A5072086085- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
University of Hawaii System
2015-2025
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2015-2024
Queen's Medical Center
2016-2023
Honolulu University
2003-2021
Kuakini Medical Center
2021
Blood Systems Research Institute
2016
Bridgeport Hospital
2016
National Institute of Health
2016
Kapiolani Community College
2015
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2013
Regimens containing three nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors offer an alternative to regimens nonnucleoside or protease for the initial treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, but data from direct comparisons are limited.
HIV infection induces phenotypic and functional changes to CD8+ T cells defined by the coordinated upregulation of a series negative checkpoint receptors that eventually result in cell exhaustion failure control viral replication. We report effector during blood SIV lymphoid tissue exhibit higher levels receptor TIGIT. Increased frequencies TIGIT+ PD-1+ correlated with parameters disease progression. TIGIT remained elevated despite suppression those either pharmacological antiretroviral or...
OBJECTIVE To determine whether systemic inflammation after initiation of HIV-antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with the development diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study, comparing 55 previously ART-naive individuals who developed diabetes 48 weeks ART (case subjects) did not develop during comparable follow-up (control subjects), matched on baseline BMI and race/ethnicity. Stored plasma samples at treatment (week 0) 1 year later 48) were...
Background. Penicillium marneffei is an important human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated opportunistic pathogen in Southeast Asia. The epidemiology and the predictors of penicilliosis outcome are poorly understood.
Background. The clinical relevance of detecting minority drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants is uncertain. Methods. To determine the effect pre-existing nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant on risk virologic failure, we reanalyzed a case-cohort substudy efavirenz recipients in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol A5095. Minority K103N or Y181C populations were determined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction subjects without...
A case-cohort study was used to determine the effect of baseline nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance, as assessed by viral genotyping, on response efavirenz-containing regimens in AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5095. The sample included a random cohort efavirenz-treated subjects plus unselected who experienced virologic failure. Of 220 cohort, 57 (26%) had prevalence NNRTI resistance 5%. risk failure for with higher than that without such (hazard ratio 2.27 [95%...
Talaromyces marneffei infection is a major cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related death in South and Southeast Asia. Guidelines recommend initial treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate, but this drug has substantial side effects, high cost, limited availability. Itraconazole available oral form, associated fewer unacceptable effects than amphotericin, widely used place amphotericin; however, clinical trials comparing these two treatments are lacking.In open-label,...
Background Monocytes and macrophages play a pivotal role in inflammation during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, their contribution to the development of post-acute sequelae infection (PASC) are not fully elucidated. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing plasma cytokine monocyte levels among three groups: participants with pulmonary PASC (PPASC) reduced predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide [DLCOc, <80%; (PG)]; recovered from no residual symptoms...
Objectives: The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) is unknown. We analysed changes in HCV RNA and the frequency hepatotoxicity co-infected patient enrolling AIDS Clinical Trials Group trials, determined whether impairs successful immune reconstitution these populations. Design/methods: In a prospective analysis patients completing at least 16 weeks HAART four with available stored plasma from two other completed was measured baseline to week 48....
Whole body and abdominal obesity are associated with increased risk of diabetes mellitus heart disease. The effects testosterone therapy on whole visceral fat mass in HIV-infected men unknown.The objective this study was to determine the intraabdominal distribution obesity.IN multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, 88 HIV-positive (waist-to-hip ratio > 0.95 or mid-waist circumference 100 cm) total 125-400 ng/dl, bioavailable less than 115 free 50 pg/ml stable...
Objectives (1) To document rates and patterns of adherence from enrollment until week 24 an AIDS clinical trial; (2) to examine the association end-points including plasma HIV-1 RNA level CD4 cell count; (3) identify predictors clinical, behavioural, psychosocial demographic factors. Design Sub-study a multicentre, randomised, open-label, comparison-controlled 21 collaborating units Adult Clinical Trials Group. Observational, prospective analysis. Methods Ninety-three subjects with baseline...
