Rapee Trichavaroj
A5067116248- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Gut microbiota and health
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration
2021-2025
Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science
2013-2022
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
2022
Thai Red Cross Society
2015-2022
GTx (United States)
2015
Royal Thai Army
1996
Background Limited knowledge exists on early HIV events that may inform preventive and therapeutic strategies. This study aims to characterize the earliest immunologic virologic following infection investigates usage of a novel strategy. Methods Findings We prospectively screened 24,430 subjects in Bangkok identified 40 AHI individuals. Thirty Thais were enrolled (8 Fiebig I, 5 II, 15 III, 2 IV) whom completed 24 weeks megaHAART (tenofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz/raltegravir/maraviroc)....
Mucosal Th17 cells play an important role in maintaining gut epithelium integrity and thus prevent microbial translocation. Chronic HIV infection is characterized by mucosal cell depletion, translocation subsequent immune-activation, which remain elevated despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) correlating with increased mortality. However, when depletion occurs following unknown. We analyzed 42 acute (AHI) subjects (Fiebig (F) stage I-V) a median duration of 16 days the short-term impact early...
The Thai HIV phase III prime/boost vaccine trial (RV144) using ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E was, to our knowledge, the first demonstrate acquisition efficacy. Vaccine-induced, cell-mediated immune responses were assessed. T cell epitope mapping studies IFN-γ ELISPOT was performed on PBMCs from HIV-1-uninfected (n = 61) placebo 10) recipients HIV-1 Env peptides. Positive measured in 25 (41%) vaccinees predominantly CD4(+) cell-mediated. Responses targeted within region, with 15 of...
Although a large pool of cells is infected during acute HIV infection, most these early targets are rapidly cleared upon ART initiation.
The challenges of identifying acute HIV infection (AHI) have resulted in a lack critical information on early AHI that constrains the development therapeutics are designed to eradicate from infected host. participants were recruited Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic Bangkok, Thailand into RV254/SEARCH010 protocol and categorised according Fiebig stages as follows: I (HIV-RNA+, p24 Ag−, IgM−) II–IV Ag + or −, IgM− +, Western blot- indeterminate). Proviral viral burden immune activation levels...
Fourth generation (4thG) immunoassay (IA) is becoming the standard HIV screening method but was not available when Fiebig acute infection (AHI) staging system proposed. Here we evaluated AHI based on a 4thG IA (4thG staging). Screening for performed in real-time by pooled nucleic acid testing (NAT, n=48,828 samples) and sequential enzyme (EIA, n=3,939 identifying 63 subjects with non-reactive 2nd EIA (Fiebig stages I (n=25), II (n=7), III (n=29), IV (n=2)). The majority of samples tested...
Objective: To assess the addition of HIV nucleic acid testing (NAT) to fourth-generation (4thG) antigen/antibody combination immunoassay in improving detection acute infection (AHI). Methods: Participants attending a major voluntary counseling and site Thailand were screened for AHI using 4thG sequential less sensitive antibody immunoassay. Samples nonreactive by further pooled NAT identify additional AHI. status was verified following enrollment into an study with follow-up visits...
Background. The Thai Phase III Trial of ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E showed an estimated vaccine efficacy (VE) 31% to prevent acquisition human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we evaluated the effect vaccination on disease progression after infection. Methods. CD4+ T-cell counts HIV viral load (VL) were measured serially. primary analysis (VEP) as percent reduction (vaccine vs placebo) in cumulative probability a composite endpoint clinical count components at prespecified time points...
It is unclear whether intensification of standard highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with entry and integrase inhibitors during acute HIV infection (AHI) could yield greater benefits in reducing markers for reservoir size immune activationsss Thai patients Fiebig I–IV AHI were prospectively enrolled offered treatment. They randomised 1 : to HAART (tenofovir/emtricitabine/efavirenz, n=31) or megaHAART, a regimen intensified by raltegravir/maraviroc (n=31), the first 24 weeks...
Many individuals with acute human immunodeficiency virus infection (AHI) experience retroviral syndrome (ARS), which is associated adverse long-term clinical outcomes. Participants presenting for voluntary (HIV) testing were enrolled during AHI in Bangkok, Thailand. ARS was defined by ≥3 qualifying signs/symptoms. HIV burden, immunophenotypes, and biomarkers stratified diagnosis at enrollment after up to 96 weeks of antiretroviral therapy (ART). From 212382 samples screened, 430 participants...
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are robust producers of IFNα and one the first immune to respond SIV infection. To elucidate responses early HIV-1 replication, we studied blood pDCs in 29 HIV-infected participants who initiated antiretroviral therapy during acute infection underwent analytic treatment interruption (ATI). We observed an increased frequency partially activated before detection HIV RNA. Concurrent with peak pDC frequency, detected a transient decline ability produce vitro,...
