Rationale: Nonclassical mouse monocyte (CX3CR1 high , Ly-6C low ) patrolling along the vessels of microcirculation is critical for endothelial homeostasis and inflammation. Because technical challenges, it currently not established how occurs in large arteries. Objective: This study was undertaken to elucidate molecular, migratory, functional phenotypes monocytes shear pulsatile environment arteries healthy, hyperlipidemic, atherosclerotic conditions. Methods Results: Applying a new method...

Neutrophils are major effectors of acute inflammation against infection and tissue damage, with ability to adapt their phenotype according the microenvironment. Although sex hormones regulate adaptive immune cells, which explains differences in immunity infection, little information is available about effects androgens on neutrophils. We therefore aimed examine neutrophil recruitment plasticity androgen-dependent -independent sites under androgen manipulation. By using a bacterial model...

Abstract BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been postulated to be an important driving force prostate carcinoma. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) compose a family of mainly expressed on immune cells. Recently, functional TLRs have shown also in numerous cancer cells, but their significance only recently begun explored. The purpose this study was investigate the putative role TLR4 expression METHODS To determine if there is association between and malignancy tumor, 35 carcinoma samples showing...

Abstract: In spite of the numerous studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cellular and molecular basis disease's development remain unclear. Neutrophils eosinophils are known to be key players in COPD. Recently, neutrophil extracellular trap cell death (NETosis), a mechanism due decondensation extrusion chromatin form traps, has been demonstrated However, there is limited knowledge about eosinophil (EETosis) its role pathogenesis The aim this study was evaluate EETosis...

Galectins, a family of animal lectins characterized by their affinity for N-acetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates, modulate several immune cell processes shaping the course innate and adaptive responses. Through interaction with wide range glycosylated receptors bearing complex branched N-glycans core 2-O-glycans, these endogenous trigger distinct signaling programs thereby controling activation, differentiation, recruitment survival. Given unique features mucosal inflammation...

Emerging evidence suggests that unregulated Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling promotes tumor survival signals, thus favoring progression. Here, the mechanism underlying TLR4 overexpression in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) mainly harboring BRAFV600E mutation was studied. overexpressed PTC compared with nonneoplastic tissue. Moreover, paired clinical specimens of primary and its lymph node metastasis showed a significant upregulation levels metastatic tissues. In agreement, conditional...

Theprostate gland is the most inflammation-prone organ in male reproductive tract. However, little information available regarding immunobiology of this gland. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) considered to be a major sensor danger signals and key trigger innate immune responses. TLRs have also been implicated development different inflammatory diseases organs which epithelial-stromal interactions are critical for homeostasis. The purpose work was evaluate presence regulation TLR4 rat prostate....

Canonical Wnt and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathways are highly conserved systems that contribute to normal vertebrate development, with key consequences for immune, nervous, cardiovascular system function; despite these functional overlaps, little is known about Wnt/β-catenin-S1P cross-talk. In the vascular system, both Wnt/β-catenin S1P signals affect vessel maturation, stability, barrier function, but information regarding their potential coordination scant. We report an...

Abstract BACKGROUND Prostate smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are strongly involved in the development and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia prostate cancer. However, their participation prostatitis has not been completely elucidated. Thus, we aimed to characterize response normal SMC bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS Primary SMCs from rats were stimulated with LPS (0.1, 1, or 10 µg/ml) for 24 48 hr. The phenotype was evaluated by electron microscopy, immunofluorescence,...

Abstract BACKGROUND It has been proposed that prostatic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer. However, little information is available about reaction to bacterial compounds vivo. Our aim was therefore evaluate early effects infection on rat ventral compartments. METHODS Using model acute prostatitis by Escherichia coli , we analyzed histological ultrastructural changes at 24, 48, 72 hr postinfection. Prostatic tissues were...

