In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by using aqueous root extracts of Rheum palmatum and characterized various spectroscopic methods. The found to be in hexagonal spherical shapes. average particle size was 121 ± 2 nm with zeta potential values −21.6 mv dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis R. revealed 35 compounds. AgNPs showed significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus Pseudomonas aeruginosa IC90...

ABSTRACT Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes (targeting Bacteria and Archaea ) 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance were applied to investigate the rumen microbiota metabolites Hanwoo steers in growth stage (HGS), late fattening (HFS), Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle (HDC), Korean native goats (KNG) stage. This was a two-part investigation. We began by comparing at two stages husbandry. Statistical comparisons microbial communities showed no significant differences between HFS HGS (differing dietary...

Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are common food contaminants produced by Fusarium sp. Mycotoxins a potential health hazard because of their toxicological effects on both humans farmed animals. Methods: We analyzed three groups pigs: control group (fed standard diet), the DON ZEN groups, fed diet containing 8 mg/kg 0.8 respectively, for four weeks. Results: exposure decreased body weight (BW), average daily feed intake (ADFI), conversion rate (FCR), serum levels...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) can seriously affect animal health, with potentially severe economic losses. Previous studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota plays a significant role in detoxification. We analyzed the colon contents from three groups of pigs (fed either standard diet, or diet 8 mg/kg DON ZEN). Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons were obtained contents, sequenced using next-generation sequencing on MiSeq platform. Overall, 2,444,635 sequences generated, ≥2000...

This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation microbially-fermented spent mushroom substrates (MFSMS) on weight gain, carcass characteristics, and economic efficiency Hanwoo steers. Highly cellulolytic bacteria (Enterobacter spp. Bacillus spp.) isolated from (SMS) stacks were inoculated (1% v/v) into SMS, which was anaerobically fermented fed to steers for 12.6 months during growing fattening periods. Growing assigned control group without Microbially-fermented SMS (MFSMS), a...

This study was conducted to evaluate the yield, nutrient characteristics, ruminal solubility, degradability and disappearance of spent mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) substrates for ruminants.The annual yield Agaricus bisporus measured be about 210,000 tons (M/T) in South Korea.The surface soil-removed had nutritional characteristics high crude ash (375 g/kg) Ca (32 g/kg), medium protein (134 g/kg CP), fiber (384 NDF on a DM basis).Compared with initial substrates, twice higher (p<0.0001)CP...

Objective The Fusarium mycotoxins of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zerolenone (ZEN) cause health hazards for both humans farm animals. Therefore, the main intention this study was to reveal DON ZEN effects on mRNA expression pro-inflammatory cytokines other immune related genes in liver piglets. Methods In present study, 15 six-week-old piglets were randomly assigned following three different dietary treatments 4 weeks: control diet, diet containing 8 mg DON/kg feed, 0.8 ZEN/kg feed. After weeks,...

Background: Ensiling spent mushroom substrate (SMS) generally increases its nutrient digestibility and quality. Objective: To determine the feed quality of SMS from Pleurotus ostreatus (SMSP) inoculated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB: Lactobacillus brevis) in Hanwoo steers. Methods: Ruminal disappearance SMSP (ISMSP) were evaluated three rumen-fistulated steers (408 ± 13.0 Kg body weight). Further, healthy (336 69.0 weight) randomly allotted to one dietary treatments (control: 25% straw, 75%...

Four ruminally fistulated Hanwoo steers were used to determine the effects of level and degradability dietary protein on ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites concentration soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN) in (RD) omasal digesta (OD).Experiments conducted a 4×4 Latin square design with 2×2 factorial arrangement treatments.Factors supplements two crude (CP) degradabilities, corn gluten meal (CGM) that was low (rumendegraded (RDP), 23.4% CP) or soybean (SBM) high (RDP, 62.1% CP), feeding...

In the present study, chemical composition and antibacterial mechanism of ambrette seed oil are investigated. Chemical was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-five compounds were identified major found to be farnesol acetate (51.45%) ambrettolide (12.96%). The activity performed well diffusion assay mechanisms studied measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) protein leakage assays. effect showed inhibitory against Bacillus subtilis,...

