A5016229356- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Infections and bacterial resistance
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Polynomial and algebraic computation
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
Hospital for Tropical Diseases
2014-2024
Hanoi National University of Education
2024
Vietnam National University, Hanoi
2024
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit
2014-2020
University of Cambridge
2018
University of Oxford
2016
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of bloodstream infection (BSI). Strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or carbapenemases are considered global priority pathogens for which new treatment and prevention strategies urgently required, due to severely limited therapeutic options. South Southeast Asia major hubs antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) K. also the characteristically antimicrobial-sensitive, community-acquired "hypervirulent" strains. The emergence hypervirulent...
Abstract Background Little is known about the natural history of asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods We conducted a prospective study at quarantine center for disease 2019 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. enrolled quarantined people with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting clinical data, travel and contact history, saliva enrollment daily nasopharyngeal/throat swabs (NTSs)...
Background. Penicillium marneffei is an important human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated opportunistic pathogen in Southeast Asia. The epidemiology and the predictors of penicilliosis outcome are poorly understood.
Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant cause of opportunistic hospital acquired infection and has been identified as an important emerging due to its high levels antimicrobial resistance. Multidrug resistant A. risen rapidly in Vietnam, where colistin becoming the drug last resort for many infections. In this study we generated spontaneous progeny (up >256 μg/μl) from four susceptible Vietnamese isolates one reference strain (MIC <1.5 μg/μl). Whole genome sequencing was used...
Background Antimicrobial resistance is a major issue in the Shigellae, particularly as specific multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineage of Shigella sonnei (lineage III) becoming globally dominant. Ciprofloxacin recommended treatment for infections. However, ciprofloxacin-resistant S. are being increasingly isolated Asia and sporadically reported on other continents. We hypothesized that primary hub recent international spread sonnei. Methods Findings performed whole-genome sequencing collection 60...
Background. Trypanosoma is a genus of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa. brucei species and cruzi are the major agents human trypanosomiasis; other can cause disease, but rare. In March 2015, 38-year-old woman presented to healthcare facility in southern Vietnam with fever, headache, arthralgia. Microscopic examination blood revealed infection Trypanosoma.
Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus are major bacterial causes of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) globally, leading to substantial morbidity mortality. The rapid increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in these pathogens poses significant challenges for their effective antibiotic therapy. In low-resourced settings, patients with LRTIs prescribed antibiotics...
Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) infections are now a well-described cause of morbidity and mortality in children HIV-infected adults sub-Saharan Africa. In contrast, the epidemiology clinical manifestations iNTS disease Asia not well documented. We retrospectively identified >100 cases an infectious hospital Southern Vietnam between 2008 2013. Clinical records were accessed to evaluate demographic factors associated with infection identify risk death. Multi-locus sequence typing...
We recently reported a dramatic increase in the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections intensive care unit (ICU) Vietnamese hospital. This upsurge was associated with specific oxa23-positive clone that identified by multilocus VNTR analysis. Here, we used whole-genome sequence analysis to dissect emergence A. causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) ICU during 2009-2012. To provide historical context and distinguish microevolution from strain introduction,...
Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden (S. Weltevreden) is an emerging cause of diarrheal and invasive disease in humans residing tropical regions. Despite the regional international emergence this serovar, relatively little known about its genetic diversity, genomics or virulence potential model systems. Here we used whole genome sequencing bioinformatics analyses to define phylogenetic structure a diverse global selection S. Weltevreden. Phylogenetic analysis more than 100 isolates...
Salmonella Typhimurium is a major diarrheal pathogen and associated with invasive nontyphoid (iNTS) disease in vulnerable populations. We present the first characterization of iNTS organisms Southeast Asia describe different evolutionary trajectory from that causing sub-Saharan Africa. In Vietnam, globally distributed monophasic variant Typhimurium, serovar I:4,[5],12:i:− ST34 clone, has reacquired phase 2 flagellum gained multidrug-resistant plasmid to become HIV-infected patients. document...
The increasing incidence and emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii has become a major global health concern. Colistin is historic antimicrobial that commonly used as treatment for MDR A. infections. increase in colistin usage been mirrored by an resistance. We aimed to identify the mechanisms associated with resistance using multiple high-throughput-sequencing technologies, including transposon-directed insertion site sequencing (TraDIS), RNA (RNAseq) whole-genome...
