A5088969490- Climate variability and models
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Environmental Changes in China
- Environmental and Agricultural Sciences
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
Brookhaven National Laboratory
2010-2025
Sun Yat-sen University
2016-2025
The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
2016-2025
National Synchrotron Light Source II
2003-2025
Ovid Therapeutics (United States)
2025
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
2013-2025
Nanjing University
2015-2024
National University of Defense Technology
2017-2024
Nanjing Normal University
2023-2024
Chongqing Jiaotong University
2024
The STAT family of proteins carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation transcription. A new member, Stat3, becomes activated through phosphorylation on tyrosine as DNA binding protein in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) but not interferon γ (IFN-γ). It is likely that this phosphoprotein forms homodimers well heterodimers with the first described member family, Stat91 (renamed Stat1 α), which by IFNs EGF. Differential different ligands should...
Many members of the cytokine receptor superfamily initiate intracellular signaling by activating Jak family tyrosine kinases. Activation same Jaks multiple cytokines raises question how these activate distinct pathways. Selection particular substrates--the transcriptional activator Stat3 and protein phosphatase PTP1D--that characterize responses to ciliary neurotrophic factor-interleukin-6 depended not on which was activated, but instead determined specific tyrosine-based motifs in...
The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that gold nanoparticle (AuNP, nanogold)-enhanced radiation therapy (nanogold therapy, NRT) efficacious when treating resistant and highly aggressive mouse head neck squamous cell carcinoma model, SCCVII, identify parameters influencing efficacy NRT. Subcutaneous (sc) SCCVII leg tumors in mice were irradiated with x-rays at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) without prior intravenous (iv) administration...
Chronic inflammation is a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of many age-associated diseases. One central protein that regulates NF-κB, activity which modulated by post-translational modifications as well association with co-activator and co-repressor proteins. SIRT1, an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, has been shown to suppress NF-κB signaling through deacetylation p65 subunit resulting reduction inflammatory responses mediated this transcription factor. The role SIRT1 regulation...
Distinct yet overlapping sets of STAT transcription factors are activated by different cytokines. One example is the differential activation acute phase response factor (APRF, also called Stat3) and Stat1 interleukin 6 interferon-γ. Interleukin activates both while, at least in human cells, interferon-γ recruits only Stat1. mediated through a cytosolic tyrosine motif, Y440, receptor. In an accompanying paper (Gerhartz, C., Heesel, B., Sasse, J., Hemmann, U., Landgraf, Schneider-Mergener,...
Conventional radiography produces a single image of an object by measuring the attenuation x-ray beam passing through it. When imaging weakly absorbing tissues, may be suboptimal signature disease-related information. In this paper we describe new phase-sensitive method, called multiple-image (MIR), which is improvement on prior technique diffraction-enhanced (DEI). This elaborates our initial presentation idea in Wernick et al (2002 Proc. Int. Symp. Biomed. Imaging pp 129–32). MIR...
Studies of transcriptional activation by interferons and a variety cytokines have led to the identification family proteins that serve as signal transducers activators transcription, Stats. Here, we report seven mouse Stat loci map in three clusters, with each cluster located on different autosome. The data suggest has arisen via tandem duplication ancestral locus, followed dispersion linked chromosomes.
Studies have shown that x-rays delivered as arrays of parallel microplanar beams (microbeams), 25- to 90-microm thick and spaced 100-300 microm on-center, respectively, spare normal tissues including the central nervous system (CNS) preferentially damage tumors. However, such thin microbeams can only be produced by synchrotron sources other practical limitations clinical implementation. To approach this problem, we first studied CNS tolerance much thicker beams. Three four rats whose spinal...
A Bi2O3 in β-MnO2 composite cathode material has been synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method and cycled mixed KOH–LiOH electrolyte with range of concentrations. We show that, at KOH:LiOH molar ratio 1:3, both proton insertion lithium occur, allowing access to higher fraction the theoretical capacity MnO2 while preventing formation ZnMn2O4. This enables 360 mAh/g for over 60 cycles, cycling limited more by anode properties than traditional cathodic failure mechanisms. The structural...
Watching the silver lining inside Some types of batteries contain both a transition metal reducible metal, such as cathode material Ag 2 VP O 8 . During operation, and V ions are reduced, atoms can form wires to enhance internal conductivity. Kirshenbaum et al. probe discharge battery at different rates track formation using in situ energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction (see Perspective by Dudney Li). They show how rate affects whether or is preferentially reduced also distribution atoms, then...
The response of tropical cyclone (TC) destructive potential to global warming is an open issue. A number previous studies have ignored the effect TC size change in context warming, which resulted a significant underestimation potential. lack reliable and consistent historical data on limits confident estimation linkage between observed trend that sea surface temperature (SST) under background climate warming. regional atmospheric model used present study investigate increases SST. results...
Nanosized, carbon-coated LiFePO4 (LFP) is a promising cathode for Li-ion batteries. However, nano-particles are problematic electrode design, optimized electrodes requiring high tap densities, good electronic wiring, and low tortuosity efficient Li diffusion in the electrolyte between solid particles, conditions that difficult to achieve simultaneously. Using situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction, we map evolution of inhomogeneous electrochemical reaction LFP-electrodes. On first cycle,...
Abstract Excessive mitochondrial fission acts as a pro-proliferative marker in some cancers and organ fibrosis; its potential role renal fibroblast activation fibrogenesis has never been investigated. Here, we showed more pronounced fragmented mitochondria fibrotic than non-fibrotic humans mice. In mouse model of obstructive nephropathy, phosphorylation Drp1 at serine 616 (p-Drp1S616) acetylation H3K27(H3K27ac) was increased kidneys; pharmacological inhibition by mdivi-1 substantially...
A large G4C2-repeat expansion in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Neuronal degeneration associated with this arises from a loss protein, accumulation RNA foci, expression dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, or all these factors. We report discovery new targeting sequence that to transcripts but enables preferential knockdown repeat-containing multiple cellular models C9BAC transgenic mice. optimize stereopure...
Previous studies demonstrated that the intraperitoneal injection of epidermal growth factor (EGF) into mice resulted in appearance, within minutes, several tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins liver nuclei.Two these have been identified as transcription factors p91/p84 (Statlcullp) (Ruff-Jamison, s., Chen, K., and Cohen, S. (1993) Science 261,1733-1736).We now identified, by Western blotting immunoprecipitation, an additional EGF-modulated factor, Stat3.We find Stat3 is tyrosinephosphorylated...
Diffraction enhanced imaging is a radiographic technique that derives contrast from an object's x-ray absorption, refraction gradient and small angle scatter properties (extinction). In prior work, images obtained using two analyser settings were combined to obtain apparent absorption images. A more general method of determining independently the refraction, extinction object presented. This approach has been used model transmission, distribution sample visualize these three physical...
Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) with photons of high energy and flux is used to map crystalline discharge products within alkaline AA cells following at various rates: C/160, C/80, C/40, C/20, C/10, C/5. During the study, sealed are never opened thus exposed air. The technique's resolution allows manganese oxide be distinguished, which has previously proven difficult. In particular, colocalized Mn3O4 (hausmannite) ZnMn2O4 (hetaerolite) phases resolved C/40 rates. Following more...