A5069879667- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Child Welfare and Adoption
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Global Health Care Issues
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Pregnancy-related medical research
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Health and Medical Research Impacts
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
University of Glasgow
2016-2025
California Institute for Biomedical Research
2024
Sunnybrook Hospital
2023
Sunnybrook Research Institute
2023
Stanford Medicine
2023
Stanford University
2022
Health & Life (Taiwan)
2021
Gartnavel General Hospital
2020
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit
2019
Glasgow Life
2015
The UK Medical Research Council's widely used guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions has been replaced by a new framework, commissioned jointly the Council National Institute Health Research, which takes account of recent developments in theory methods need to maximise efficiency, use, impact research.
The Medical Research Council published the second edition of its framework in 2006 on developing and evaluating complex interventions. Since then, there have been considerable developments field intervention research. objective this project was to update light these developments. aims help research teams prioritise questions design, conduct with an appropriate choice methods, rather than provide detailed guidance use specific methods.
<b>Objective</b> To assess the efficacy of a financial incentive added to routine specialist pregnancy stop smoking services versus care help pregnant smokers quit. <b>Design</b> Phase II therapeutic exploratory single centre, individually randomised controlled parallel group superiority trial. <b>Setting</b> One large health board area with materially deprived, inner city population in west Scotland, United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 612 self reported NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde who...
BackgroundThe American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a permissive hypoxaemic target for an oxygen saturation 90% children with bronchiolitis, which is consistent the WHO recommendations targets in lower respiratory tract infections. No evidence exists to support this threshold. We aimed assess whether or higher management supplementation was equivalent normoxic 94% infants admitted hospital viral bronchiolitis.MethodsWe did parallel-group, randomised, controlled, equivalence trial aged 6...
6 months of oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy is usually given as adjuvant treatment for stage 3 colorectal cancer. We investigated whether would be non-inferior to the usual treatment.The SCOT study was an international, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial done at 244 centres. Patients aged 18 years or older with high-risk II and III cancer underwent central randomisation minimisation centre, choice regimen, sex, disease site, N stage, T starting dose capecitabine. were assigned...
Large-language models have recently demonstrated impressive zero-shot capabilities in a variety of natural language tasks such as summarization, dialogue generation, and question-answering. Despite many promising applications clinical medicine, adoption these real-world settings has been largely limited by their tendency to generate incorrect sometimes even toxic statements. In this study, we develop Almanac, large model framework augmented with retrieval for medical guideline treatment...
To investigate the cost-effectiveness of up to £400 worth financial incentives for smoking cessation in pregnancy as an adjunct routine health care.Cost-effectiveness analysis based on a Phase II randomized controlled trial (RCT) and cost-utility using life-time Markov model.The RCT was undertaken Glasgow, Scotland. The economic from UK National Health Service (NHS) perspective.A total 612 pregnant women receive usual support plus or minus vouchers (US $609), contingent upon...
An observational study examining 1-year follow-up of clients two National Health Service smoking cessation services in Glasgow was used to inform a cost-effectiveness analysis. One service involved 7 weeks group-based support (n = 411) and the other consisted up 12 one-to-one counseling with pharmacists 1,374). Pharmacological aids quitting (e.g., nicotine replacement therapy) were available all clients.Quit rates calculated for each at 52 after quit date, these an economic evaluation both...
Abstract Objective To examine effectiveness, cost generalisability, and acceptability of financial incentives for smoking cessation during pregnancy in addition to variously organised UK stop services. Design Pragmatic, multicentre, single blinded, phase 3, randomised controlled trial (Cessation Pregnancy Incentives Trial 3 (CPIT III)). Setting Seven services provided primary secondary care facilities Scotland, Northern Ireland, England. Participants 944 pregnant women (age ≥16 years) who...
The timing of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for colorectal cancer and its association with long-term outcomes have been investigated in national cohort studies, no consensus on the optimal time from to chemotherapy.
<b>Objective</b> To compare the effects of free nicotine replacement therapy or proactive telephone counselling in addition to standard smoking cessation support offered through a quitline. <b>Design</b> Parallel group, 2×2 factorial, randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> National quitline, England. <b>Participants</b> 2591 non-pregnant smokers aged 16 more residing England who called quitline between February 2009 and 2010 agreed set quit date: 648 were each support, with therapy, 647...
In the United Kingdom, totally implantable venous access systems (TIVAS) are not routinely used. Compared with Hickman catheters, these devices more expensive and complex to insert. However, it is unclear whether higher costs may be offset by perceived greater health benefits. This pilot trial aimed generate relevant data inform design of a larger definitive randomised controlled trial. was phase II prospective, randomised, open from two UK oncology centres. The primary end point overall...
Abstract Background In the United Kingdom, induction of labour rates are rapidly rising, and around a third pregnant women undergo procedure. The first stage, cervical ripening, traditionally carried out in hospital, is increasingly offered outpatient – or ‘at home’. current place considerable demand on maternity services impact women’s experiences care, at home ripening has been suggested as potential solution for alleviating these. However, there lack evidence both birth partners’...
Abstract Background Children in foster care who have experienced abuse and neglect are at risk of poor long-term health societal outcomes. Evidence on the costs, benefits cost-effectiveness early interventions aimed improving mental abused neglected children is limited. Methods This study reports within-trial economic evaluation alongside BEST?, a randomized controlled trial comparing New Orleans Intervention Model (NIM) with services as usual (SAU), targeting aged 0–60 months entering UK...
Oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy administered over 6 months is the standard adjuvant regimen for patients with high-risk stage II or III colorectal cancer. However, associated cumulative toxicity, characterised by chronic often irreversible neuropathy. To assess efficacy of 3-month versus 6-month cancer to compare health-related quality life cost-effectiveness durations. An international, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, Phase III, parallel-group trial. A total 244...
Cholesterol guidelines typically prioritize primary prevention statin therapy on the basis of 10-year risk cardiovascular disease. The advent generic pricing may justify expansion eligibility. Moreover, not be optimal approach for prioritization. We estimated cost-effectiveness expanding preventive eligibility and evaluated novel approaches to prioritization from a Scottish health sector perspective.A computer simulation model predicted long-term cost outcomes in adults ≥40 years age....
ABSTRACT Aims Smokers attending group‐based support for smoking cessation in Glasgow are significantly more likely to be successful than those pharmacy‐based support. This study examined the cost‐effectiveness of these two modes Design Combination observational data and information from National Health Service (NHS) Greater Clyde services. Setting Glasgow, Scotland. Participants A total 1979 smokers who accessed either services between March May 2007. Intervention Two treatment offering...
There are no randomised trials of peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) targets in acute respiratory infection. Two national guidelines recommended different for the management viral bronchiolitis. To compare American Academy Pediatrics guideline target SpO2 ≥ 90% with Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network 94%. A multicentre, parallel-group, double-blind, controlled, equivalence trial economic evaluation. Eight paediatric hospital departments UK. Infants > 6 weeks and ≤ 12...
To evaluate whether adding financial incentives to usual care is cost-effective in encouraging pregnant women quit tobacco smoking, compared with alone.