A5001543982- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immune cells in cancer
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Inflammation biomarkers and pathways
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Washington University in St. Louis
2016-2025
Lifespan
2020
Rhode Island Hospital
2020
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2019
The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
2016-2019
Stanford Medicine
2017
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
2015
Harvard University
1984-2014
University of Szeged
2014
Erasmus Hospital
2014
<h3>Importance</h3> Definitions of sepsis and septic shock were last revised in 2001. Considerable advances have since been made into the pathobiology (changes organ function, morphology, cell biology, biochemistry, immunology, circulation), management, epidemiology sepsis, suggesting need for reexamination. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate and, as needed, update definitions shock. <h3>Process</h3> A task force (n = 19) with expertise pathobiology, clinical trials, was convened by Society...
Severe sepsis is typically characterized by initial cytokine-mediated hyperinflammation. Whether this hyperinflammatory phase followed immunosuppression controversial. Animal studies suggest that multiple immune defects occur in sepsis, but data from humans remain conflicting.To determine the association of with changes host innate and adaptive immunity to examine potential mechanisms for putative immunosuppression.Rapid postmortem spleen lung tissue harvest was performed at bedsides 40...
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether apoptosis is a major mechanism cell death in patients with sepsis. activities caspase-3 and the antiapoptotic protein, BCL-2, were investigated also. Design A prospective 20 who died sepsis multiple organ dysfunction performed. control group 16 consisted critically ill, nonseptic evaluated either prospectively [7] or retrospectively [9]. In addition, normal colon sections from seven had bowel resections included. Apoptosis...
Abstract Patients with sepsis have impaired host defenses that contribute to the lethality of disorder. Recent work implicates lymphocyte apoptosis as a potential factor in immunosuppression sepsis. If is an important mechanism, specific subsets lymphocytes may be more vulnerable. A prospective study cell typing and was conducted spleens from 27 patients 25 trauma. Spleens 16 critically ill nonseptic (3 13 retrospective) were also evaluated. Immunohistochemical staining showed...
The mechanistic basis for cardiac and renal dysfunction in sepsis is unknown. In particular, the degree type of cell death undefined.To evaluate sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte tubular injury death.Light electron microscopy immunohistochemical staining markers cellular stress, including connexin-43 kidney-injury-molecule-1 (Kim-1), were used this study.Rapid postmortem harvest was performed 44 septic patients. Control hearts obtained from 12 transplant 13 brain-dead kidneys 20 trauma patients...
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether persistent lymphopenia on the fourth day following diagnosis sepsis predicts mortality. Methods: This a single-center, retrospective cohort 335 adult patients with bacteremia and admitted large university-affiliated tertiary care hospital between January 1, 2010, July 31, 2012. All complete blood cell count profiles during first 4 days were recorded. primary outcome 28-day Secondary outcomes included development secondary...
Sepsis is frequently characterized by a number of metabolic abnormalities: increased plasma lactate concentration, acidosis, glycolysis, and an abnormal "delivery-dependent" oxygen consumption. Two hypotheses have been advanced to explain these (1) cellular hypoxia resulting from microcirculatory blood flow or (2) defect(s) in energy-producing pathways cells. Results our studies on rat muscle, liver, heart, brain, suggest that there no evidence bioenergetic failure septic tissues the...
A pathway newly implicated in the immunosuppression observed persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may also be pertinent to associated sepsis.
A current controversy is whether patients with sepsis progress to an immunosuppressed state. We hypothesized that reactivation of latent viruses occurred prolonged thereby providing evidence clinically-relevant immunosuppression and potentially a means serially-monitor patients' immune status. Secondly, if viral loads are markedly elevated, they may contribute morbidity mortality. This study determined herpesviruses, polyomaviruses, the anellovirus TTV in correlated severity. Serial whole...
A defining pathophysiologic feature of sepsis is profound apoptosis-induced death and depletion CD4+ CD8+ T cells. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) an antiapoptotic common γ-chain cytokine that essential for lymphocyte proliferation survival. Clinical trials IL-7 in over 390 oncologic lymphopenic patients showed was safe, invariably increased counts, improved immunity.We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial recombinant human (CYT107) with septic shock severe...
COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality have been attributed to a pathologic host response. Two divergent hypotheses proposed: hyperinflammatory cytokine storm; failure of protective immunity that results in unrestrained viral dissemination organ injury. A key explanation for the inability address this controversy has lack diagnostic tools evaluate immune function COVID-19 infections. ELISpot, highly sensitive, functional immunoassay, was employed 27 patients with COVID-19, 51 sepsis, 18...
Sepsis is a highly lethal disorder characterized by widespread apoptosis-induced depletion of immune cells and the development profound immunosuppressive state. IL-7 potent antiapoptotic cytokine that enhances effector cell function essential for lymphocyte survival. In this study, recombinant human (rhIL-7) efficacy potential mechanisms action were tested in murine peritonitis model. Studies at two independent laboratories showed rhIL-7 markedly improved host survival, blocked apoptosis CD4...
There is increasing recognition that a major pathophysiologic event in sepsis the progression to an immunosuppressive state which host unable eradicate invading pathogens. Although there are likely numerous causes for immunosuppression, expression of negative costimulatory molecules on immune effector cells contributing factor. PD-1 recently described, molecule has potent effects inhibit T cell activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic functions. plays critical role response specific...