Androgen signaling in prostate smooth muscle cells (pSMCs) is critical for the maintenance of homeostasis, alterations which are a central aspect development pathological conditions. Testosterone can act through classic androgen receptor (AR) cytoplasm, eliciting genomic signaling, or different types receptors located at plasma membrane nongenomic signaling. We aimed to find evidence testosterone-signaling mechanisms pSMCs and their participation cell proliferation, differentiation,...

Prostate smooth muscle cells (pSMCs) are capable of responding to inflammatory stimuli by secreting proinflammatory products, which causes pSMCs undergo dedifferentiation. Although it has been proposed that androgens decrease molecules in many and under various conditions, the role testosterone prostate microenvironment is still unclear. Therefore, our aim was evaluate if able modulate response bacterial LPS stimulating primary pSMC cultures, containing or vehicle, with (1 10 µg/ml) for...

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is an innate immune that present in mucosal lined surfaces throughout the human body, including male reproductive tract. In study, we characterized regulation of SP-D expression mouse and rat prostate.Real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) immunostaining were used to characterize mRNA order evaluate effects testosterone on gene expression, measured levels via real RT-PCR prostates from sham-castrated mice castrated mice. addition, a...

The defence of the male reproductive tract against microorganisms is critical for fertilization. prostate gland has been reported to express several molecules innate immune system. However, little information available about how androgens may modulate host defences within prostate. We therefore aimed examine in rat expression TLR4 system, which strongly involved pathogen recognition, and secretion antibacterial substances rBD-1 SP-D after androgen withdrawal. Immunoblotting...

Summary Bronchiolar C lara cells play a critical role in lung homoeostasis. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects chronic allergy on these and efficacy budesonide ( BUD ) montelukast MK restoring their typical phenotypes after ovalbumin‐induced mice. Chronic induced extensive bronchiolar Alcian blue‐periodic acid‐Schiff (AB/PAS)‐positive metaplasia. In addition, accumulated numerous big electron‐lucent granules negative for cell secretory protein CC 16), consequently, 16...

Abstract One of the recognized issues in prostate cancer research is lack animal models allowing pathological, biochemical, and genetic factors immunocompetent animals. Our group has successfully employed gerbil several studies for diseases. In present work, we aimed to analyze effect chronic bacterial inflammation on N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosourea (MNU)‐induced carcinogenesis gerbils. Histopathological assessment prostatic complex revealed that treatment combinations with MNU plus testosterone or...

Prostatic smooth muscle cells (pSMCs) differentiation is a key factor for prostatic homeostasis, with androgens exerting multiple effects on these cells. Here, we demonstrated that the myodifferentiator complex Srf/Myocd up‐regulated by testosterone in dose‐dependent manner primary cultures of rat pSMCs, which was associated to increase Acta2 , Cnn1 and Lmod1 expressions. Blocking Srf or Myocd siRNAs inhibited effect testosterone. While LPS led dedifferentiated phenotype characterized...

Atopic asthma is a chronic allergic disease that involves T-helper type 2 (Th2)-inflammation and airway remodeling. Bronchiolar club cells (CC) alveolar macrophages (AM) are sentinel of barrier against inhaled injuries, where allergy induces mucous metaplasia CC the alternative activation AM, which compromise host defense mechanisms amplify Th2-inflammation. As there evidence high levels environmental endotoxin modulates asthma, goal this study was to evaluate if local defenses by...

Evaluation of uteroglobin (UG) expression in the fallopian tube different tubal diseases.The UG was screened and quantified samples tubes from patients with salpingitis, hydrosalpinx, ectopic pregnancy by exposing immunohistochemical techniques.University hospital electron microscopy center.Women pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) complicated consulting for medical care.Salpingectomy.Tubal tissues were collected examined using regular pathologic techniques. The immunoreactivity epithelium...

The initial segment of the caput epididymidis, most proximal part rat epididymis, has specific functional characteristics. In present study, behavior epididymal epithelium from this region was evaluated after exposure to a massive number immature germ cells in luminal fluid. experimental release seminiferous tubules performed by injecting anti-microtubule compounds into rete testis and lumen tubules. Twenty-four hours nocodazole or colchicine administration, phagocytosis spermatogenic cells,...