Journal Article The decline of typhoid and the rise non-typhoid salmonellae fungal infections in a changing HIV landscape: bloodstream infection trends over 15 years southern Vietnam Get access Tran Vu Thieu Nga, Nga aThe Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Search other works by this author on: Academic PubMed Google Scholar Christopher M. Parry, Parry VietnambAngkor...
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious healthcare-associated infection that affects up to 30 % of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. The bacterial aetiology corresponding antimicrobial susceptibility VAP highly variable, can differ between countries, national provinces even different wards the same hospital. We aimed understand document changes causative agents their profiles retrospectively over an 11 year period major...
The vast burden of cryptococcal meningitis occurs in immunosuppressed patients, driven by HIV, and is caused Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii. We previously reported Vietnam arising atypically HIV uninfected, apparently immunocompetent a single amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) cluster C. grubii (VNIγ). This variant was less common infected individuals; it remains unclear why this lineage associated with patients. To study host tropism we aimed to further our understanding...
Summary Penicilliosis caused by Talaromyces marneffei is a common AIDS ‐defining illness in South and Southeast Asia. Diagnosis based on culture which can take up to 14 days for identification, leading treatment delay increased mortality. We developed TaqMan real‐time PCR assay targeting the MP 1 gene encoding an abundant cell wall protein specific T. . The assay's performance was evaluated ‐containing plasmids, clinical isolates, plasma from HIV ‐infected patients with without...
Talaromycosis is an invasive mycosis endemic in Southeast Asia and causes substantial morbidity mortality individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Current diagnosis relies on isolating Talaromyces marneffei cultures, which takes up to 14 days detectable only during late-stage infection, leading high mortality.
Background: Cryptococcal meningitis has high mortality. Flucytosine is a key treatment but expensive and rarely available. The anticancer agent tamoxifen synergistic anti-cryptococcal activity with amphotericin in vitro. It off-patent, cheap, widely We performed trial to determine its therapeutic potential. Methods: Open label randomized controlled trial. Participants received standard care – combined fluconazole for the first 2 weeks or plus 300 mg/day. primary end point was Early...
Acinetobacter baumannii has become one of the major infection threats in intensive care units (ICUs) globally. Since 2008, A. been leading cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) our ICU at an infectious disease hospital southern Vietnam. The emergence this pathogen setting is consistent with persistence a specific clone exhibiting resistance to carbapenems. Antimicrobial combinations may be strategy treat infections caused by these carbapenem-resistant . Therefore, we assessed potential...
Abstract Background Chromobacterium violaceum is a proteobacterium found in soil and water tropical regions. The organism rarely causes infection humans, yet can cause severe systemic by entering the bloodstream via an open wound. Case presentation We recently identified case of bacteremia caused at Hospital for Tropical Diseases (HTD) Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Here, we describe how rapid microbiological identification combination antimicrobials was used to successfully treat this life...
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), is a diminishing public health problem in Vietnam, and this process may represent prototype for typhoid elimination Asia. Here, we review epidemiology Vietnam over 20 years assess the potential drivers associated with reduction. In 1990s, multidrug resistant S. were highly prevalent sentinel hospital southern Vietnam. A national incidence rate of 14.7/100,000 population per year was estimated around new millennium. The...
We investigated antimicrobial residues, non-typhoidal
Cryptococcal meningitis has fatality rates of 40%-70%, resulting in 200 000 deaths each year. The best outcomes are achieved with amphotericin combined flucytosine but is expensive and unavailable where most disease occurs. More effective affordable treatments needed. Tamoxifen, a selective oestrogen receptor modulator frequently indicated for breast cancer, been found to have synergistic activity against the Cryptococcus neoformans type strain when or fluconazole. It cheap, off-licence,...
An endotracheal tube cuff pressure between 20 and 30 cmH2O is recommended to prevent ventilator-associated respiratory infection (VARI). We aimed evaluate whether continuous control (CPC) was associated with reduced VARI incidence compared intermittent CPC.We conducted a multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial in intensive care unit (ICU) patients within 24 hours of intubation Vietnam. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 receive either CPC using an automated electronic device or...