Anna M. Foss
A5059296139- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Sex work and related issues
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Reproductive tract infections research
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Genital Health and Disease
- Health disparities and outcomes
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2013-2024
Faculty of Public Health
2010-2024
University of Tartu
2024
University of Cambridge
2021
University of London
2007-2020
Medical Research Council
2020
University of Southampton
2014
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
2014
Roskilde University
2008
Abstract Background Asymptomatic or subclinical SARS-CoV-2 infections are often unreported, which means that confirmed case counts may not accurately reflect underlying epidemic dynamics. Understanding the level of ascertainment (the ratio symptomatic cases to true number individuals) and undetected progression is crucial informing COVID-19 response planning, including introduction relaxation control measures. Estimating over time allows for accurate estimates specific outcomes such as...
The health impact of COVID-19 may differ in African settings as compared to countries Europe or China due demographic, epidemiological, environmental and socio-economic factors. We evaluated strategies reduce SARS-CoV-2 burden countries, so support decisions that balance minimising mortality, protecting services safeguarding livelihoods. used a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered mathematical model, stratified by age, predict the evolution epidemics three representing range age...
Understanding changes in human mobility the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic is crucial for assessing impacts travel restrictions designed to reduce disease spread. Here, relying on data from mainland China, we investigate spatio-temporal characteristics between 1st January and March 2020, discuss their public health implications. An outbound surge Wuhan before were implemented was also observed across China due Lunar New Year, indicating that holiday may have played a larger role compared...
Abstract Background Many low- and middle-income countries have implemented control measures against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, it is not clear to what extent these explain the low numbers of recorded COVID-19 cases deaths in Africa. One main aims reduce respiratory pathogen transmission through direct contact with others. In this study, we collect data from residents informal settlements around Nairobi, Kenya, assess if changed patterns, estimate impact changes on basic...
A key unknown for SARS-CoV-2 is how asymptomatic infections contribute to transmission. We used a transmission model with and presymptomatic states, calibrated data on disease onset test frequency from the Diamond Princess cruise ship outbreak, quantify contribution of The estimated that 74% (70–78%, 95% posterior interval) proceeded asymptomatically. Despite intense testing, 53% (51–56%) remained undetected, most them asymptomatic. Asymptomatic individuals were source 69% (20–85%) all...
Abstract There is conflicting evidence on the influence of weather COVID-19 transmission. Our aim to estimate weather-dependent signatures in early phase pandemic, while controlling for socio-economic factors and non-pharmaceutical interventions. We identify a modest non-linear association between mean temperature effective reproduction number (R e ) 409 cities 26 countries, with decrease 0.087 (95% CI: 0.025; 0.148) 10 °C increase. Early interventions have greater effect R 0.285 CI 0.223;...
Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that contact tracing has had limited success in the UK reducing R number across COVID-19 pandemic. We investigate potential pitfalls and areas for improvement by extending an existing branching process model, adding diagnostic testing refining parameter estimates. Our results demonstrate reporting adherence are most important predictors of programme impact but coverage speed plus sensitivity also play role. conclude well-implemented could bring small...
For 45 African countries/territories already reporting COVID-19 cases before 23 March 2020, we estimate the dates of 1,000 and 10,000 cases. Assuming early epidemic trends without interventions, all were likely to exceed confirmed by end April with most exceeding a few weeks later.
Abstract Background Schools were closed in England on 4 January 2021 as part of increased national restrictions to curb transmission SARS-CoV-2. The UK government reopened schools 8 March. Although there was evidence lower individual-level risk amongst children compared adults, the combined effects this with contact rates school settings and resulting impact overall rate population not clear. Methods We measured social contacts > 5000 participants weekly from March 2020, including periods...
Abstract In early 2020 many countries closed schools to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Since then, governments have sought relax closures, engendering a need understand associated risks. Using address records, we construct network in England connected through pupils who share households. We evaluate risk transmission between under different reopening scenarios. show that whilst select year-groups causes low large-scale transmission, secondary could result outbreaks affecting up 2.5...
Extreme weather events (floods and heatwaves) are becoming more frequent intense due to climate change, posing significant risks maternal child health (MCH). These interact in complex ways, occurring as compounding hazards (simultaneous or overlapping events), multiple (independent but co-occurring risks), cascading (where one event triggers exacerbates another). Understanding these interactions is critical for assessing their full impacts improving system resilience. To date, health-related...
The increasing frequency and intensity of climate extremes, such as floods heatwaves, pose significant challenges to Maternal Child Health (MCH) systems, disrupting the delivery access essential health services. Mothers children, due their heightened vulnerabilities, are disproportionately affected, particularly in accessing preventive care antenatal services immunizations. Understanding drivers vulnerability within systems evolution under future extremes is critical for designing effective...
Background: In south India, general population HIV prevalence estimates range from 0.5 to 3%. To focus prevention efforts, it is important understand whether transmission driven by commercial sex. Methods: A dynamic HIV/sexually transmitted infection model was parameterized using data Belgaum and Mysore in India. Fits sexually infection/HIV female sex workers (FSWs) their clients for each district were obtained. Model HIV/herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) projections the cross-validated against...
Research endeavours require the collaborative effort of an increasing number individuals. International scientific collaborations are particularly important for HIV and HPV co-infection studies, since burden disease is rising in developing countries, but most experts research funds found developed where prevalence low. The objective our study was to investigate patterns international collaboration using social network analysis. Through a systematic review literature, we obtained...
Ahmedabad is an industrial city in Gujarat, India. In 2003, the HIV prevalence among commercial sex workers (CSWs) reached 13.0%. response, Jyoti Sangh prevention programme for CSWs was initiated, which involves outreach, peer education, condom distribution, and free STD clinics. Two surveys were performed 1999 2003. This study estimates cost-effectiveness of programme. A dynamic mathematical model used with survey intervention-specific data from to estimate impact project 51 months between...