Identifying host immune determinants governing HIV transcription, latency and infectivity in vivo is critical to developing an cure. Based on our recent finding that the factor p21 regulates transcription during antiretroviral therapy (ART), published data demonstrating human carbohydrate-binding immunomodulatory protein galectin-9 p21, we hypothesized modulates transcription. We report administration of a recombinant, stable form (rGal-9) potently reverses vitro J-Lat model. Furthermore,...
We evaluated regional brain volumes and cerebral metabolite levels as correlates of HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).In this cross-sectional study, 35 HIV+ subjects aged ≥40 years (25 with detectable PBMC DNA; 10 <10 copies/10(6) cells, the threshold detection) 12 seronegative controls underwent structural MRI magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T. were on combination antiretroviral therapy ≥1 year; all but 1 had plasma RNA <50 copies/mL. used logistic regression to...
Background. Age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment may affect the association of HIV infection with atherosclerosis. Methods. We used identical carotid artery B-mode ultrasonographic methods in 5 cohorts participating National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute HIV-CVD Collaborative to measure intima-media thickness right far wall common (CCA-IMT) bifurcation (BIF-IMT) between 2010 2013. Participants aged 6–75 years were either infected or uninfected. Linear regression assessed...
Abstract COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the world, caused over 1.8 million deaths in first year, and severely affected global economy. Hawaii is not spared from transmission of SARS-CoV-2 local population, including high infection rates racial ethnic minorities. Early pandemic, we described this journal various technologies used for detection SARS-CoV-2. Herein characterize a 969-bp segment S gene downstream receptor-binding domain. At John A. Burns School Medicine Biocontainment Facility,...
Although our understanding of the immunopathology and subsequent risk severity COVID-19 disease is evolving, a detailed account immune responses that contribute to long-term consequences pulmonary complications in infection remains unclear. Few studies have cytokine profiles associated with post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) persistent symptoms. The dysregulation system drives survivors PASC sufferers largely unknown.
Recent studies of pregnant women and animal models have raised concerns regarding potentially serious mitochondrial toxicity-related side effects in infants born to mothers who received nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) during their pregnancy prevent HIV-1 perinatal transmission. The aim this study was assess DNA (mtDNA) content cord blood placenta HIV-infected receiving NRTI compared with HIV-negative women, hypothesizing that mtDNA copies per cell would be decreased on...
Metabolic complications have been associated with HIV-1 infection and long-term use of antiretroviral (ARV) medications. In some studies, such linked to cardiovascular events, yet limited data exist concerning metabolic dementia. The objective this study was examine the relationship between HIV-associated dementia (HAD) diabetes among patients infection.Cross-sectional analysis entry for a longitudinal cohort study.A total 203 participants who were enrolled in Hawaii Aging HIV Cohort October...
Background Monocytes transmigrating to the brain play a central role in HIV neuropathology. We hypothesized that continued existence of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) despite potent antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is mediated by inability such control this monocyte/macrophage reservoir. Methods Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted within prospectively enrolled cohort. devised monocyte efficacy (ME) score based on anticipated effectiveness ARV medications against...
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, many which are associated with HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). We examined prevalence incidence MetS in ART-naive HIV-infected individuals starting ART. Methods: MetS, defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, was assessed at after ART initiation who enrolled selected AIDS Clinical Trials Group trials were followed long-term these as part Longitudinal Linked Randomized...
Summary Penicilliosis caused by Talaromyces marneffei is a common AIDS ‐defining illness in South and Southeast Asia. Diagnosis based on culture which can take up to 14 days for identification, leading treatment delay increased mortality. We developed TaqMan real‐time PCR assay targeting the MP 1 gene encoding an abundant cell wall protein specific T. . The assay's performance was evaluated ‐containing plasmids, clinical isolates, plasma from HIV ‐infected patients with without...