Very limited information exists on the ruminal degradation kinetics of nutrients in garlic stalk. The present study aimed to survey annual yield stalk Korea and determine its feed-nutritive value for ruminants.In Experiment 1, was incubated situ rumen two Hanwoo steers (360 ± 15 kg body weight) removed after 12, 24, or 48 h DM NDF. Rice straw also included comparison. In 2, six male Corriedale sheep were randomized dietary treatments apparent digestibility Diets a control ration without (60%...

This study aimed to determine the effective dose of intravenous administration L-tryptophan (L-T) on gastrointestinal hormones (GIH) secretions and melatonin using Hanwoo cattle. Three steers (362 ± 23 kg) fitted with indwelling jugular vein catheters were assigned in a 3 × Latin square design. Treatments saline (control), 28.9 mg L-T/kg body weight (BW; low) 57.8 BW (high) L-T for 1 day 7 days adaptation. Samples collected after adaptation period at −60, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240,...

A Gram-negative bacterium, designated AD8(T), was isolated from a tidal flat of the Taean coast in South Korea. Cells were strictly aerobic, motile, ovoid rods or rods, with two lateral flagella on one side. Strain AD8(T) catalase- and oxidase-positive able to oxidize thiosulfate reduce nitrate nitrite. Growth strain observed at 15-40 °C (optimum 25-30 °C), pH 5.0-9.5 6.0-7.5) 1.0-11.0 % (w/v) NaCl 2.0-4.0 %). The predominant fatty acids C(18 : 1)ω7c C(19 0) cyclo ω8c. G+C content genomic...

Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), common contaminants in the feed of farm animals, cause immune function impairment organ inflammation. Consequently, main objective this study was to elucidate DON ZEN effects on mRNA expression pro-inflammatory cytokines other related genes kidneys piglets.Fifteen 6-week-old piglets were randomly assigned three dietary treatments for 4 weeks: control diet, diets contaminated with either 8 mg DON/kg or 0.8 ZEN/kg feed. Kidney...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of indigenous herbal supplements on growth, blood metabolites and carcass characteristics in late fattening period Hanwoo steers. In a 6 month feeding trial, thirty steers (647±32 kg) were allotted one 5 treatment groups, control (basal diet contained lasalocid), licorice, clove, turmeric silymarin, with six per pen. All groups received ad libitum concentrate 1 kg rice straw/animal/d throughout trial. Blood samples collected at beginning,...

Youl-Chang Baek, Minseok Kim, Jin-Young Jeong, Young-Kyoon Oh, Sung-Dae Lee, Yoo-Kyung Sang-Yun Ji and Hyuck Choi. Journal of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology 2019;34:173-82. https://doi.org/10.12750/JARB.34.3.173

This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation spent mushroom substrates (SMS) on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in Hanwoo steers. The experiment conducted as a duplicated Latin square design with six steers (600±47 kg), each permanently fitted ruminal cannula. There were three treatments; i) control (concentrates 4.8 kg +rice straw 1.2 kg/d), ii) Pleurotus eryngiia (PE) treatment kg+rice 0.73 kg+Pleurotus 1.20 kg/d) iii) osteratus (PO) kg/d). no major...

This study was designed to determine how feeding diets differing in crude protein (CP) and undegraded intake (UIP) levels affected productivity, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, the production economics of Hanwoo steers. Thirty-six steers (age = 8.2±0.5 mo; body weight 254±16.1 kg) were assigned at random one three treatments (4 steers/pen; 3 pens/treatment): i) a low-CP diet (LP; control) containing 12.1% CP with 35.1% UIP, 12.0% 36.8% 12.9% 48.8% growing, fattening, finishing...

The present study investigated the optimum blending condition of protected fat, choline and yeast culture for lowering rumen temperature. Box Benken experimental design, a fractional factorial arrangement, response surface methodology were employed. was determined using simulated in vitro fermentation. An additive formulated on contained 50% 25% culture, 5% choline, 7% organic zinc, 6.5% cinnamon, stevioside. feed supplemented at rate 0.1% diet (orchard grass:concentrate, 3:7) compared with...

This study investigated the effects of oral administration rumen-protected L-tryptophan (RPL-T) on duodenal starch digestion and gastrointestinal hormones (GIH) secretions using Hanwoo beef steers as animal models.Four (423±24 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were employed in a crossover design replicated twice. Treatments control (basal diet) RPL-T diet+191.1 mg/kg body weight [BW]) group. Blood samples collected to measure serum GIH levels pancreatic α-amylase activity at day 0, 1, 3, 5...