A5020215104- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Synthesis and biological activity
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Robotic Locomotion and Control
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Boron Compounds in Chemistry
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
- Energy and Environment Impacts
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2013-2024
Harvard University
2022-2024
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2013-2023
University of California, San Diego
1969-2018
Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
2008
University of Illinois Chicago
1964
The spinal cord contains neural networks that enable regionally distinct motor outputs along the body axis. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how segment-specific computations are processed because cardinal interneuron classes control neurons appear uniform at each level of cord. V2a interneurons essential to both forelimb and hindlimb movements, here we identify two major types emerge during development: type I marked by high Chx10 form recurrent with neighboring II downregulate project...
Neuronal identities Neurons of the mouse spinal cord can be identified by any several metrics, including what neurotransmitters they use, cells connect to, where are located, and neuroprogenitor gave rise to them. Osseward et al. generated a different metric, genetic signatures, classes local projection neurons that were otherwise heterogeneous other classification systems. With this focus on cell's signature, its neurotransmitter phenotype, which is accessible variety transcriptional...
Enteroendocrine cells are specialized sensory of the gut-brain axis that sparsely distributed along intestinal epithelium. The functions enteroendocrine have classically been inferred by gut hormones they release. However, individual typically produce multiple, sometimes apparently opposing, in combination, and some also produced elsewhere body. Here, we developed approaches involving intersectional genetics to enable selective access vivo mice. We targeted FlpO expression endogenous Villin1...
Glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is well established as an incretin hormone, boosting glucose-dependent insulin secretion. However, whilst anorectic actions of its sister-incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are established, a physiological role for GIP in appetite regulation controversial, despite the superior weight loss seen preclinical models and humans with GLP-1/GIP dual receptor agonists compared GLP-1R agonism alone. We generated mouse model which expressing...
A large collection of full-length cDNAs is essential for the correct annotation genomic sequences and functional analysis genes their products. We obtained a total 39,936 soybean cDNA clones (GMFL01 GMFL02 clone sets) in full-length-enriched library which was constructed from plants that were grown under various developmental environmental conditions. Sequencing 5' 3' ends generated 68 661 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). The EST clustered into 22,674 scaffolds involving 2580 sequences. In...
Emotions coordinate our behavior and physiological states during survival-salient events pleasurable interactions. Even though we are often consciously aware of current emotional state, such as anger or happiness, the mechanisms giving ...Emotions felt in body, somatosensory feedback has been proposed to trigger conscious experiences. Here reveal maps bodily sensations associated with different emotions using a unique topographical self-report method. In ...
The small circular DNA of the bacteriophage ϕX174, would contain about ten cistrons on oasis its molecular weight (1.7 × 106) (Sinsheimer, 1959). Nine have been identified by complementation tests with conditional lethal mutants, and their functions tentatively assigned (Fig. 1) (Baker Tessman, 1967; Sinsheimer, 1968; Jeng Hayashi, 1970; Jeng, Gelfand, Shleser, Gelfand 1970). A genome so few is ideally suited for studying nucleic acid protein synthesis involved in expression all genes. As...
Flexible neural networks, such as the interconnected spinal neurons that control distinct motor actions, can switch their activity to produce different behaviors. Both excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) are necessary for behavior, but influence of recruiting ratios E-to-I cells remains unclear. We constructed synthetic microphysical called circuitoids, using precise combinations neuron subtypes derived from mouse stem cells. Circuitoids purified interneurons were sufficient generate...
There is immense cellular and molecular heterogeneity in biological systems. Here, we demonstrate the utility of integrating an inverted light microscope with ambient ionization source, nanospray electrospray desorption ionization, attached to a high-resolution mass spectrometer characterize composition mouse spinal cords. We detected broad range molecules, including peptides proteins, as well metabolites such lipids, sugars, other small S-adenosyl methionine glutathione, through top-down...
The ribosome is a macromolecular machine that undergoes global conformational rearrangements during translation, involve coupled movements of ribosomal subunits, tRNAs, and the L1 stalk. However, there disagreement between different ...The two main steps peptidyl transfer, translocation are accompanied by counterclockwise clockwise rotations large small subunits with respect to each other. Upon subunit ...
We have described an in vitro system which couples UTP incorporation into RNA by DNA-dependent polymerase with RNA-directed amino acid polypeptides. Using the technique of DNA-RNA hybridization, we demonstrated that whole PhiX-174 genome is transcribed during concomitant protein synthesis.
The sequential production of cell types during neural development is controlled by temporal identity transcription factors, and heterochronic expression these factors in progenitors reprograms developmental potential promotes the ...Temporal are sufficient to reprogram competence shift fate output, but whether they can also terminally differentiated cells unknown. To address this question, we ...
Abstract Innate and goal-directed movements require a high-degree of trunk appendicular muscle coordination to preserve body stability while ensuring the correct execution motor action. The spinal neural circuits underlying postural are finely modulated by propriospinal, sensory descending feedback, yet how distinct neuron populations cooperate control limb remains unclear. Here, we identified microcircuit composed V2 lineage-derived excitatory (V2a) inhibitory (V2b) neurons that together...
Innate and goal-directed movements require a high-degree of trunk appendicular muscle coordination to preserve body stability while ensuring the correct execution motor action. The spinal neural circuits underlying postural are finely modulated by propriospinal, sensory descending feedback, yet how distinct neuron populations cooperate control limb remains unclear. Here, we identified microcircuit composed V2 lineage-derived excitatory (V2a) inhibitory (V2b) neurons that together coordinate...
The role of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase subunit A and B during phi X174 viral synthesis was investigated. Addition nalidixic acid (an inhibitor A) novobiocin B) to an in vitro system capable synthesizing inhibited synthesis. inhibition caused by novobiocin, however, not due specifically because composed extract containing novobiocin-resistant also novobiocin. requirement for the dispensability strand confirmed vivo examining host bacteria temperature-sensitive subunits.
microRNAs (miRNAs) have unique gene regulatory effects in different neuronal subpopulations. Here, we describe a protocol to identify subtype-specific of miRNA murine motor neuron We detail the preparation primary mouse spinal tissue for single cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses pseudobulk expression data. This applies differential testing approaches target networks heterogeneous subpopulations that cannot otherwise be captured by bulk approaches. For complete details on use...
SUMMARY Enteroendocrine cells are specialized sensory of the gut-brain axis that sparsely distributed along intestinal epithelium. The functions enteroendocrine have classically been inferred by gut hormones they release. However, individual typically produce multiple, sometimes apparently opposing, in combination, and some also produced elsewhere body. Here, we developed approaches involving intersectional genetics to enable selective access vivo . We constructed Villin1-p2a-FlpO knock-in...