A5091578720- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit
2015-2024
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
2016-2024
University of Oxford
2015-2024
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2023
Hospital for Tropical Diseases
2013-2021
National Institute Of Hygiene And Epidemiology
2021
University of Da Nang
2021
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015-2021
University of Edinburgh
2013-2019
Children's Hospital
2018
Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease of humans. The host and virus variables associated with dengue (DENV) transmission from symptomatic cases ( n = 208) to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes during 407 independent exposure events was defined. 50% mosquito infectious dose for each DENV-1–4 ranged 6.29 7.52 log10 RNA copies/mL plasma. Increasing day illness, declining viremia, rising antibody titers were independently reduced risk DENV transmission. High early plasma viremia levels in...
Abstract Background Little is known about the natural history of asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods We conducted a prospective study at quarantine center for disease 2019 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. enrolled quarantined people with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting clinical data, travel and contact history, saliva enrollment daily nasopharyngeal/throat swabs (NTSs)...
The interplay between bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility, phylogenetics and patient outcome is poorly understood. During a typhoid clinical treatment trial in Nepal, we observed several failures isolated highly fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi). Seventy-eight S. isolates were genome sequenced observations, fever clearance times (FCTs) stratified by lineage. Most belonged to specific H58 subclade. Treatment failure with Typhi-H58 was significantly less frequent...
Abstract Multidrug‐resistant ( MDR ) Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a leading cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Despite its prominence, little is known about the genetic diversity K. in resource‐poor hospital settings. Through whole‐genome sequencing WGS ), we reconstructed an outbreak occurring on high‐dependency wards Kathmandu during 2012 with case‐fatality rate 75%. The analysis permitted identification two lineages causing distinct outbreaks within complex endemic . Using...
Background Antimicrobial resistance is a major issue in the Shigellae, particularly as specific multidrug-resistant (MDR) lineage of Shigella sonnei (lineage III) becoming globally dominant. Ciprofloxacin recommended treatment for infections. However, ciprofloxacin-resistant S. are being increasingly isolated Asia and sporadically reported on other continents. We hypothesized that primary hub recent international spread sonnei. Methods Findings performed whole-genome sequencing collection 60...
Background. Trypanosoma is a genus of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa. brucei species and cruzi are the major agents human trypanosomiasis; other can cause disease, but rare. In March 2015, 38-year-old woman presented to healthcare facility in southern Vietnam with fever, headache, arthralgia. Microscopic examination blood revealed infection Trypanosoma.
Abstract Background One hundred days after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in Vietnam on 23 January, 270 cases were confirmed, with no deaths. We describe the control measures used by government and their relationship imported domestically acquired case numbers, aim of identifying associated successful SARS-CoV-2 control. Methods Clinical demographic data infected timing nature measures, including numbers tests quarantined individuals,...
Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus are major bacterial causes of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) globally, leading to substantial morbidity mortality. The rapid increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in these pathogens poses significant challenges for their effective antibiotic therapy. In low-resourced settings, patients with LRTIs prescribed antibiotics...
Abstract An improved understanding of heterogeneities in dengue virus transmission might provide insights into biological and ecologic drivers facilitate predictions the magnitude, timing, location future epidemics. To investigate dynamics urban Ho Chi Minh City neighboring rural provinces Vietnam, we analyzed a 10-year monthly time series surveillance data from southern Vietnam. The per capita incidence was lower than most provinces; annual epidemics occurred 1–3 months later elsewhere....
ABSTRACT Norovirus is a highly transmissible infectious agent that causes epidemic gastroenteritis in susceptible children and adults. infections can be severe initiated from an exceptionally small number of viral particles. Detailed genome sequence data are useful for tracking norovirus transmission evolution. To address this need, we have developed whole-genome deep-sequencing method generates entire sequences amounts clinical specimens. This novel approach employs algorithm reverse...
Abstract Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major public health issue in Asia has global pandemic potential. Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) was detected 514/2,230 (23%) of HFMD patients admitted to 3 hospitals southern Vietnam during 2011–2015. Of these patients, 93 (18%) had severe HFMD. Phylogenetic analysis 98 genome sequences revealed they belonged cluster A been circulating for 2 years before emergence. CV-A6 movement among localities within occurred frequently, whereas viral across...
