A5089963004- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
- Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Enzyme function and inhibition
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Trigeminal Neuralgia and Treatments
University of Oxford
1981-2025
University of the Pacific
2025
John Radcliffe Hospital
1981-2023
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2021-2023
Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases
2022
Hospital de Sant Pau
2022
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
2022
University of Maryland Medical Center
2022
University of Illinois Chicago
2022
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
2020
Sensory axons degenerate following separation from their cell body, but partial injury to peripheral nerves may leave the integrity of damaged preserved. We show that an endogenous ligand for natural killer (NK) receptor NKG2D, Retinoic Acid Early 1 (RAE1), is re-expressed in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons nerve injury, triggering selective degeneration injured axons. Infiltration cytotoxic NK cells into sciatic by extravasation occurs within 3 days crush injury. Using a combination...
Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with CNS demyelination inclusive of optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis (TM). To examine whether peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement is MOG antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD), we performed detailed characterization an Australasian MOGAD cohort.Using a live cell-based assay, diagnosed 271 adults (2013-2018) clinical immunologic on those likely PNS involvement.We identified 19 without prior TM. All...
Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, mediated by glomerular antibody deposition to an increasing number newly recognised antigens. Previous case reports have suggested association between patients with anti-contactin-1 (CNTN1)-mediated neuropathies and MGN. In observational study we investigated the pathobiology extent this potential MGN examining antibodies against CNTN1 clinical features cohort 468 suspected immune-mediated neuropathies,...
We aimed to define the clinical and serological characteristics of pan-neurofascin antibody-positive patients.We tested serum from patients with suspected immune-mediated neuropathies for antibodies directed against nodal/paranodal protein antigens using a live cell-based assay solid-phase platform. The seronegative were then compared. Sera positive also myelinated human stem cell-derived sensory neurons antibody binding.Eight IgG1-subclass both isoforms cell adhesion molecule neurofascin...
Pain is a under-recognized association of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibodies. Of 147 patients with these autoantibodies, pain was experienced by 17 33 (52%) CASPR2- versus 20 108 (19%) LGI1 antibodies (p = 0.0005), identified as neuropathic in 89% 58% these, respectively. Typically, both cohorts, normal nerve conduction studies reduced intraepidermal fiber densities were observed the sampled patient subsets. In antibody...
Abstract Checkpoint inhibitor medications have revolutionized oncology practice, but frequently induce immune‐related adverse events. During autoimmune neurology practice over 20 months, we prospectively identified four patients with likely antibody‐mediated neurological diseases after checkpoint inhibitors: longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and myasthenia gravis. All shared three characteristics: symptoms commenced 4 weeks drug administration, responses...
How do animals adaptively integrate innate with learned behavioral tendencies? We tackle this question using chemotaxis as a paradigm. Chemotaxis in the Drosophila larva largely results from sequence of runs and oriented turns. Thus, larvae minimally need to determine (i) how fast run, (ii) when initiate turn, (iii) where direct turn. first report odor-source intensities modulate these decisions bring about higher levels chemotactic performance for during chemotaxis. then examine whether...
Autoimmunity affects 10% of the population. Within this umbrella, autoantibody-mediated diseases targeting one autoantigen provide a unique opportunity to comprehensively understand developmental pathway disease-causing B cells and autoantibodies. While such autoreactivities are believed be generated during germinal centre reactions, roles earlier immune checkpoints in autoantigen-specific cell tolerance poorly understood. We address concept patients with CASPR2-autoantibody encephalitis...
Autoantibody-mediated diseases targeting one autoantigen provide a unique opportunity to comprehensively understand the development of disease-causing B cells and autoantibodies. Convention suggests that such autoreactivities are generated during germinal center reactions. Here, we explore earlier immune checkpoints, focusing on patients with contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2)–autoantibody encephalitis. In both disease health, high (~0.5%) frequencies unmutated CASPR2-reactive...
The assessment of the biological activity capsaicin, compound responsible for spicy flavor chili pepper, produced controversial results, showing either carcinogenicity or cancer prevention. innate immune system plays a pivotal role in pathology and prevention; yet, effect capsaicin on natural killer (NK) cells, which function surveillance, is unclear. This study found that inhibited NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity cytokine production (interferon-γ tumor necrosis factor-α). Capsaicin impaired...
The inflammatory neuropathies are disabling conditions with diverse immunological mechanisms. In some, a pathogenic role for immunoglobulin G (IgG)-class autoantibodies is increasingly appreciated, and immunoadsorption (IA) may therefore be useful therapeutic option. We reviewed the use of response to IA or plasma exchange (PLEx) in cohort 41 patients nodal/paranodal antibodies identified from total 573 individuals suspected during course routine diagnostic testing (PNAb cohort). 20 had been...
The excitability of the second order neurons within trigeminal subnucleus caudalis underlies pain perception and processing in migraine neuralgia. These were studied with whole-cell patch-clamp technique slices from mouse brain stem. Electrical morphological characteristics 56 determined. Four categories distinguished electrophysiological properties: tonic (39%), phasic (34%), delayed (16%) single spiking (11%). did not show distinct properties. Neurons had tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium...
The effect of intracellular acidification and subsequent pH recovery in sensory neurons has not been well characterized. We have studied the mechanisms underlying Ca(2+)-induced (pH(i)) rat trigeminal ganglion report their effects on neuronal excitability. Glutamate (500 μM) capsaicin (1 increased Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) with a following decrease pH(i). [Ca(2+)](i) to prestimulus level was inhibited by LaCl(3) mM) o-vanadate (10 mM), plasma membrane Ca(2+)/ATPase (PMCA) inhibitor....
Mechanical allodynia is a common symptom found in neuropathic patients. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels and their current, I(h), have been suggested to play an important role pain, especially mechanical spontaneous by involvement ectopic discharges after peripheral nerve injury. Thus, I(h) blockers may hold therapeutic potential for the intervention of under diverse conditions. Here we show that eugenol blocks abolishes trigeminal system. Eugenol produced robust...
Thirty-four patients using intrauterine contraceptive devices and experiencing excessive menstrual bleeding (more than 80 ml average loss for 2 cycles) were treated with the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor naproxen. The trial was conducted according to a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design. Each patient received of 3 treatments: naproxen in high dose (1250 mg/day 5 days), low (500-mg loading dose, 750 or placebo. treatment taken during consecutive menstruations. When all data...
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depolarizes dorsal root ganglia (DRG) primary afferent neurons through activation of Cl− permeable GABAA receptors but the physiologic role in peripheral terminals DRG remains unclear. In this study, we investigated nociception using a mouse model acute inflammation. vivo, administration selective receptor agonist muscimol evoked spontaneous licking behavior, as well spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron firing, after pre-conditioning with formalin had no...
Recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) in South and Central America have highlighted significant neurologic side effects. Concurrence with the inflammatory neuropathy Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is observed 1:4,000 ZIKV cases. Whether symptoms infection are immune mediated unclear. We used rodent human live cellular models to screen for anti-peripheral nerve reactive IgG IgM autoantibodies sera patients without GBS.In this study, 52 ZIKV-GBS were compared 134 ZIKV-infected GBS 91 non-ZIKV...