Abstract Introduction Concerns regarding potential drug−drug interactions (DDIs) between hormone therapy and pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may hinder PrEP use among transgender persons. Transgender men have often been overlooked in biomedical HIV research, DDIs masculinizing (MHT) not addressed. We aimed to assess the MHT daily oral men. Methods without who never underwent oophorectomy were enrolled May October 2022. Participants randomly assigned receive emtricitabine‐tenofovir disoproxil...
Summary: Quantification of HIV-1 subtypes is essential for appropriate clinical management. Whereas viral load assays were initially developed to accurately quantify subtype B, the recent worldwide spread non-B and introduction treatment programs in regions with have prompted adaptations these assays. The Bayer Versant RNA 3.0 Assay (branched DNA [bDNA] 3.0) Roche Amplicor Monitor version 1.5 (Amplicor 1.5) are reported all group M; however, evaluation performance characteristics remains...
The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence, demographics, HIV subtype, and genotypic resistance acute infections in a high-risk Thai population.Between March 2006 September 2007, 6426 stored samples at Red Cross Anonymous Clinic were screened for infection by 2 methods: pooled nucleic acid testing (NAT) fourth-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA)-negative (n = 5402) subsequent first-generation EIA EIA-positive 1024).Eleven HIV-infected subjects identified NAT 7) serial 4)....
Myeloid activation contributes to cognitive impairment in chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We explored whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation during acute HIV infection impacts CD163 shedding, a myeloid marker, and turn, implications on the central nervous system (CNS). measured soluble (sCD163) levels plasma cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Thais who initiated cART (Fiebig stages I–IV). Examination of CNS involvement...
In Thailand, the HIV-1 epidemic started abruptly in 1988 with introduction of subtype B and E, now called circulating recombinant form (CRF), CRF01_AE. These two strains appeared independently distinct high-risk populations [1] : among injecting drug users (IDU) CRF01_AE those who were heterosexually exposed [2,3]. is still common infected Bangkok IDU, but was found 80% IDU surveyed 1995–1998 [4]. Dual infection observed by 1994 [5], providing opportunity for recombination between these...
The RV254 cohort of HIV-infected very early acute (4thG stage 1 and 2) (stage 1/2) late 3) individuals was used to study T helper- B cell responses in HIV infection the impact antiretroviral treatment (ART) on function. To investigate this, function circulating follicular helper cells (cTfh) from this examined, cTfh memory populations were phenotyped. Impaired observed treated 3 when compared 1/2. cTfh/B cocultures showed lower survival IgG secretion at This coincided with IL-10 increased...
Abstract Background Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is evident in chronic HIV-infected individuals and may underlie inflammation that persists even during antiretroviral therapy (ART). It remains unclear, however, how early after HIV infection gut emerges it affected by ART. Methods Fecal microbiota were studied 16s rDNA sequencing 52 Thai men who have sex with (MSM), at diagnosis of acute (AHI), Fiebig Stages 1–5 (F1-5), 6 months ART initiation, 7 MSM HIV-uninfected controls. Dysbiotic...
The aim of this study was to compare the performance differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR) typing and peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (V3-EIA) for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtyping in Thailand using heteroduplex mobility (HMA) as reference standard. Paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) sera were collected from 38 HIV-1 seropositive persons Thailand. HMA done by standard methods; PCR employs primer pairs that differentially amplify either...
The extent of viral replication during acute HIV infection (AHI) influences disease progression. However, information comparing load (VL) kinetics with and without antiretroviral therapy (ART) in AHI is limited. knowledge gained could inform preventive strategies aimed at reducing VL therapeutic to alter the that may enhance likelihood achieving remission.The analysis utilized data captured first year from two studies Thailand: RV217 study (untreated AHI, 30 participants 412 visits) RV254...
Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Fiebig 1 acute HIV infection limits the size of viral reservoirs lymphoid tissues, but does not impact time to virus rebound during a treatment interruption. To better understand why reduced reservoir did increase we measured frequency and location RNA+ cells lymph nodes from participants RV254 cohort. were detected more frequently greater numbers when ART was initiated compared later stages localized T-cell zone B-cell follicle with stages....
Productively infected cells are generally thought to arise from HIV infection of activated CD4+ T cells, and these be a recurring source latently when portion the population transitions resting state. We discovered report here that productively can instead originate direct cell populations in lymphoid tissues Fiebig I, earliest stage detectable infection. found was correlated with availability susceptible target largely restricted which expression pTEFb enabled productive infection, we...