Salmonella Typhimurium is a major diarrheal pathogen and associated with invasive nontyphoid (iNTS) disease in vulnerable populations. We present the first characterization of iNTS organisms Southeast Asia describe different evolutionary trajectory from that causing sub-Saharan Africa. In Vietnam, globally distributed monophasic variant Typhimurium, serovar I:4,[5],12:i:− ST34 clone, has reacquired phase 2 flagellum gained multidrug-resistant plasmid to become HIV-infected patients. document...
We performed a prospective multicenter study to address the lack of data on etiology, clinical and demographic features hospitalized pediatric diarrhea in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. Over 2,000 (1,419 symptomatic 609 non-diarrheal control) children were enrolled three hospitals over 1-year period 2009–2010. Aiming detect panel pathogens, we identified known diarrheal pathogen stool samples from 1,067/1,419 (75.2%) with 81/609 (13.3%) without diarrhea. Rotavirus predominated (664/1,419;...
Diarrheal diseases remain the second most common cause of mortality in young children developing countries. Efforts have been made to explore impact diarrhea on bacterial communities human gut, but a thorough understanding has impeded by inadequate resolution identification and examination only few etiological agents. Here, profiling an extended region 16S rRNA gene fecal microbiome, we aimed elucidate nature gut microbiome perturbations during early phase infectious caused various agents...
ABSTRACT Diarrheal disease is a complex syndrome that remains leading cause of global childhood morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis enteric pathogens in timely precise manner important for making treatment decisions informing public health policy, but accurate major challenge industrializing countries. Multiplex molecular diagnostic techniques may represent significant improvement over classical approaches. We evaluated the Luminex xTAG gastrointestinal pathogen panel (GPP) assay...
Shigella sonnei increasingly dominates the international epidemiological landscape of shigellosis. Treatment options for S. are dwindling due to resistance several key antimicrobials, including fluoroquinolones. Here we analyse nearly 400 whole genome sequences from both endemic and non-endemic regions delineate evolutionary history recently emergent fluoroquinolone-resistant sonnei. We reaffirm that extant resistant organisms belong a single clonal expansion event. Our results indicate...
Malaria vaccine developers are concerned that antigenic escape will erode efficacy. Evolutionary theorists have raised the possibility some types of could also create conditions favoring evolution more virulent pathogens. Such would put unvaccinated people at greater risk severe disease. Here we test impact vaccination with a single highly purified antigen on malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi evolving in laboratory mice. The used, AMA-1, is component several candidate vaccines currently...
Coordinated and synchronous surveillance for zoonotic viruses in both human clinical cases animal reservoirs provides an opportunity to identify interspecies virus movement. Rotavirus (RV) is important cause of viral gastroenteritis humans animals. In this study, we document the RV diversity within co-located animals sampled from Mekong delta region Vietnam using a primer-independent, agnostic, deep sequencing approach. A total 296 stool samples (146 diarrhoeal patients 150 pigs living same...
This study defined the genetic epidemiology of dengue viruses (DENV) in two pivotal phase III trials tetravalent vaccine, CYD-TDV, and thereby enabled virus genotype-specific estimates vaccine efficacy (VE). Envelope gene sequences (n = 661) from 11 DENV genotypes 10 endemic countries provided a contemporaneous global snapshot population genetics revealed high amino acid identity between E genes strains wild-type trial participants, including at epitope sites targeted by neutralising human...
Typhoid fever remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia Africa. The emergence azithromycin resistance South is concerning, as one the last effective oral drugs for treating typhoid.To describe molecular mechanism phylogenetics azithromycin-resistant (AzithR) Salmonella Typhi isolates from Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.Whole-genome sequences three AzithR S. (MIC >256 mg/L) were analysed compared with global collection to investigate phylogenetic structure. Clinical...
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is a significant cause of severe invasive infections in Vietnam, yet data on its epidemiology, population structure and dynamics are scarce. We screened hvKp isolates from patients with bloodstream (BSIs) at tertiary infectious diseases hospital Vietnam healthy individuals, followed by whole genome sequencing plasmid analysis. Among 700 BSI-causing Kp strains, 100 (14.3%) were hvKp. Thirteen identified 350 rectal swabs adults; none 500 children. The...