diameter a duration fewer than 12 months. All had vitrectomy peeling internal...
A 25-year-old woman, gravida 4 para 2, at 37 weeks gestation was evaluated and treated for preeclampsia. Overnight, the patient had a witnessed apneic episode with maternal oxygen desaturation concurrent fetal heart rate deceleration. She subsequently delivered an infant that small gestational age. This is first case described confirmed obstructive sleep apnea by formal polysomnography decelerations. Recognizing (OSA) early in will help dictate treatment options may prevent adverse outcomes....
TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) is considered the gold standard diagnostic test for autoimmunity of Graves' disease (GD), which commonly diagnosed clinically.To evaluate true positive (sensitivity) and negative (specificity) rates clinical diagnosis GD or non-GD hyperthyroidism compared to TRAb test.University teaching hospital in North West England.Patients Endocrinology service who had a measurement between December 2009 October 2015.Electronic patient records were studied retrospectively...
Behavior change apps can develop iteratively, where the app evolves into a complex, dynamic, or personalized intervention through cycles of research, development, and implementation. Understanding how existing users engage with an (eg, frequency, amount, depth, duration use) help guide further incremental improvements. We aim to explore simple visualizations provide good understanding temporal patterns engagement, as usage data are often longitudinal rich.This study aims visualize behavioral...
Drink Less is a behavior change app to help higher-risk drinkers in the United Kingdom reduce their alcohol consumption. The includes daily notification asking users "Please complete your drinks and mood diary," yet we did not understand causal effect of on engagement nor how improve this component Less. We developed new bank 30 messages increase users' reflective motivation engage with This study aimed determine standard notifications affect engagement.
In zebrafish, R-cadherin (cadherin-4 or Cdh4) is expressed in the retina and retinorecipient brain regions, suggesting that Cdh4 functions during visual system development. function was examined retinogenesis retinal axon outgrowth using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides mutant construct expression. knockdowns, reduced absent, eyes were small, retinae lacked discrete laminae. Increased cell death produced small eye phenotype. Zn5-, Pax6-, zpr-1-positive cells absent knockdown retinas...
Background Drink Less is a behavior change app that aims to help users in the general adult population reduce hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The includes daily push notification, delivered at 11 am, asking “Please complete your mood drinking diaries.” Previous analysis of engagement data suggests current notification strongly influences how engage with subsequent hour. To exploit potential increase vulnerability excess opportunity evenings, we changed delivery time from am 8 pm....
Obesity is a factor in the outcome and severity of pancreatic conditions. We examined effect hypercaloric diets on pancreata Ossabaw swine, large animal model metabolic syndrome obesity.Swine were fed with 1 4 diets: high-fructose (n = 9), atherogenic 10), modified 6), or eucaloric standard diet 12) for 24 weeks. Serum chemistries measured, histological abnormalities including steatosis, inflammation fibrosis, insulin content, oxidative stress.The fructose, atherogenic, groups exhibited...
A recurrence of cancer is a traumatic and stressful experience, number approaches have been proposed to manage or treat the associated psychological distress. Meditative techniques such as mindfulness may be able improve an individual's ability cope with life events diagnosis treatment. This single-arm mixed-methods study primarily aimed determine feasibility using mindfulness-based intervention in managing psychosocial distress recurrent ovarian cancer. Twenty-eight participants took part...
Abstract Purpose : To compare the proteomic profiles of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) liver biopsy material and matched frozen tissue from patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Experimental design A label‐free mass spectrometry‐based approach was used to profile global protein expression in FFPE specimens five NASH. Results Eight hundred sixty proteins were identified >75% confidence: 225 common both tissues, an additional 142 493 respectively. Functional analyses...
Pulmonary responses to the air pollutant, ozone, are increased in obesity. Both obesity and ozone cause changes systemic metabolism. Consequently, we examined impact of on lung metabolomes obese lean mice. Lean wildtype db/db mice were exposed acute (2 ppm for 3 h) or air. 24 hours later, lungs excised, flushed with PBS remove blood analyzed via liquid-chromatography gas-chromatography coupled mass spectrometry metabolites. caused metabolome. Of 321 compounds identified, 101 significantly...