A5002156778- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Gun Ownership and Violence Research
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Corneal surgery and disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens
- Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Regional Economic and Spatial Analysis
- Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
University of California, San Francisco
2018-2025
University of Washington
2019-2024
University of California, Irvine
2024
Seattle University
2023
San Francisco Foundation
2018-2022
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center
2019-2021
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna
2018
Burkina Faso has a seasonal malnutrition pattern, with higher prevalence during the rainy season when crop yields are low. We investigated association between dietary diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6-59 mo low yield in rural to assess role of lean on childhood status.Caregivers reported past 7 d, consisting 11 food groups, summed into scale. Anthropometric measurements were taken from all children. Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ) weight-for-age (WAZ)...
Background: Despite advancements in tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics, TB remains a major global health issue, with many cases unconfirmed due to limitations conventional sputum-based testing. Tongue swab sampling has shown promise as non-invasive alternative method for diagnosis.
Objectives: To assess the effect of two health system approaches to distribute HIV self-tests on number female sex workers' client and nonclient sexual partners. Design: Cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods: Peer educators recruited 965 participants. educator–participant groups were 1 : one three arms: delivery directly from a peer educator, free facility-based in exchange for coupons, or referral standard-of-care testing. Participants all arms completed four educator intervention...
Subpatent malaria infections, or low-density infections below the detection threshold of microscopy standard rapid diagnostic testing (RDT), can perpetuate persistent transmission and, therefore, may be a barrier for countries like Namibia that are pursuing elimination. This potential burden in has not been well characterized. Using two-stage cluster sampling, cross-sectional design, subjects all age were enrolled during end 2015 season Zambezi region, located northeast Namibia. Malaria RDTs...
<h3>Importance</h3> Laws mandating a minimum age to purchase or possess firearms are viewed as potentially effective policy tool reduce homicide by decreasing young adults' access firearms. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate whether state laws that raised the and/or handgun 21 years were associated with lower rates of firearm perpetrated adults aged 18 20 years. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this difference-in-differences analysis national cohort, adult–perpetrated compared...
Corollary victims represent approximately 20% of all intimate partner homicides (IPH), and many are children. We used National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data (2003–2017) to compare IPH incidents with a child corollary victim (n = 227) where was present but not killed 350). examined risk factors for fatality during an IPH. For each factor, we calculated the odds ratio death IPH, adjusting multiple comparisons. Perpetrator history suicidal behavior, rape victim, non-biological...
Background Acanthamoeba keratitis is challenging to treat and thought result in poor outcomes, but very few comparative studies exist assess whether ulcers caused by are worse than those bacteria or fungus. Methods In a retrospective cohort study, all cases of smear- culture-proven diagnosed from January 2006 June 2011 at an eye hospital South India were identified the microbiology database. Random samples same number bacterial fungal keratitis, matched year, database order compare outcomes...
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) may have concurrent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection, and certain antiretroviral therapies are recommended for HBV-HIV co-infected individuals. Routine screening virus influence management of therapy PLHIV, but risk factors co-infection not been well defined. The objective this study was to identify HBV infection among PLHIV in South Africa. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis prospective, clinic-based cohort adults seeking...
Our understanding of the different effects targeted versus nontargeted violence on Ebola virus (EBOV) transmission in Democratic Republic Congo (DRC) is limited.We used time-series data case counts to compare individuals Ebola-affected health zones DRC, April 2018-August 2019. Exposure was number violent events per zone, categorized into Ebola-targeted or Ebola-untargeted, and civilian-induced, (para)military/political, protests. Outcome estimated daily reproduction (Rt) by zone. We fit...
To assess the current opinion and practice patterns from cornea experts regarding benefit of corneal cross-linking (CXL) for infectious keratitis (IK).An international survey was distributed to specialists via an internet survey. The data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics.A sent 190 recipients, 29 (15%) respondents completed average 7 years' experience using CXL. A majority (66%) used CXL treat IK due bacterial, fungal, protozoan or unknown aetiology. Main indications use...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health problem in the United States with adverse consequences for affected individuals and families. Recent reviews of literature suggest that economic policies should be further investigated as part comprehensive strategies to address IPV. The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) nation’s largest anti-poverty program working parents, especially benefits low-income women children, who experience an elevated risk EITC may prevent IPV by offering...
HIV stigma continues to act as a barrier care in South Africa, necessitating further research on the intersections of socioeconomic factors and anticipation expression surrounding HIV. We measured prevalence HIV-related evaluated associated with symbolic anticipated Umlazi Township, Africa from 2013 2019, using validated scale, before undergoing testing. Among 7,724 people evaluated, 1,318 (16.9%) reported 2,396 (30.8%) stigma. Prevalence were significantly more common among both women...
Purpose Autorefractors allow non-specialists to quickly assess refractive error, and thus could be a useful component of large-scale vision screening programs. In order better characterize the role autorefraction for public health outreach programs in resource-limited settings, diagnostic accuracy two autorefractors was assessed relative subjective refraction an adult Indian population. Methods An optometrist refracted series patients aged ≥50 years at eye clinic Bangalore, India using Nidek...
The effects of violence exposure on the risk self-harming behaviors youth in low- and middle-income countries is not well-understood. Using household survey data from one nationally representative sample conflict-affected areas, we examined self-harm among Colombian aged 13-24. Survey-weighted prevalence ratios comparing by to were estimated with Poisson log-linear models, controlling for age, sex, education food insecurity. Compared unexposed youth, those exposed both home community...
Importance Childhood poverty is associated with poor health and behavioral outcomes. The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), first implemented in 1975, the largest cash transfer program for working families low income US. Objective To assess whether cumulative EITC payments received during childhood are risk of criminal conviction adolescence. Design, Setting, Participants In this cohort study, analytic sample consisted US children enrolled 1979 National Longitudinal Study Youth. were born...
Purpose Glaucoma screening can be performed by assessing the vertical-cup-to-disk ratio (VCDR) of optic nerve head from fundus photography, but VCDR grading is inherently subjective. This study investigated whether computer software could improve accuracy and repeatability assessment. Methods In this cross-sectional diagnostic study, 5 ophthalmologists independently assessed a set 200 disk images, with median grade used as reference standard for subsequent analyses. Eight...